Q. Calaquendi coll. “Elves of the Light, (lit.) Light Elves”
This term was used for Elves who saw the light of the Two Trees in Valinor (S/53). Later the meaning was extended to include the Elves of Beleriand (the Sindar) who also opposed Morgoth (WJ/373). It is a compound of cala “light” and the plural form Quendi of the term Quendë “Elf” (WJ/361).
Conceptual Development: An early term ᴱQ. kalmar “child of day or light” form the 1910s (QL/44) seems to be the first precursor to this name, apparently replaced by ᴱQ. Kalmaliondo and ᴹQ. Kalion “Son of Light” from the 1920s and early 1930s (PE14/75, PE21/33). A similar term ᴹQ. Kalamor “Light-elves” appeared in a discussion of the branches of the Elves in the mid-1930s, along with ᴹQ. Kalaqendi (LR/197). Both these terms appeared in The Etymologies (Ety/KAL), though Christopher Tolkien incorrectly indicated that Kalamor was Noldorin rather than Quenya (EtyAC/KAL). Thereafter, only the term Calaquendi appeared, though it was sometimes spelled with a K.
References ✧ MR/169; MRI/Kalaquendi; PE18/74; S/53; SA/kal, quen; SI/Calaquendi, Eldar; WJ/361, 373, 375-376; WJI/Calapendi, Calben, Kalaquendi
Glosses
Variations
Elements
| cala | “light” | ||
| Quendë | “Elf, (lit.) One That Speaks” | plural | ✧ SA/quen (Quendi); WJ/361 |
| √KAL | “light; shine, be bright” | ✧ SA/kal | |
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ✶kala-kwendī > Kalaquendi | [kalakwendī] > [kalakwendi] | ✧ WJ/373 |
ᴹQ. Kalaqendi coll. “*Light Elves”
References ✧ Ety/KAL; LR/197; LRI; PE19/29
Glosses
Variations
Inflections
| Kalaqendi | plural | “Light-elves” | ✧ LR/197 |
Elements
| kala | “light” | ✧ Ety/KAL | |
| Qende | “Elf” | plural |
Element In
Cognates
ᴹQ. Kalamor coll. “Light-elves”
See Q. Calaquendi for further discussion.
References ✧ Ety/KAL; EtyAC/KAL; LR/197; LRI
Glosses
Changes
Elements
| kala | “light” | ✧ Ety/KAL | |
| #-mo | “agental suffix” | plural | ✧ Ety/KAL (#-mo) |
ᴹQ. Kalion pn. “Son of Light, Valinorian Elda”
The name ᴱQ. Kalmaliondo appeared in the Early Qenya Grammar (PE14/75), apparently a later variant of kalmar. It is a combination of kalma “light” and the patronymic suffix -ion, and illustrates how that suffix sometimes incorporates the pluralizer -li. In somewhat later writings from the early 1930s, this word appeared as kalion “Valinorian Elda, ‘son of light’” (PE21/33).
See Q. Calaquendi for further discussion.
References ✧ PE21/33, 36-37
Glosses
Variations
Inflections
| †[kali]ondyo | ablative; assimilated | ✧ PE21/36 |
| †[kali]onulo | ablative | ✧ PE21/36 |
| kaliondullo | ablative | ✧ PE21/37 |
| kalionda | accusative | ✧ PE21/37 |
| †[kali]ondata | allative | ✧ PE21/36 |
| †[kali]onta | allative; assimilated | ✧ PE21/36 |
| kaliondanta | allative | ✧ PE21/37 |
| kaliondonta | allative | ✧ PE21/37 |
| kaliondanen | instrumental | ✧ PE21/37 |
| ††[kali]onwen | instrumental | ✧ PE21/36 |
| kalion | nominative | ✧ PE21/37 |
| kalionduva | possessive | ✧ PE21/37 |
| kaliondanon | similative | ✧ PE21/37 |
Elements
| ᴹ✶k’lā | “light” | ✧ PE21/37 (kalĭ) |
| ᴹ✶yondō | “son” | ✧ PE21/37 (ı̯ondō) |
ᴱQ. Kalmaliondo pn. “Son of Light”
References ✧ PE14/75
Variations
Inflections
| Kalmaliondi | plural | “sons of Light” | ✧ PE14/75 |
Elements
| kalma | “(day)light; candle” | |
| -ion | “-son” | ✧ PE14/75 (-iond-) |