Q. [u]

Q. [u]

References ✧ LotR/1115-1116; PE17/124, 137; PE19/77, 94, 98; VT48/28

Variations

Element In

Phonetic Development

Q. nasals and liquids often became syllabic after a consonant mul < ml ✧ PE19/98 (ml > mul)
AQ. syllabic nasals developed a preceding vowel of similar quality umb- < ṃb- ✧ PE17/124 (*ṃ- > um)
AQ. syllabic nasals developed a preceding vowel of similar quality uŋgw- < ŋ̣gw- ✧ PE17/124 ([ŋ̣]gw > uŋ[gw]); PE19/77 (*ŋ̣gw- > *uŋgw-)
AQ. [j], [w] often reduced between vowels uo < owo ✧ PE17/137 (owo > uo); VT48/28 (owo > uo)
AQ. [β], [ɣ] vocalized before voiced consonants Vuw < Vɣw ✧ PE19/94 (ʒ > u̯; before w)

ᴹQ. [u]

Element In

ᴱQ. [u]

References ✧ PE12/9-10, 12-13, 20, 24; PE14/41

Variations

Element In

Phonetic Development

ᴱQ. [β] became [u] before consonants and finally VuC < VβC ✧ PE12/24 (ƀ + consonant > u̯)
ᴱQ. [β] became [u] before consonants and finally -u < -β ✧ PE12/24 (ƀ final > u)
ᴱQ. short syllabic [ḷ] became [il], or [ul] before labials ulkʷ < ḷkʷ ✧ PE12/10 (ḷ short + q > ul)
ᴱQ. short syllabic [ḷ] became [il], or [ul] before labials ulp < ḷp ✧ PE12/10 (ḷ short + p > ul)
ᴱQ. short syllabic [ṇ] became [a] + homorganic nasal, [i] before palatals or [u] before labials uŋCʷ < ṇCʷ ✧ PE12/10 (short nasals + q > uȵ)
ᴱQ. [jǝ], [wǝ] became [je], [wo] after a vowel owo < owǝ ✧ PE12/13 (ou̯ǝ́ > uó)
ᴱQ. [j], [w] became [i], [u] after a vowel Vu < Vw ✧ PE12/20 (w̑ > u)
ᴱQ. [ou] became [u] before [e] and [o], but [o] before [i] and [a] ue < oue ✧ PE12/12 (óu̯e > ue (oa)); PE12/13 (ou̯é > ué (oá))
ᴱQ. [ou] became [u] before [e] and [o], but [o] before [i] and [a] uo < ouo ✧ PE12/12 (óu̯o > uo); PE12/13 (ou̯ó > uó)