S. Caradhras loc. “Redhorn”

S. Caradhras, loc. “Redhorn”

Sindarin name of a peak in the Misty Mountains translated “Redhorn”, itself a translation of Kh. Barazinbar of the same meaning (LotR/283). This name is a combination of caran “red” and rass “horn”, with the dh appearing because [nr] became [ðr] in the phonological history of Sindarin (LotR/1113, PE17/36).

Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, Tolkien first considered and rejected the names N. Bliscarn and N. Carnbeleg before settling on N. Taragaer “Ruddyhorn” (RS/419, 433), with Taragaer also appearing in The Etymologies (Ety/TARÁK). In these early drafts, Tolkien also considered the names N. Caradras and Rhascaron (RS/433), and he eventually switched to Caradras >> Caradhras (TI/166), keeping the final name thereafter.

References ✧ LotR/283, 1113; LotRI/Barazinbar, Caradhras, Redhorn; PE17/35-36; PE21/86; RC/266; RSI/Caradras, Taragaer; SA/caran, ras; SDI1/Caradhras; TI/166, 174; TII/Caradras; UTI

Glosses

Variations

Elements

caran “red”
rass “horn” ✧ SA/ras (ras)

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

S. caran-rass > Caradhras [karanrass] > [karaðrass] > [karaðras] ✧ LotR/1113
S. caran-rass > Caradhras [karanrass] > [karaðrass] > [karaðras] ✧ PE17/36
S. caran-rass > Caradhras [karanrass] > [karaðrass] > [karaðras] ✧ SA/caran
S. caran-rass > Caradhras [karanrass] > [karaðrass] > [karaðras] ✧ TI/174

N. Caradras loc. “Redhorn”

See S. Caradhras for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/DEN, RAS; LRI/Caradras, Taragaer; PMI/Barazinbar, Caradras; RS/433, 462; RSI; TI/166; TII

Glosses

Variations

Changes

Elements

caran “red”
rhas “horn [of both animals and mountains]” ✧ Ety/RAS
ᴹ√KARAN “red” ✧ Ety/RAS (KARÁN)

Element In

Cognates


N. Rhascaron loc. “Redhorn”

Earlier name of Caradhras “Redhorn” in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (RS/433). Its elements were reversed, with rhas “horn” first and caran “red” second.

References ✧ RS/433; RSI

Variations

Elements

rhas “horn [of both animals and mountains]”
caran “red”

N. Taragaer loc. “Ruddyhorn”

Earlier name of Caradhras “Redhorn” in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (RS/419). It also appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s as a combination of tarag “horn” and goer “red” (Ety/TARÁK).

References ✧ Ety/TARÁK; LRI; RS/419, 433; RSI

Glosses

Changes

Elements

tarag “horn; steep mountain peak” ✧ Ety/TARÁK
goer “red, copper-coloured, ruddy” soft-mutation
ᴹ√GAY “*red, copper-coloured, ruddy” ✧ Ety/TARÁK

N. Carnbeleg loc. “Ruddyhorn”

Earlier (rejected) name of Caradhras “Redhorn” in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (RS/433). It seems to be a combination of caran “red” and beleg “mighty”, as suggested by Roman Rausch (EE/1.12).

References ✧ RS/433; RSI

Glosses

Changes

Elements

caran “red”
beleg “great, large”

N. Bliscarn loc.

Earliest (rejected) name of Caradhras “Redhorn” in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (RS/433). Its final element appeared to be caran “red”, but the meaning of the initial element is unclear.

References ✧ RS/433; RSI

Changes

Elements

?
caran “red”