Q. [l]

Q. [l]

References ✧ LotR/1114; PE17/71, 153; PE18/105; PE19/70, 72, 80, 93-94, 100; WJ/363

Variations

• l ✧ LotR/1114; LotR/1114; PE19/80; PE19/100
• ly ✧ PE19/80

Element In

• Q. continuants
• Q. t-series

Phonetic Development

Q. [no change]	l	<	l	✧ PE18/105 (l > l); PE19/72 (l > l)
AQ. [dj] became [lj]	lj	<	dj	✧ PE19/70 (dy > ly); PE19/94 (dy > ly); WJ/363 (dj > ly)
AQ. initial [d] became [l]	l-	<	d-	✧ PE17/153 (d > l; initial)
Q. [lɣ], [rɣ] became [ll], [rr]	ll	<	lɣ	✧ PE19/93 (lg > ll)
AQ. [z] and [ð] assimilated to following [r], [l]	ll	<	ðl	✧ PE17/71 (-rl- > ll; assimilation)

ᴹQ. [l]

References ✧ PE19/38, 51; PE22/65

Variations

• l ✧ PE22/65; PE22/65

Element In

• ᴹQ. continuants ✧ PE22/65
• ᴹQ. t-series ✧ PE22/65

Phonetic Development

ᴹQ. [no change]	l	<	l	✧ PE19/38 (l > l); PE19/51 (l > l); PE19/51 (lp > lp); PE19/51 (lt > lt); PE19/51 (lty > lty); PE19/51 (lk > lk); PE19/51 (lkw > lkw); PE19/51 (lb > lb); PE19/51 (ld > ld); PE19/51 (lg > lg); PE19/51 (lm > lm); PE19/51 (ly > ly); PE19/51 (lw > lw); PE19/51 (ll > ll)
ᴹAQ. [nl], [nr] became [ll], [rr]	ll	<	nl	✧ PE19/51 (nl > ll)
ᴹAQ. [rl] and [lr] became [ll]	ll	<	rl	✧ PE19/51 (rl > ll)
ᴹAQ. [rl] and [lr] became [ll]	ll	<	lr	✧ PE19/51 (lr > ll)
ᴹQ. medial [ð] dissimilated to [l] after [r]	rVl	<	rVð	✧ PE19/51 (d > l; occasionally)
ᴹAQ. initial [dr-], [dl-] became [r-], [l-]	l-	<	dl-	✧ PE19/38 (dl > l; initial)
ᴹAQ. initial [d] became [l]	l-	<	d-	✧ PE19/38 (d > l; initial)
ᴹAQ. voiced stops became spirants except after nasals and liquids	ɣ	<	g	✧ PE19/38 (gl > l; initial)
ᴹAQ. [z] and [ð] assimilated to following [r], [l]	ll	<	zl	✧ PE19/51 (zl > ll)

ᴱQ. [l]

References ✧ PE12/16; PE14/41, 60

Variations

• l ✧ PE14/41; PE14/60

Element In

• ᴱQ. liquids ✧ PE14/41
• ᴱQ. t-series

Phonetic Development

ᴱQ. [no change]

l

<

l

✧ PE12/16 (l̯ > l)