ᴹQ. passive participle grammar.
| Examples (passive-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ampanŏtaina | [← ampanóta-] | ✧ PE22/118 | |||||||
| karĭna | “made” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| karina | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karina | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karina | “made” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| karina | “made” | [← kar-] | ✧ VT43/15 | ||||||
| qessenen | “by name” | [← esse¹] | ✧ PE22/124 | ||||||
| estaina | “named” | [← esta-¹] | ✧ PE22/124 | ||||||
| qestaina | “named” | [← esta-¹] | ✧ PE22/124 | ||||||
| farina | “fugitive, hunted” | [← fara-] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| istāna | “known” | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| istina | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| istana | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| liruna | ← liru | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| ?lirunta | ← liru | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| matina | “eaten” | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| nahtina | [← nahta-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| nótina | “counted” | [← not-] | ✧ LR/72 | ||||||
| ortana | [← orta-¹] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| palkina | [← palka-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| perina | ← perya- | ✧ Ety/PER | |||||||
| siryana | [← sirya-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| sulpina | [← sulpa-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| taltana | [← talta-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| hostainiéva | “is numbered” | [← hosta-] | stative-future | ✧ LR/72 | |||||
| Examples (imperfect-passive-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ampanaina | “while it was being built” | [← #ampana-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| ampananta | [← #ampana-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| káraina | “being made” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| karanta | “being made” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| karaina | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karanta | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karanta | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| faraina | ← fara- | ✧ PE22/116 | |||||||
| faranta | ← fara- | ✧ PE22/116 | |||||||
| istaina | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| istanta | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| istanta | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||||
| istaina | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||||
| mátaina | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| matanta | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| nahtaina | “being killed” | [← nahta-] | ✧ PE22/115 | ||||||
| orhalaina | “being raised up” | [← orhal-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| orhalanta | “being raised up” | [← orhal-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| ortaina | [← orta-¹] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| ortanta | [← orta-¹] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| sulpaina | [← sulpa-] | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||||
| tyávaina | [← tyav-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| tyavanta | [← tyav-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| Examples (perfect-passive-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kárienwa | “having been made” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | ||||||
| kárienwa | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| (a)kárienwa | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| {a}kárienwa | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| sintienwa | “having been known” | ← sinte (past) | ✧ PE22/115 | ||||||
| mátienwa | “having been eaten” | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/109 | ||||||
| mantienwa | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| (a)mátienwa | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| amantienwa | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| túlienwa | “having arrived” | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/109 | ||||||
| Examples (future-passive-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| alavaina | ← oláva (future) | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| alavanta | [← ala-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karuvaina | “going to be made” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | ||||||
| karuvaina | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karuvanta | “going to be made” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | ||||||
| karuvanta | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karuvanta | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| istuvaina | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| istuvanta | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| keluvaina | ← kelúva (future) | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| keluvanta | [← kelu-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| matuvaina | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| matuvanta | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| ortavaina | ← ortáva (future) | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| ortavanta | [← orta-¹] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| ortuvaina | [← orta-²] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| ortuvanta | [← orta-²] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
References ✧ PE22/100, 107-109, 111
Element In
ᴱQ. passive participle grammar.
| Examples (passive-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tŭlĭna | [← tulu-] | ✧ PE16/128 | |||||||
| tulvalya(nt) | [← tulu-] | future | ✧ PE14/30 | ||||||
| qetsime | “were told” | [← qet-] | past | ✧ PE14/54 | |||||
| qensiēma | [← qet-] | past | ✧ PE14/54 | ||||||
| rautanēma | “stolen” | [← rauta-] | past | ✧ PE14/54 | |||||
| tuliēla | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE14/30 | ||||||
| tulielya(nt) | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE14/30 | ||||||
| tulinwa | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE16/128 | ||||||
| †tulīna | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE16/128 | ||||||
| tūlila | [← tulu-] | present | ✧ PE14/30 | ||||||
| tūlilya(nt) | [← tulu-] | present | ✧ PE14/30 | ||||||