S. [N.] garaf [ñg-], n. “wolf”

N. garaf [ñg-] n. “wolf”

Reference ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M ✧ “wolf”

Cognates

• Ilk. garm “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M.003
• ᴹQ. narmo “wolf” ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M.008 (ñarmo/narmo)

Derivations

• < ᴹ√ÑGARAM ✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M.001 (ÑGAR(A)M)

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√ÑGAR(A)M > garaf

[ŋgaramo] > [garamo] > [garam] > [garav]

✧ Ety/ÑGAR(A)M.006

N. araf n. “wolf, dog”

References ✧ Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM

Glosses

• “dog” ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM.033 (araf)
• “swift dog, wolf, small dog” ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM.032 (aram)
• “wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM.006 (araf)

Variations

• araf ✧ Ety/ƷARAM.006; EtyAC/ƷARAM.033
• aram ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM.032

Changes

• aram “swift dog, wolf, small dog” >> araf “dog” ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM.032
• araf >> araf ✧ EtyAC/ƷARAM.033

Cognates

• Dan. garma “wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM.016 (garma); EtyAC/ƷARAM.024 (garma)
• Ilk. garm “wolf” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM.003 (garm); EtyAC/ƷARAM.021 (garm)
• ᴹQ. harma² “wolf, hound” ✧ Ety/ƷARAM.014 (harma); EtyAC/ƷARAM.026 (harma)

Derivations

• < ᴹ√ÑGARAM ✧ Ety/ƷARAM.001 (ƷARAM)

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√ƷARAM > araf

[ɣaramā] > [ɣarama] > [arama] > [aram] > [arav]

✧ Ety/ƷARAM.006

G. harach n. “she-wolf”

Reference ✧ GL/48 ✧ “she-wolf”

Derivations

• < ?ᴱ√HARA

G. harog n. “wolf”

References ✧ GL/48, 75

Glosses

• “wolf” ✧ GL/48.2101

Variations

• harog ✧ GL/48.2101
• harw ✧ GL/48.2103; GL/75.2603

Related

• urc “wolf” = harw ✧ GL/75.2601

Derivations

• < ?ᴱ√HARA