S. Caradhras loc. “Redhorn”
Sindarin name of a peak in the Misty Mountains translated “Redhorn”, itself a translation of Kh. Barazinbar of the same meaning (LotR/283). This name is a combination of caran “red” and rass “horn”, with the dh appearing because [nr] became [ðr] in the phonological history of Sindarin (LotR/1113, PE17/36).
Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, Tolkien first considered and rejected the names N. Bliscarn and N. Carnbeleg before settling on N. Taragaer “Ruddyhorn” (RS/419, 433), with Taragaer also appearing in The Etymologies (Ety/TARÁK). In these early drafts, Tolkien also considered the names N. Caradras and Rhascaron (RS/433), and he eventually switched to Caradras >> Caradhras (TI/166), keeping the final name thereafter.
References ✧ LotR/283, 1113; LotRI/Barazinbar, Caradhras, Redhorn; PE17/35-36; PE21/86; RC/266; RSI/Caradras, Taragaer; SA/caran, ras; SDI1/Caradhras; TI/166, 174; TII/Caradras; UTI
Glosses
Variations
Elements
| caran | “red” | |
| rass | “horn” | ✧ SA/ras (ras) |
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| S. caran-rass > Caradhras | [karanrass] > [karaðrass] > [karaðras] | ✧ LotR/1113 |
| S. caran-rass > Caradhras | [karanrass] > [karaðrass] > [karaðras] | ✧ PE17/36 |
| S. caran-rass > Caradhras | [karanrass] > [karaðrass] > [karaðras] | ✧ SA/caran |
| S. caran-rass > Caradhras | [karanrass] > [karaðrass] > [karaðras] | ✧ TI/174 |
N. Caradras loc. “Redhorn”
References ✧ Ety/DEN, RAS; LRI/Caradras, Taragaer; PMI/Barazinbar, Caradras; RS/433, 462; RSI; TI/166; TII
Glosses
Variations
Changes
Elements
| caran | “red” | ||
| rhas | “horn [of both animals and mountains]” | ✧ Ety/RAS | |
| ᴹ√KARAN | “red” | ✧ Ety/RAS (KARÁN) | |
Element In
Cognates
N. Rhascaron loc. “Redhorn”
Earlier name of Caradhras “Redhorn” in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (RS/433). Its elements were reversed, with rhas “horn” first and caran “red” second.
References ✧ RS/433; RSI
Variations
Elements
| rhas | “horn [of both animals and mountains]” |
| caran | “red” |
N. Taragaer loc. “Ruddyhorn”
Earlier name of Caradhras “Redhorn” in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (RS/419). It also appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s as a combination of tarag “horn” and goer “red” (Ety/TARÁK).
References ✧ Ety/TARÁK; LRI; RS/419, 433; RSI
Glosses
Changes
Elements
| tarag | “horn; steep mountain peak” | ✧ Ety/TARÁK | |
| goer | “red, copper-coloured, ruddy” | soft-mutation | |
| ᴹ√GAY | “*red, copper-coloured, ruddy” | ✧ Ety/TARÁK | |
N. Carnbeleg loc. “Ruddyhorn”
Earlier (rejected) name of Caradhras “Redhorn” in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (RS/433). It seems to be a combination of caran “red” and beleg “mighty”, as suggested by Roman Rausch (EE/1.12).
References ✧ RS/433; RSI
Glosses
Changes
Elements
| caran | “red” |
| beleg | “great, large” |