Middle Primitive Elvish Words

a pron. “indefinite subject” see ga
-ā suf. “present suffix”
a-¹ pref. “complete”
a-² pref.
abāro n. “refuser, one who does not go forth”
abtā- v. “to go away”
adnō n. “gate”
ai adv. “possibility”
aı̯an- adj. “holy”
aikwā adj. “tall, steep”
ailin n. “pool, lake”
akkala- v. “to blaze, shine (suddenly and) brilliantly”
akrā adj. “narrow”
aktō n. “artificer, maker, wright”
al pref. “without”
ala- pref. “very”
alakanda n.
alakarƀǝ adj. “very active”
álākō n. “rush, rushing flight, wild wind”
alarʒǝ adj. “very dread”
alā́ri n. “bliss”
alar-si interj. “hail!”
alkwā n. “swan”
amba- adv.
ambar n.
amƀus n. “breast”
amī̆l n. “mother”
ammat- v. “to devour”
amtā n. “jaws, animal’s mouth”
Anār n. “Sun”
andā adj. “long”
andambundā adj. “long-snouted”
andọl n. “long pole”
angā n.
angosse n. “horror”
ankā n. “jaw, row of teeth”
añkal- v. “to blaze” see akkala-
aññol- n. see oññol-
anta- v. “to give, present”
arān n.
(a)ranyā adj. “free, ?uncontrolling”
arʒā adj. and n. “dread”
ari n. “day”
askarā adj. “tearing, hastening”
asmalē n. “yellow bird, ‘yellow hammer’”
asmalindē n. “yellow bird, ‘yellow hammer’”
-asta suf. “collective plural”
atakwē n. “construction, building”
atalat- v. “slip right down, collapse, fall to ruin”
atar n. “father”
atta num. card. “two”
atū n. “father”
atyēnar n. “anniversary day”
au adv. “wish or supposition known to be unreal”
auluta- v. “[unglossed]”
azya pron.
-bā suf.
-ba suf. “genitival adjective”
bad- v. “to judge”
bād- n. “judgement”
balā adj. and n. “powerful; Power, God”
Bale n.
bányā adj. “beautiful”
Baradā adj. “lofty, sublime”
barasā adj. “hot, burning”
barnā adj.
baryā- v. “to protect”
batā̆ n. “beaten track, pathway”
battā v. “trample”
bedū n.
belē n. “strength”
bélekā adj. “mighty, huge, great”
berékā adj. “wild”
berō n. “valiant man, warrior”
bérya- v. “to dare”
besnō n. “husband”
bessē n. “wife”
bestā n. “matrimony”
besū n. “husband and wife, married pair”
beurō n. “follower, vassal”
beuyā- v. “follow, serve”
-b(iy)ē suf. “-ing”
boron- v.
b’randā adj. “lofty, noble, fine”
b’rássē n. “heat”
b’rekta v. “break out suddenly”
b’rethā n. “beech-mast”
b’rittē n. “broken stones, gravel”
b’rōnā adj.
buzbō n. “large fly”
-d suf. “allative”
dagdā n. “pit”
dagwe ?
daʒrā adj. “great, large”
daiō n. “shade, shadow cast by any object”
danta- v.
dattā n. “hole, pit”
dēr n. “man”
dimbā adj. “sad, gloomy”
dimbē n. “gloom, sadness”
doʒmē n.
dōmi n. “night, twilight, gloom”
dōmilindē n. “nightingale”
d’rāk n.
e pron. “he, she, it”
edel- n. “Star-folk, Elf”
edēlā n. “firstborn, eldest”
edenā adj. “first”
ednōno n. “firstborn”
eʒ- v. “to be”
ektel- v. “to gush”
ektele n. “spring, issue of water”
ektelu- v. “to well, bubble up, gush forth”
#eledā n. “Star-folk, Elf”
en adv. “yonder”
eñma ?
ent adv. “over there”
epe prep. “after”
eredē n. “seed”
erekwa adj. “isolated”
eremaloitē adj.
et prep. “out, forth”
ete adv. “back, below”
etkat- v. “to fashion”
et-kelē n. “spring, issue of water”
etkoitu- v. “to bud, open (of flowers and leaves)”
et-kuiwē n. “awakening”
etsiri n. “mouth of a river”
ettul- v. “to come out”
-eye suf. “feminine suffix”
ezdē n. “rest”
farā- v.
ga pron. “indefinite subject”
gais- v. “to dread”
gaisrā adj. “dreadful”
galā- v. “to grow”
gālæ n. “light”
galadā n. “tree”
galyā adj. “bright, light”
garta n. “hide, leather”
gāsa n. “void”
gassā n. “hole, gap”
gattā n. “cavern”
geiā adv. “ever”
gilya n. “star”
glā n. “radiance”
glamba n. “shouting, din”
glisi n. “honey”
golā- v. “to grow”
golbā n. “branch”
#gondō n. “stone, rock”
gor n. “vigour”
gū̆- interj. “no, not”
gwar- pref. “other, different”
gyernā adj. “old, worn, decrepit (of things)”
ha pron. “abstract subject”
hamwa n. “chair”
hō n. “shout”
hyōlā n. “trump”
ʒō prep. “partitive; away from, from among”
-i suf. “aorist suffix”
ī article. “the”
īdē n. “heart, desire, wish”
idrē n. “thoughtfulness”
ilpirin adj. “immortal”
-ina suf. “adjective”
indo n. “mood, heart”
ing adj. “*first”
ista- v. “to know”
istāyā adj. “learned”
Ithil n. “moon”
-(i)yē suf. “perfect suffix”
-iyē suf. “gerund, -ing”
-jĕ suf. “subjunctive affix”
#kab- v.
kaima n. “bed”
kaire n. “flat isle on a river”
kalaryā adj. “brilliant”
kalat n. “light”
kalrō n. “noble man, hero”
kalrondō n. “hero”
kaltwa ? “[unglossed]”
kalumalanda n.
kalumalō n.
kambā n.
kandā adj. and n. “bold”
kantaya adj. “shapely”
kar- v.
karanā́ adj. “ruddy, scarlet”
karani adj. “red”
karƀǝ adj. “active”
karpalimā n.
kartastā n.
kas n. “head”
kasma n.
kassa n.
kast adv. “towards the top”
kat- v. “to shape”
katal n. “carving tool”
katwā adj. “shaped, formed”
katwārā adj. “shapely”
ke pron. “thou, thee”
kelu- v. “to flow, well up”
kelun n. “river”
kelutā- v. “to cause to flow out”
kēm n. “*earth”
khagdā n. “heap, pile, (piled) mound”
khaimē n. “custom, habit”
khalatirnō̆ n. “fish watcher”
khalnā adj. “noble, exalted”
khaustā n. “rest-ing”
khe¹ pron. “we (inclusive)” see we
khe² pron. “they”
khe³ pron. “he, she, it [yet another]”
khīmā adj. “sticky, viscous”
khīthi n. “mist, fog”
khithme n. “fog”
khithwa adj.
khōn n. “heart”
khotsē n. “assembly”
khrassē n. “precipice”
khugan n. “hound”
khyelesē n. “glass”
kiryā n. “ship”
kiryaktō n. “shipwright”
kiukā n. “thigh”
k’lā n. “light”
kōmā n. “[unglossed]”
kornā adj. “round, globed”
kotse n.
kott- n. “quarrel”
k’rannā adj. “ruddy (of face)”
k’rikta- v. “reap”
krumbā adj. “*left”
krumbē n. “*left hand”
kuʒnā adj. “bowed, bow-shaped, bent”
kuilez n. “quiet”
kukūwā n. “dove”
kuldā adj. “red”
#kundū n.
kuu̯ n. “bow”
*kwantā adj. “full”
kwatnā adj. “entire, complete, whole”
kwelēnē n.
kwelett- n. “corpse”
kwendya adj.
kwǣnē n. “small gull, petrel”
kwenedē n. “Elf”
kwentā n. “tale”
kwentrō n. “narrator, reciter, minstrel”
kwessē n. “feather”
kwetta n. “word”
kwingā n. “bow (for shooting)”
kye pron. “thou, thee” see ke
kyul(u)mā n. “mast” see tyulmā
-l suf. “plural verb” see -r
la- pref. “no, not, negative prefix”
labdā n. “licking up (food or drink), gluttonous eating”
lāda adj. “flat”
lai- pref. “*many”
laibē n. “ointment”
laikā adj. “keen, sharp, acute”
laikwā adj. “fresh”
laire n. “long lay”
lakra adj. “swift, rapid”
#lamanǝ n.
lambe n.
la(n)srondo n. “hearer, listener, eavesdropper”
lassē¹ n. “leaf”
lassē² n. “ear”
lassekwelēne n. “leaf-fading”
#lastā- v.
lătĭna adj. “flat (and wide)”
lauka adj. “warm”
laurē n. “light of the golden tree Laurelin”
le pron. “you (polite)”
lebnā adj. “left behind”
lepenar n. “week”
lep(e)ne n. “five”
lepti n.
-lī suf. “partitive”
lī n. “number”
libda n. “soap”
ligā n. “fine thread, spider filament”
lindā adj. “sweet sounding”
#lindē n. “*singing”
#lindō n. “singer”
liñwi n. “fish”
lisge n. “reed”
litse n. “sand”
lokko n. “ringlet”
londē n. “narrow path, strait, pass”
lopō n. “rabbit”
lopōtundu n. “rabbit hole”
lubbu n. “a clumsy piece or lump”
lugni adj. “blue”
lūme n. “time”
lungā adj. “heavy”
*-m suf. “ancient plural formation”
-mā suf. “passive suffix, the result of a processs”
mā n. “land”
madlī n. “honey-eater”
magā n. “hand”
magnā adj. “skilled”
magrā adj. “useful, fit, good (of things)”
magyā n.
mahtā- v. “to handle, stroke, feel; to deal with, wield, treat”
māʒ n. “hand”
maʒiti adj. “handy, skilled”
maʒtā- v. “to handle, stroke, feel”
maita- v. “to feed”
makla n. “sword”
maktā- v. “to fight”
mālō n. “friend”
mandale n.
mandalē n.
manō n. “departed spirit”
mapā n. “hand”
mardasē adv. “at home”
mart adv. “homewards”
mat- v. “to eat”
matna n. “food”
mauy- v. “need (impersonal)”
mazgā adj. “soft, pliant”
mazgē n. “dough”
mazgō n. “sticky substance, mire”
mbād- n. “judgement, sentence”
mbakhā n. “article (for exchange), ware, thing”
mbanda n. “duress, prison”
mbandō n. “doomsman, judge”
#mbar- v. “to dwell”
ṃbárt- n.
#mbundā adj. “snouted”
mbundu n. “snout, nose; cape [of land]”
me pron. “we (exclusive)”
melā- v. “to love”
-mē̆n suf. “instrumental, with (which)”
metta n. “end”
minitunda n. “isolated hill, tower”
miniya adj. “single, distinct, unique”
mitra adj. “small”
-m(iy)ē suf. “-ing”
mizdā adj. “wet”
mizdē n.
mōl n. “slave, thrall”
mori adj. “black”
mǭri n. “blackness, dark, night”
morikwende n. “Dark-elf”
morókō n. “bear”
mrekyā adj. “wild, fierce”
-nā suf. “adjective”
nakma n. “jaw”
nakse n. “tooth”
nakt- n. “biting”
narāka adj. “rushing, rapid, violent”
narwā adj. “fiery red”
‽natsai n.
nauthe n. “imagination”
nāyǝ n. “lament”
#ndagta- v.
#ndak- v.
ndākō n. “warrior, soldier”
ndē̆- pref. “in, inside”
ndǣr n. “bridegroom”
ndḗro n. “bridegroom”
ndeuna adj. “second”
ndeuro n. “follower, successor”
ndīse n. “bride”
#-ndō suf. “agental suffix”
ndorē n. “land, dwelling-place, region where certain people live”
ndulla adj. “dark, dusky, obscure”
ndulna adj. “secret”
ndūne n. “west”
ṇdūnē n. “sunset”
-nē suf. “past suffix”
ne pron. “I, me”
nē adv. “was; then, ago”
nĕ suf. “?genitive”
negdē n.
neinē n. “tear”
neiniel- adj. “tearful”
neiti adj. “moist, dewy”
nē̆n n. “water”
nendā adj. “watery, wet”
nengǝ n. “beak, nose”
nenle n. “brook”
neñrē n. “tear, weeping”
neñwi n. “nose”
nēthē n. “youth”
nethrā adj. “young”
ngalambe n. “barbarous speech”
ñgolda adj. “wise”
ñgolodō n. “gnome”
ngolwina adj. “wise, learned in deep arts”
ñgwalaraukō n.
ni pron. “I, me”
nī n. “woman”
nībe n. “front, face”
nidwō n. “bolster, cushion”
#NIM v. “to seem”
ninkwerita- v.
ninkwi adj. “white, pale”
ninkwitā- v. “to make white (or pale), whiten”
nī̆s n. “woman”
nō- ? “male”
-nō suf. “agent” see -rō¹
ñol- n. “smell”
ñōle n. “odour”
ñōn- n. “idea, thought”
not- v. “to count”
nte pron. “they, them”
nūrā adj. “deep”
nut- v. “to tie”
nyadrō n. “rat”
ṇ̃gwā̆le n. “torture”
ṇ̃kwalē n. “death agony”
oiyā adj. “everlasting”
oktā n. “strife, war”
olro- v. “to dream”
olsa- v. “to dream”
ōmata- v. “to eat away, devour, corrode”
oññol- n. “strong smell”
on-rō adv. “*for the very same reason”
onrō n.
ontā́ro n. “begetter, parent”
orku n. “goblin”
ornē n. “(high) tree”
orta- v. “to rise”
ortā- v. “to raise”
ortur- v. “master, conquer”
-owo suf. “masculine suffix”
panda ?
panō n. “plank, fixed board (especially in a floor)”
pantā adj. “open”
parkā adj. “dry”
parmā n. “book”
pathmā n. “level place, sward”
pathnā adj. “smooth”
patnā adj. “wide”
pē n. “mouth, lips”
peltakse n. “pivot”
pheren n. “beech-tree”
philínkē n.
phoroti adj. “right or north”
phuine n. “night, deep shadow, nightshade”
poikā adj. “clean, pure”
pori n. “flour, meal”
-r suf. “plural verb”
rāba adj. “wild, untamed”
ragnā adj. “crooked”
rakmē n. “fathom”
rāmā n. “wing”
rāmalē n. “pinion, great wing (of an eagle)”
rambā n. “wall”
ramna n. “wing (horn), extended point at side”
ramya- v. “to fly, sail; to wander”
randā n. “cycle, age (100 Valian Years)”
ranku n. “arm”
ratā n. “path, track”
rattā̆ n. “course, river-bed”
rāu n. “lion”
rē- ? “female”
reddā n. “‘sown’, sown field, acre”
rīgē n. “crown”
rimbā adj. “frequent, numerous”
rimbē n. “crowd, host”
rinki n. “flourish, quick stroke”
risse- n. “a ravine”
rista- v. “cut”
-rō¹ suf. “agent”
-rō² suf. “-reason”
rǭda n. “cave”
rokkō n. “swift horse”
ronyō n. “‘chaser’, hound of chase”
rundā n. “rough piece of wood”
#runya n. “spoor, track, footprint”
ruskā adj. “brown”
-s pron. “I, me”
sa¹ pron. “demonstrative”
sa² pron. “abstract object”
sāba n. “*juice”
sagmā n. “poison”
sagrā adj. “bitter”
salakwē n. “*grass”
sambē n. “*chamber”
san(a) pron.
sangā n. “throng” see stangā
sarnā n. “of stone”
se pron. “they, them”
settā adj. “first”
sī̆/sē̆ pron. “she”
silimā adj. “silver, shining white”
silimē n. “light of Silpion, †silver”
sirya- v. “to flow smoothly”
skala n. “fish”
skalnā adj. “veiled, hidden, shadowed, shady”
skarnā adj. “wounded”
skarwē n. “wound”
skelmā n. “skin, fell”
skelnā adj. “naked”
skelta- v. “to strip”
skorā- v. “look out for, expect, wait for”
skyapat- n. “shoe”
slaiwā adj. “sickly, sick, ill”
slignē n. “spider, spider’s web, cobweb”
slindā adj.
slindi adj. “fine, delicate”
slingē n. “spider, spider’s web, cobweb” see slignē
slinyā adj. “lean, thin, meagre”
slīwē n. “sickness”
smāgā n. “soil, stain”
smagla n. and adj. “stain; stained”
smaldā n. “gold (as metal)”
smalinā adj. “yellow”
smalu n. “pollen, yellow powder”
smalwā adj. “fallow, pale”
soglā ?
solos n. “surf”
spāna n. “cloud”
spangā n. “beard”
sparā- v. “hunt, pursue”
spindē n. “tress, braid of hair”
spinē n. “larch”
-stā suf. “-ing”
stabnē n. “wooden post”
stabnō n. “carpenter, wright, builder”
stabrō n. “carpenter, wright, builder”
stalga adj. “stalwart, steady, firm”
stalgondō n. “hero, dauntless man”
stalrā adj. “steep, falling steeply (of river)”
stambē n. “room, chamber”
stangā n. “throng, crowd, press”
stankā n. “cleft, split”
starāna adj. “stiff, hard”
ste pron. “they, them (other)”
stegrā ?
sū̆/sō̆ pron. “masc., he”
suglu n. “goblet”
sukmā n. “drinking-vessel”
swanda n. “sponge, fungus”
swesta- v. “to puff”
syadā n.
syadnā adj. “compact, compressed”
syadsē n. “cleft, gash”
syadta n. “axe-stroke”
syalmā n. “shell, conch, horn of Ulmo”
syandā n. “a throng, crowd”
syandō n. “cleaver, sword, hewer”
syatsela n. “broadsword-blade, axe-blade”
-t suf. “dual ending”
-tā suf. “causatives from adjectives”
ta pron. “impersonal 3rd pl.; pronominal stem”
tad adv. “thither”
taʒna adj. “*high”
taikā adj. “steep, tall, deep”
tainā adj. “long”
takmā n. “thing for fixing”
taksē n. “nail, pin”
tāl n. “foot”
talam n. “floor, ground; ‘flet’, platform”
talat- v. “slip down”
talgarta n. “high boot”
talkō n. “craftsmen, wright”
talmā n. “foundation, basis, root”
talrunya n. “sole of foot”
talt adv. “downwards”
tambā- v. “to knock”
tamrō n. “woodpecker, knocker”
tan(a) pron.
tāna adj. “*high”
tanka adj. “firm”
tankāta- v. “to make firm”
tankla n. “brooch, clasp, pin”
tānniq n.
tanō n. “craftsman, smith”
tārā adj. “lofty”
targā adj. “tough, stiff”
tārī n. “queen”
tarkā n.
tār(ō) n. “king”
tatalat- v. “totter, keep on slipping”
tatharē n. “willow-tree”
taurā adj. “masterful, mighty”
taurē n. “great wood, forest”
tawar n. “wood (material)”
tawārē̆ n. “dryad, spirit of woods (f.)”
tawārō̆ n. “dryad, spirit of woods (m.)”
te¹ pron. “personal 3rd pl.”
te² pron. “him, her, it”
teʒē n. “path, course, line, direction, way”
tekla n. “pen”
tekmā n. “writing, grammar”
tekmē n. “letter, symbol, writing”
tekna n. “a letter”
télesā n. “rear”
telmē̆ n. “hood, covering”
telu- v. “to roof in”
telumē n. “vault, heaven”
telumēhtǝ n. “canopy”
tēñe n. “line, row”
tēra adj. “straight, right”
terēn(ē) adj. “slender”
terēwā adj. “piercing, keen”
ters- n. “fine pierced hole”
thā adv. “then, next”
thārō n. “saviour”
thaurēnā adj. “*fenced”
thausā adj. “foul, evil-smelling, putrid”
#thelese n. “*sister”
thērē n. “look, face, expression, countenance”
thindi adj. “pallid, grey, wan”
thu pron. “they, them (other dual)”
tinmē n. “spark, glint”
*tirnō̆ n. “watcher”
tiukā adj. “thick, fat”
tiukō n. “thigh”
tollo n. “island”
tōp- v. “to roof”
torōmā n. “[unglossed]”
tu pron. “they, them (dual)”
tū n. “strength”
tubnā adj. “deep”
tūgu n. “muscle, sinew; vigour, physical strength”
tui- v. “to grow fat, swell‽”
tuilē n. “spring (time)”
tuilelindō n. “spring-singer, swallow”
tuimā n. “a sprout, bud”
tul- v.
tulku n. “support, prop”
tultā- v. “make come”
tulukmē n. “support, prop”
tulyā- v. “to send hither”
tumbu n. “deep valley under or among hills”
tundā adj. “tall”
tundu¹ n. “hill, mound”
tundu² n. “hole”
tungā adj. “taut, tight; resonant (of strings)”
tupsē n. “thatch”
tūrē n. “mastery, victory”
tūrō suf. “master, victor, lord”
turumā n. “shield”
turumbē n. “shield”
tussā n. “bush”
tyalangando n. “harp-player, harper”
tyalyā- v. “to play”
tyulmā n. “mast”
tyulussē n. “poplar-tree”
ūbanō n. “monster”
ubrā adj. “abundant”
uklaina adj. “wicked”
ulda n. “torrent, mountain stream”
ulgundō n. “monster, deformed and hideous creature”
ulyā- v. “it is raining”
ūmanā adj. “wicked”
ungwē n. “gloom”
us(u)kwē n. “reek”
vaiā n. “sea”
vaianer n. “sailor”
wahsē n. “stain”
wahtā- v. “to soil, stain”
wahtē n. “a stain”
waʒrā adj. “soiled, dirty”
wān n. “goose”
wannā adj. “departed, dead”
wanōrō n. “one of kin”
wanta- v. “to depart, die”
wanwē n. “death”
wath n.
wāyā n. “envelope”
-wē suf. “abstract suffix”
we pron. “we (inclusive)”
wedā n. “bond”
wǣdē n. “bond, troth, compact, oath”
wedtā n. and vb. “contract”
wegō suf. “man; warrior”
wegtē n. “manhood”
weʒē n. “manhood, vigour”
wen- n. “girl”
wilwā n. “air, lower air”
wínda- v. “fade”
windı̯ā adj. “pale blue”
wingē n. “foam, crest of wave, crest”
winyē n. “evening”
wō̆- pref. “together”
-ya suf. “adjectival suffix”
-yā suf. “causatives from verbs”
yāba n. “fruit”
yābā̆-sūka n. “fruit drink, cider”
yagō n. “gulf”
yagwē n. “ravine, cleft, gulf”
yakta- n. “neck”
yan(a) pron.
yantā n. “yoke”
yat adv. “away, back there; ago”
yatmā n.
yatta prep. “across”
yē prep. “at”
yend n. “daughter”
yenpanta adj. “aged, long-lived”
yenrinde n. “year”
yondō n. “son”
yu conj.
-zē suf. “[feminine] agent”