S. medial [s] became [θ] before [l], [r]; [Vs{lr}] > [Vθ{lr}]
Medial s became th (þ or [θ]) before liquids l and r in both Sindarin and Noldorin, as noted by David Salo (GS/§4.144). There are examples in both Sindarin and Noldorin:
One interesting case is N. Cílu < ᴹ✶χīsislōmē (PE21/32). Here it seems the intervocalic [s] became [h] so that after short vowels vanished before morpheme boundaries the result was the cluster [hsl]. This cluster either inhibited or masked the sound change [sl] > [θl], so that the result was [kīlu] after [h] vanished after vowels.
Conceptual Developments: This sound change dates back to the Gnomish of the 1910s, as pointed out by Roman Rausch in his Historical Phonology of Goldogrin (HPG/§2.5). A couple of representative examples:
Order (05500)
After | 04100 | nasals vanished before spirantal clusters | ᴹ✶la(n)sro-ndo > N. lhathron | Ety/LAS² |
After | 05400 | middle consonants frequently vanished in clusters | ᴹ√LOD
>
othlond > N. othlon ᴹ√LUS > N. lothren |
Ety/LOD EtyAC/LUS |
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Phonetic Rule Elements
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Phonetic Rule Examples
kasrae > kaθrae | Vsr > Vθr | ✶karrai > ...rāye > ...raiya > S. cathrae | ✧ PE22/159 |
kasrae > kaθrae | Vsr > Vθr | ✶cas-raya > S. cathrae | ✧ VT42/12 |
N. medial [s] became [θ] before [l], [r]; [Vs{lr}] > [Vθ{lr}]
Order (04900)
After | 03800 | nasals vanished before spirantal clusters | ᴹ✶la(n)sro-ndo > N. lhathron | Ety/LAS² |
After | 04800 | middle consonants frequently vanished in clusters | ᴹ√LOD
>
othlond > N. othlon ᴹ√LUS > N. lothren |
Ety/LOD EtyAC/LUS |
Before | 05600 | [mb], [nd] became [mm], [nn] | ᴹ√LOD > othlond > N. othlon | Ety/LOD |
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Phonetic Rule Elements
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Phonetic Rule Examples
oslond > oθlond | Vsl > Vθl | ᴹ√LOD > othlond > N. othlon | ✧ Ety/LOD |
l̥asra- > l̥aθra- | Vsr > Vθr | ᴹ√LAS² > N. lhathro | ✧ Ety/LAS² |
l̥asrond > l̥aθrond | Vsr > Vθr | ᴹ✶la(n)sro-ndo > N. lhathron | ✧ Ety/LAS² |
losren > loθren | Vsr > Vθr | ᴹ√LUS > N. lothren | ✧ EtyAC/LUS |
osrond > oθrond | Vsr > Vθr | ᴹ√OS > N. othrond | ✧ Ety/ROD |
G. [s] became [θ] before [l], [r], [w]; [s{rlw}] > [θ{rlw}]
Order (05800)
Before | 05900 | initial [θ] sometimes became [f] before [l], [r], [w] |
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Phonetic Rule Elements
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Phonetic Rule Examples
mbosli > mboθli | sl > θl | ᴱ✶mᵇāsḷ > G. bothli | ✧ GL/23 |
sloss > θloss | sl > θl | ᴱ√thol- > G. thloss | ✧ GL/73 |
etlin > eθlin | tl > θl | ᴱ✶etḷ- > G. ethl(in) | ✧ GL/33 |