G. initial voiced spirants became stops; [{βðɣ}-] > [{bdg}-]
Reference ✧ PE12/17
Phonetic Rule Elements
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Phonetic Rule Examples
ɣǝroukē > gǝroukē | ɣ- > g- | ᴱ✶ʒǝroukē > G. grôg | ✧ QL/32 |
ɣet > get | ɣ- > g- | #ᴱ√ʒet- > G. ged | ✧ GL/43 |
ɣets > gets | ɣ- > g- | #ᴱ√ʒet- > G. geth | ✧ GL/43 |
ɣṛm > gṛm | ɣ- > g- | ᴱ√‘ṚMṚ > G. grim | ✧ QL/32 |
ɣuð- > guð- | ɣ- > g- | ᴱ√gudh > G. gudh- | ✧ GL/42 |
ɣūðī > gūðī | ɣ- > g- | ᴱ√gudh > G. gaudhi | ✧ GL/42 |
ɣul- > gul- | ɣ- > g- | ᴱ√ULU > G. gul- | ✧ LT1A/Ulmo |
ɣulta- > gulta- | ɣ- > g- | ᴱ√ULU > G. gulta- | ✧ LT1A/Ulmo |
ɣunð > gunð | ɣ- > g- | ᴱ√gudh > G. gund | ✧ GL/42 |
ɣuŋg > guŋg | ɣ- > g- | ᴱ√GUŊU > G. gung | ✧ QL/98 |
βaɣ > baɣ | β- > b- | ᴱ√Baʒ̔- > G. Bai | ✧ GL/21 |
βaɣð > baɣð | β- > b- | ᴱ√Baʒ̔- > G. Baith | ✧ GL/21 |
βaɣl > baɣl | β- > b- | ᴱ√Baʒ̔- > G. bail | ✧ GL/21 |
βaɣn > baɣn | β- > b- | ᴱ√Baʒ̔- > G. Bain | ✧ GL/21 |
βaɣta- > baɣta- | β- > b- | ᴱ√Baʒ̔- > G. baidha- | ✧ GL/21 |
βan > ban | β- > b- | ᴱ√VANA > G. Ban- | ✧ QL/99 |
βaxa > baxa | β- > b- | ᴱ✶baχa > G. Bacha | ✧ GL/21 |
βeðjat > beðjat | β- > b- | ᴱ√Beđ > G. †bedhiod | ✧ GL/22 |
βeðs > beðs | β- > b- | ᴱ√Beđ > G. bess | ✧ GL/22 |
βelektā > belektā | β- > b- | ᴱ√melek/mbelek/belek > G. blectha | ✧ GL/22 |
βenð > benð | β- > b- | ᴱ√Beđ > G. †benn | ✧ GL/22 |
βenða- > benða- | β- > b- | ᴱ√Beđ > G. benna- | ✧ GL/22 |
βenn > benn | β- > b- | ᴱ√VENE > G. benn | ✧ LT1A/Glorvent |
βent > bent | β- > b- | ᴱ√VENE > G. bent | ✧ LT1A/Glorvent |
βiða > biða | β- > b- | ᴱ√viđa > G. bith | ✧ GL/23 |
βil > bil | β- > b- | ᴱ√bīl- > G. bil | ✧ GL/23 |
βḹd > bḹd | β- > b- | ᴱ√vḷd > bald- > G. Bâl | ✧ GL/21 |
βḹt > bḹt | β- > b- | ᴱ√vḷt > G. balt | ✧ GL/23 |
βḷt- > bḷt- | β- > b- | ᴱ√vḷt > G. blid | ✧ GL/23 |
βoronda > boronda | β- > b- | ᴱ√VORO > G. brod | ✧ LT1A/Bronweg |
βṛtol > bṛtol | β- > b- | ᴱ√vṛt > G. Bridol | ✧ GL/24 |