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AS¹ root. “warmth”

AS¹ root. “warmth”

A root appearing in several sets of etymological notes from 1957 glossed “warmth” and forming the basis for Q. árë “sunlight, warmth” (PE17/148). This is further supported by the archaic form †ázë for this word (LotR/1123), with intervocalic [s] > [z] > [r] as usual. The form Âs was also mentioned as an ancient name for the Sun in some Silmarillion notes (MR/380). At one point Tolkien connected this root to S. Asfaloth which he translated as “Sunlit Foam” (PE17/18); he then rejected this derivation saying the root form was actually √GAS, but since the ancient form was given as √AS in several other places, perhaps he changed his mind.

References ✧ MR/380; MRI/Âs, Asa; PE17/18, 145, 148, 153; SA/arien; VT43/18

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ᴹ√AR¹ root. “day”

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “day” with various derivatives like ᴹQ. are, N. aur “day” and ᴹQ. arin “morning” (Ety/AR¹). In Tolkien’s later writings, the Quenya word for “day” became aurë (RC/727; S/190), and in 1957 Quenya Notes he devised a new etymology for these day-words from the root √UR “heat” as in ✶auri “heat, period of sun” (PE17/148). That opens the question whether the various 1930s Quenya “morning” words from ᴹ√AR remain valid, but many Neo-Quenya writers (including me) retain them since there aren’t really any good alternatives. They might be salvageable as derivatives of the later root √AS “warmth” (so that “day” = “hot” and “morning” = “warm”).

References ✧ Ety/ANA¹, AR¹, TUY

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ᴱ√AWA root. “burn; be parched, yellow, warm”

A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “burn; be parched, yellow, warm” with derivatives having to do with warmth, sunlight and summer (QL/33; GL/20). For the purposes of Neo-Eldarin, it is probably better to use later roots like √UR “heat” or √AS “warmth”.

References ✧ QL/33

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