ᴱ✶[ɸ] ‹f›

⚠️ᴱ✶[ɸ] ‹f›

References ✧ PE12/15, 20

Variations

Element In

Phonetic Development

ᴱQ. [ɸx] became [f] ɸx > f ✧ PE12/20 (ꝑx > fh > f)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirants became stops before stops, [s] or [z] ɸt > pt ✧ PE12/20 (ꝑt > pt)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirants became stops before stops, [s] or [z] ɸs > ps ✧ PE12/20 (ꝑs > ps)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirants became stops after nasals > mp ✧ PE12/20 (nasal + ꝑ > mp)
ᴱQ. final [ɸ] became [xʷ] > -xʷ ✧ PE12/20 ( > ƕ)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirant combinations assimilated except to [θ] ɸxʷ > xʷxʷ ✧ PE12/20 (ꝑ + x͡w > xx͡w)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirants voiced before voiced continuants ɸ{βmnŋrljw} > β{βmnŋrljw} ✧ PE12/20 (ꝑ or f > ƀ; before voiced spirants, before n, r, l, ı̯, u̯)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirants voiced after liquids > ✧ PE12/20 (liquids + ꝑ > lb)
ᴱQ. voiceless spirants voiced after liquids > ✧ PE12/20 (liquids + ꝑ > rb)
ᴱQ. [ɸ] usually became [f] ɸ > f ✧ PE12/16 ( > f)
ᴱQ. [ɸ] usually became [f] ɸɣʷ > f ✧ PE12/20 (fw̑ > f)
ᴱQ. [ɸ] usually became [f] ɸðʲ > ✧ PE12/20 (fy̑ > hy)
ᴱQ. [ɸ] usually became [f] ɸu > βu ✧ PE12/20 ( > ƀ; before ū̆)
ᴱQ. intervocalic voiceless spirants became voiced VfV > VvV ✧ PE12/16 (f > v (w); medial); PE12/20 (ꝑ or f > f > v; between vowels)