LIN(D)² root. “sing”

All of the attested derivatives of this root are actually developed from the medially strengthened form √LIND (appearing on WJ/382). It may be that other forms vanished due to conflicts with √LIN¹ “pool”.

Tolkien vacillated on the Sindarin form of this root. In the Etymologies, he considered and then rejected a N. variant ᴹ√GLIN. The variant √GLIN reappeared in the later essay “Quendi and Eldar” from 1959-60 (WJ/382) as the antecedent of archaic S. †Glinnel, the cognate Q., T. Linda, the tribal name the Teleri used for themselves.

If √GLIN is the Sindarin form of the root, then its Sindarin derivatives would have initial gl- instead of l-. However, evidence indicates most of the Sindarin derivatives begin with l- such as with the verb linna- “to sing” appearing in the poem “Elbereth Gilthoniel” in The Lord of the Rings. It is probably better to assume the normal form of this root is √LIN(D) in all the Eldarin languages, and that S. †Glinnel is an individual variation.

References ✧ PE17/027.0817; PE17/160.1301; SA/lin².001; UT/253.1503; WJ/382.0510; WJ/382.1402; WJ/382.1404; WJ/411.1507

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ᴹ√LIN² root. “sing”

In the Etymologies, Tolkien considered a Noldorin variant of this root: ᴹ√GLIN with derivatives ᴹQ. lin-², N. glin- “to sing” and N. glinn¹ “song, poem, lay”. He rejected this variant, however, and its derivatives became ᴹQ. lir-, N. glir- and N. glaer or glîr, all from the root ᴹ√(G)LIR.

After this changes, all of the remaining derivatives of ᴹ√LIN² were actually derived from primitive ᴹ✶lind-; this seems to be the case with derivatives of this root in later writings as well.

References ✧ Ety/GLIN.001; Ety/GLIN.021; Ety/LIN².001; Ety/LIN².003; Ety/TIN.147; Ety/TUY.037; EtyAC/GLIR.028; EtyAC/LIND.053

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