Q. ëa- v. (irregular-verb) “to be, exist” (Category: Be)
References ✧ PE17/74; PE22/147, 152, 166; S/20; UT/305, 317; VT39/6-7; VT43/13-14, 38; VT49/28-30
Glosses
Variations
Related
Inflections
ëa | aorist | “exists” | ✧ PE17/74; VT39/7 |
ëa | aorist | “is” | ✧ UT/305; UT/317 |
ëa | aorist | “it is” | ✧ VT39/6 |
ëa | aorist | ✧ VT43/13; VT43/14 | |
(e)uva | future | ✧ PE22/147 | |
euva | future | ✧ VT49/29 | |
Eä | imperative | “Let these things Be” | ✧ S/20 |
eane | past | ✧ VT49/30 | |
enge | past | ✧ PE22/147 | |
enge | past; strong-past | “*was” | ✧ VT43/38 |
enge | past; strong-past | ✧ VT49/29 | |
engne | past | ✧ PE22/152 | |
enne | past | ✧ PE22/152 | |
engie | perfect | ✧ VT49/29: analogical | |
†éye | perfect | ✧ VT49/29: rare | |
ëa | present | “it exists” | ✧ VT49/28: present continuous |
Element In
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
√EŊE > eä | [eŋa] > [eɣa] > [ea] | ✧ PE22/147 |
✶eŋa > ëa | [eŋa] > [eɣa] > [ea] | ✧ PE22/166 |
√eŋe > ëa | [eŋa] > [eɣa] > [ea] | ✧ VT49/28 |
✶eŋe > ea | [eŋa] > [eɣa] > [ea] | ✧ VT49/29 |
✶e-ēŋiı̯ē > ēŋie > ēiı̯ē > †éye | [ēŋijē] > [ēɣijē] > [ēijē] ? [ējē] > [ēje] | ✧ VT49/29 |
ᴹQ. ea- v. (irregular-verb) “to be; to exist, have being, be found extant in the real world” (Category: Be)
References ✧ PE19/48; PE22/119, 122-124
Glosses
Variations
Changes
Inflections
ëa | aorist | “there is, there exists” | ✧ PE22/124 |
ëa | aorist | “(there) is” | ✧ PE22/124 |
ëat | aorist dual | ✧ PE22/122 | |
ëar | aorist plural | ✧ PE22/122 | |
ëan | aorist with-1st-sg-object | “there is to me” | ✧ PE22/122 |
ëanye | aorist with-1st-sg-object | “there is to me” | ✧ PE22/122 |
euva | future | “will exist” | ✧ PE22/123 |
vā | future | ✧ PE22/123 | |
éva | future | ✧ PE22/124 | |
ëava | future | “will exist” | ✧ PE22/123: late classical and TQ form |
ēva | future | “will exist” | ✧ PE22/123 |
ŭva | future | ✧ PE22/123 | |
vár | future plural | “shall be” | ✧ PE22/124 |
ie | gerund | “existing” | ✧ PE22/122 |
ie | gerund | “existence” | ✧ PE22/124 |
ére | gerund | “existing” | ✧ PE22/122 |
ére | gerund | “existence” | ✧ PE22/124 |
ëa | imperfect-participle | “existing” | ✧ PE22/122 |
†eñge | past | ✧ PE22/122; PE22/122 | |
ne | past | “was” | ✧ PE22/119 |
né | past | ✧ PE19/48: from a different stem | |
né | past | “was” | ✧ PE22/124 |
nē | past | “was” | ✧ PE22/123 |
ëane | past | “existed” | ✧ PE22/123 |
ëane | past | ✧ PE22/124 | |
ēne | perfect | ✧ PE22/123 | |
nea | perfect-participle | “existed” | ✧ PE22/123 |
†énea | perfect-participle | ✧ PE22/124 | |
†ēnea | perfect-participle | “existed” | ✧ PE22/123 |
Element In
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
ᴹ√EƷ > ea | [eɣa] > [ea] | ✧ PE19/48 |
ᴹ✶e-ñ-ʒe > †eñge | [eŋɣe] > [eŋge] | ✧ PE22/122 |
ᴹ✶ē̆ʒā > ëa | [eɣa] > [ea] | ✧ PE22/122 |
ᴹ✶eʒyā > ëa | [eɣja] > [eja] > [ea] | ✧ PE22/122 |
ᴹQ. ye- v. (irregular-verb) “to be” (Category: Be)
References ✧ LR/72; PE22/11, 107, 115, 117, 119-120, 123
Glosses
Variations
Changes
Inflections
ye | aorist | “is” | ✧ LR/72; LR/72; PE22/11; PE22/117; PE22/119 |
ye | aorist | “is” | ✧ PE22/107 |
ye | aorist | ✧ PE22/115 | |
ye | aorist | “it is” | ✧ PE22/120 |
yér | aorist plural | ✧ PE22/123 | |
vá | future | ✧ PE22/123 | |
yéva | future | “there will be” | ✧ LR/72 |
yéva | future | “is” | ✧ LR/72 |
yéva | future | ✧ PE22/123 | |
váya | future-participle | ✧ PE22/123 | |
yevalya | future-participle | ✧ PE22/123 | |
ie | gerund | ✧ PE22/123 | |
yē | gerund | ✧ PE22/123 | |
yea | imperfect-participle | ✧ PE22/123 | |
†yelya | imperfect-participle | ✧ PE22/123 | |
úye | negated | “[is] not” | ✧ LR/72 |
né | past | ✧ PE22/123 | |
yene | past | ✧ PE22/123 | |
ener | past plural | ✧ PE22/123 | |
nér | past plural | ✧ PE22/123 | |
enie | perfect | ✧ PE22/123 | |
yénie | perfect; augmentless | ✧ PE22/123 | |
enea | perfect-participle | ✧ PE22/123 | |
†enelya | perfect-participle | ✧ PE22/123 | |
nea | perfect-participle | ✧ PE22/123 |
Element In
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
ᴹ√YE > yē | [jē] | ✧ PE22/123 |
ᴱQ. e-² v. “to be” (Category: Be)
References ✧ PE14/51, 54, 57; PE16/62, 66, 140-141, 143
Changes
Inflections
Element In
Derivations