S. [ð] vanished before nasals at morpheme boundaries; [ð{mnŋ}] > [ø{mnŋ}]

S. [ð] vanished before nasals at morpheme boundaries; [ð{mnŋ}] > [ø{mnŋ}]

For both Sindarin and Noldorin, in compounds where a voiced dental spirant [ð] came in contact with a nasal after various vowel losses in compounds, the [ð] vanished, as noted by David Salo (GS/§4.119). There are several examples in both Sindarin and Noldorin:

The last example is the clearest demonstration of this change. The examples Hele(ð)vorn and Golo(ð)vir seem to hint that the loss of [ð] occurred after the change of m > v, but I think this was simply notational convenience on Tolkien’s part, indicating there used to be a [ð] that was lost earlier.

In notes related to The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor from the end of the 1960s, Tolkien indicated that [ð] survived before [m]: “tm, dm > ðm, later > ðv, ðw” (VT42/26). There is a couple of example of this development in notes from 1969: ✶khadmā > chaðw > haðw “seat”, along with the similarly derived verb haðwa “to seat” (PE22/148). Since these examples occur in the late 1960s, this could be a conceptual change. However, these examples of dm > ðw occurs in the interior of a word, while the examples of ð-loss above occur in compounds, so it is possible that ð-loss is conditioned by environment (e.g. at morpheme boundaries). Compare this to the vanishing of nasals at morpheme boundaries.

Conceptual Developments: The examples G. bridh(n)ir “queen” (GL/24) and G. goredhnir “cousin (f.)” (GL/41) indicates this change did not occur in Gnomish. There aren’t enough examples in the Early Noldorin of 1920s to figure out whether or not this sound change occurred at that conceptual stage.

Order (04700)

After 03600 short vowels vanished before morpheme boundaries Gala(da)ndil > S. Gelennil
ᴹ✶Eledandore > Eleðndor > N. Elennor
PE21/83
Ety/ELED
Before 05800 middle consonants frequently vanished in clusters Gala(da)ndil > S. Gelennil PE21/83

Phonetic Rule Elements

[ðm] > [m]
[ðn] > [n]
[ðŋ] > [ŋ]

Phonetic Rule Examples

heleðmorn > helemorn ðm > m Kh. kheled > S. Hele(ð)vorn ✧ PE17/37
geleðndil > gelendil ðn > n Gala(da)ndil > S. Gelennil ✧ PE21/83

N. [ð] vanished before nasals; [ð{mnŋ}] > [ø{mnŋ}]

GS/§4.119 @@@

Order (03900)

After 03100 short vowels vanished before morpheme boundaries ᴹ✶Eledandore > Eleðndor > N. Elennor Ety/ELED
Before 04800 middle consonants frequently vanished in clusters ᴹ✶Eledandore > Eleðndor > N. Elennor Ety/ELED

Phonetic Rule Elements

[ðm] > [m]
[ðn] > [n]
[ðŋ] > [ŋ]

Phonetic Rule Examples

goloðmir > golomir ðm > m ᴹ√MIR > N. Golovir ✧ Ety/ÑGOLOD
eleðndor > elendor ðn > n ᴹ✶Eledandore > Eleðndor > N. Elennor ✧ Ety/ELED