ᴹQ. -llume suf. “time” (Category: Quantity and Number (other))
A suffix meaning “time” or “times”. In the Early Qenya Grammar (EQG) of the 1920s, -llume meant “times”, as in ᴱQ. yullume “twice [two times]” or ᴱQ. nellume “*three times” (PE14/51, 84). It was also use in multiplicative expressions, such as ᴱQ. hue yullume i hualqe “nine twice is eighteen” [I would render this nerte yullume (ná) tolque in Tolkien’s later numbering system].
In Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948, Tolkien used -llume to mean “time”, as in ᴹQ. mallume “at what time” = “*when” and ᴹQ. umallume “some time” (PE23/109-110). There are indications it could be used this way in Tolkien’s later writings as well, such as illumë “always”, allumë “never”, and yallumë “in times when”, all from the 1950s (VT44/09; CPT/1296-97). But note silumë “now, at this time” and talumë “at that time” from the 1960s with a single l (VT49/11); compare these to ᴹQ. sillume and ᴹQ. tallume from 1948 (PE23/110).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. -lukse “-times” under the early root ᴱ√LUHU with ᴱQ. attalukse “*twice” (QL/56), as opposed to later yullume.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I use -llume for “times” in words like yullume “twice, two times”, nellume “three, three times”, etc. For “-time” I use either -lume or -llume, mostly depending on which suffix Tolkien used.
References ✧ PE23/109-110
Glosses
Variations
Elements
| lúme | “time, hour” |
Element In
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴹ✶lūme > -n + lume > -llume | [-nlume] > [-llume] | ✧ PE23/109 |
ᴱQ. -llume suf. “-times” (Category: Quantity and Number (other))
References ✧ PE14/51, 84
Glosses
Elements
| lúme | “time” | ✧ PE14/51 |
Element In