Ilk. voiceless stops voiced after vowels; [V{ptk}] > [V{bdg}]

Ilk. voiceless stops voiced after vowels; [V{ptk}] > [V{bdg}]

As described in the Comparative Tables, voiceless stop were voiced medially (PE19/23), which was also the rule in Noldorin. From the examples in The Etymologies, it is clear this change occurred consistently after vowels. Some clear examples are: ᴹ✶mapā > Ilk. mâb (Ety/MAP), ᴹ✶atar > Ilk. adar (Ety/ATA) and ᴹ✶tiukā > Ilk. tiog (Ety/TIW). This development must have occurred after voiced stops spirantalized after vowels, since the voiced stops resulting from this rule did not further develop into spirants.

Order (04400)

After 04300 voiced stops spirantalized after vowels ᴹ✶atar > Ilk. adar Ety/ATA
Before 04600 [w] vanished after medial velars ᴹ✶-kw- > Ilk. -g(w)- PE19/23

Phonetic Rule Elements

[Vp] > [Vb] ✧ PE19/23 (-p- > -b-)
[Vt] > [Vd] ✧ PE18/104 (´t > ´d); PE19/23 (-t- > -d-)
[Vk] > [Vg] ✧ PE19/23 (-k- > -g-)

Phonetic Rule Examples

bróko > brógo Vk > Vg ᴹ✶morókō > Ilk. broga ✧ Ety/MORÓK
drṓk > drṓg Vk > Vg ᴹ✶d’rāk > Dor. drôg ✧ Ety/DARÁK
-kw- > -gw- Vk > Vg ᴹ✶-kw- > Ilk. -g(w)- ✧ PE19/23
laika > laiga Vk > Vg ᴹ✶laika > Ilk. laig ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
laikwa > laigwa Vk > Vg ᴹ✶laikwa > Ilk. laig ✧ Ety/LAIK
lekla > legla Vk > Vg ᴹ√LEK > Ilk. legol ✧ Ety/LEK
naukle > naugle Vk > Vg ᴹ√NÁWAK > Dor. naugol ✧ Ety/NAUK
rek > reg Vk > Vg ᴹ√ERÉK > Dor. regin ✧ Ety/ERÉK
taka- > taga- Vk > Vg ᴹ√TAK > Ilk. taga ✧ Ety/TAK
taika > taiga Vk > Vg ᴹ✶taikā > Ilk. taig ✧ EtyAC/TĀ
tioka > tioga Vk > Vg ᴹ✶tiu̯kā > Ilk. tiog ✧ Ety/TIW
toka- > toga- Vk > Vg ᴹ√TUK > Ilk. toga ✧ Ety/TUK
mapa > maba Vp > Vb ᴹ✶mapā > Ilk. mâb ✧ Ety/MAP
atar > adar Vt > Vd ᴹ✶atar > Ilk. adar ✧ Ety/ATA
atwa > adwa Vt > Vd ᴹ√AT(AT) > adu > Ilk. ado ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
-t- > -d- Vt > Vd ᴹ✶-kj- > Ilk. -d- ✧ PE19/23
gat > gad Vt > Vd ᴹ√GAT(H) > Dor. gad ✧ Ety/GAT(H)
gōta- > gōda- Vt > Vd ᴹ✶wahtā- > Ilk. gōda- ✧ Ety/WAƷ
gōte > gōde Vt > Vd ᴹ✶wahtē > Ilk. gōd ✧ Ety/WAƷ
utuvno > uduvno Vt > Vd ᴹ✶Utubnu > Ilk. Uduvon ✧ Ety/TUB