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Q. veru n. “husband” (Category: Husband)

Q. veru, n. “husband” (Category: Husband)
ᴱQ. veruner “husband”
ᴱQ. heruvesto “husband, (lit.) lord husband”

The most common word for “husband” in Quenya (VT49/45).

Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s where ᴱQ. veru “husband” appeared as a derivative of the early root ᴱ√VEŘE [VEÐE] (QL/101). In the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s the word for “husband” appeared as ᴱQ. vero, but this form was marked as archaic (†) and became in normal speech the longer word ᴱQ. veruner (PE15/74). In Early Noldorin Word-lists and notes on the Valmaric Script from the 1920s the word was still veru (PE13/146; PE14/112), and in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s Tolkien gave ᴹQ. veru “husband” as an example of a ū-declension (PE21/15).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s, however, Tolkien gave a different form ᴹQ. venno for “husband” while ᴹQ. veru was a dual form meaning “husband and wife, married pair”, both derived from the root ᴹ√BES “wed” (Ety/BES). The nn in venno is because it was derived from primitive ᴹ✶besnō and sn > zn > nn in Quenya (PE19/49). In a 1969 note, Tolkien restored Q. veru for “husband”, deriving it instead from a root √BER “to mate, be mated, joined in marriage” (VT49/45).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I prefer to retain the 1930s root ᴹ√BES for marriage words in order to preserve Noldorin/Sindarin forms, but I would still use the well-established veru for “husband”, just conceived of as a derivative of the root √BES, coming from *besū with intervocalic s > z > r.

Reference ✧ VT49/45 ✧ “husband”

Element In

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

verū > veru [berū] > [βerū] > [βeru] > [veru] ✧ VT49/45

ᴹQ. venno n. “husband” (Category: Husband)

See Q. veru for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/BES; EtyAC/BES

Glosses

Related

Changes

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶besnō > venno [besnō] > [βesnō] > [βeznō] > [βennō] > [βenno] > [venno] ✧ Ety/BES

ᴹQ. veru¹ n. “husband” (Category: Husband)

See Q. veru for discussion.

References ✧ PE21/15

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

verullo ablative ✧ PE21/15
verullut ablative dual ✧ PE21/15
[veru]lillo ablative plural ✧ PE21/15
verŭlillon ablative plural ✧ PE21/15
verua accusative ✧ PE21/15
verut accusative dual ✧ PE21/15
veruï accusative plural ✧ PE21/15
verúli accusative plural; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15
verunta allative ✧ PE21/15
veruntau allative dual ✧ PE21/15
verunto allative dual ✧ PE21/15
verulinta allative plural ✧ PE21/15
veruntan allative plural ✧ PE21/15
verŭlintan allative plural ✧ PE21/15
veruen dative ✧ PE21/15
veru dative dual ✧ PE21/15
veruïr dative plural ✧ PE21/15
verúlir dative plural; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15
veruo genitive ✧ PE21/15
veruhta genitive dual ✧ PE21/15
veru͡ion genitive plural ✧ PE21/15
verúlion genitive plural; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15
verúnen instrumental; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15
verúmet instrumental dual; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15
veruinen instrumental plural ✧ PE21/15
veru͡inen instrumental plural ✧ PE21/15
verŭlínen instrumental plural; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15
verusse locative ✧ PE21/15
verusset locative dual ✧ PE21/15
[veru]lisse locative plural ✧ PE21/15
verŭlissen locative plural ✧ PE21/15
veru nominative ✧ PE21/15
verunt nominative dual ✧ PE21/15
veruïn nominative plural ✧ PE21/15
verúlin nominative plural; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15
veruíka partitive-plural; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15; PE21/15
verúva possessive; prosodic-lengthening ✧ PE21/15
verulinwa possessive plural ✧ PE21/15
verundon similative ✧ PE21/15
verulindon similative plural ✧ PE21/15

ᴱQ. veru n. “husband” (Category: Husband)

See Q. veru for discussion.

References ✧ PE13/146; PE14/112; PE15/74; QL/101

Glosses

Variations

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ√VEŘE > veru [βeðū] > [βeðu] > [veðu] > [vezu] > [veru] ✧ QL/101