Q. Utumno (*Utumnu-) loc. “Deep-hidden”
The first underground stronghold of Morgoth (S/36), translated as “Deep-hidden” and derived from the ancient form ✶Utupnu (MR/69). As pointed out by Helge Fauskanger (QQ/Utumno), this primitive form implies that its stem form is *Utumnu-.
Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, this name appeared as ᴱQ. Utumna (LT1/69), probably an elaboration of ᴱQ. tumna “dark or hidden” from the root ᴱ√TUM(B)U (LTA1/Utumna, QL/95). In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, it changed to ᴹQ. Utumno (LR/238), and this name also appeared in The Etymologies as a derivative of the root ᴹ√TUB from the ancient form ᴹ✶Utubnu (Ety/TUB). In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, Tolkien revised its derivation to the one given above (MR/69).
In The Silmarillion appendix (SA/tum), Christopher Tolkien connected this name to tumbo “deep valley”, but this is more consistent with the 1930s derivation from The Etymologies (ᴹ✶Utubnu < ᴹ√TUB “*deep”) than the later derivation from the 1950s (✶Utupnu < √TUP “cover over”). @@@ 1950s development reflects older phonetic-rule pn > bn rathern an pn > pt.
References ✧ MR/69; MRI/Udûn, Utumno; SA/tum; SI; WJI
Glosses
Elements
| tumbo | “deep vale, valley” | ✧ SA/tum |
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ✶Utupnŭ > Utumno | [utupnu] > [utupno] > [utubno] > [utumno] | ✧ MR/69 |
ᴹQ. Utumno (*Utumnu-) loc.
References ✧ Ety/TUB; LR/238; LRI; LT1I/Utumna; PE22/127; SDI2/Utumno; SM/240; SMI/Utumna
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴹ✶Utubnu > Utumno | [utubnu] > [utubno] > [utumno] | ✧ Ety/TUB |
| ᴹ√TUB > utumno | [utubno] > [utumno] | ✧ PE22/127 |
ᴱQ. Utumna loc. “lower regions”
References ✧ GL/74; LR/238; LRI/Utumno; LT1A/Tombo, Utumna; LT1I; PME/99; QL/99; SM/240; SMI
Glosses
Related
Changes
Elements
| tumna | “deep, profound, dark or hidden” | ✧ LT1A/Tombo; LT1A/Utumna |
Element In
Cognates