S. lam¹ n. “(physical) tongue; language” (Category: Language)

S. lam¹, n. “(physical) tongue; language, ⚠️[G.] speech” (Category: Language)

References ✧ LotR/307; PE17/46; SA/quen; VT39/15; WJ/394

Glosses

• “language” ✧ WJ/394
• “physical tongue” ✧ WJ/394
• “tongue” ✧ PE17/46; VT39/15 (lam(m))

Variations

• lam ✧ PE17/46; WJ/394; WJ/394
• lam(m) ✧ VT39/15

Inflections

lammen	1st-sg-poss		✧ LotR/307
lammen	1st-sg-poss	“(of) my tongue”	✧ PE17/46
lammen	1st-sg-poss	“of my tongue”	✧ SA/quen

Element In

• ᴺS. !lamel “phonetics”
• ᴺS. !lamengolu “linguistics”
• ᴺS. !tallam “conlang”
• ᴺS. !úlam “dumb, unable to speak, (lit.) untongued”
• S. fennas nogothrim, lasto beth lammen “doorway of the Dwarf-folk listen to the word of my tongue” ✧ LotR/307; PE17/45
• S. Lammas “Account of Tongues”
• S. lammen “of tongue, spoken with tongue” ✧ PE17/46

Cognates

• Kh. aglâb “language” ✧ WJ/395
• Q. lamba “(physical) tongue” ✧ WJ/394
• Q. lambë “language, tongue, dialect” ✧ PE17/46; PE17/46 (lambenya); VT39/15; WJ/394
• T. lamba “physical tongue” ✧ WJ/394
• T. lambë “language” ✧ WJ/394

Derivations

• < ✶lambā “physical tongue” ✧ WJ/394
  • < √LAB “lick, move the tongue”
  • < ✶labmā “*(physical) tongue” ✧ WJ/416 (lab-mā)
• < ✶lambē “tongue, language, dialect” ✧ VT39/15; WJ/394
  • < √LAB “lick, move the tongue” ✧ VT39/15
  • < ✶labmē “*language” ✧ WJ/416 (lab-mē)

Phonetic Developments

✶lambē > lam(m)	[lambē] > [lambe] > [lamb] > [lamm] > [lamm] > [lam]	✧ VT39/15
✶lambē > lam	[lambē] > [lambe] > [lamb] > [lamm] > [lamm] > [lam]	✧ WJ/394
✶lambā > lam	[lambā] > [lamba] > [lamb] > [lamm] > [lamm] > [lam]	✧ WJ/394

N. lham(b) n. “tongue” (Category: Language)

References ✧ Ety/LAB; PE22/35

Glosses

• “tongue” ✧ Ety/LAB; PE22/35 (lham)

Variations

• lham(b) ✧ Ety/LAB
• lham ✧ PE22/35
• †lhamb ✧ PE22/35

Element In

• N. Lamben “Tongue”
• N. Lhammas “Account of Tongues, Linguistic History”
• N. Lhamthanc “Forked Tongue”

Cognates

• ᴹQ. lamba¹ “tongue” ✧ Ety/LAB

Derivations

• < ᴹ√LAB “lick” ✧ Ety/LAB
• < ᴹ✶lambe
  • < ᴹ√LAB “lick” ✧ Ety/ÑGAL

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√LAB > lham(b)

[lambe] > [lamb] > [l̥amb] > [l̥amb] > [l̥amm] > [l̥am]

✧ Ety/LAB

ᴱN. lham(b) n. “tongue” (Category: Language)

References ✧ PE13/120, 148

Glosses

• “tongue” ✧ PE13/148 (lhamb)

Variations

• lhamb ✧ PE13/148
• lham ✧ PE13/148

Related

• i·nglam is probably not historical, but developed to distinguish from i·lam “the tongue” ✧ PE13/120

Inflections

i·lam

soft-mutation; lh-mutation

“the tongue”

✧ PE13/120

Element In

• ᴱN. ballam “with evil malicious tongue”
• ᴱN. lamthanc “snake, *(lit.) forked tongue”
• ᴱN. orlham “dumb”

G. lam n. “tongue, speech” (Category: Language)

References ✧ GG/9; GL/17, 40, 53; LT2A/Eglamar; PE13/117; PE15/20, 23

Glosses

• “speech” ✧ PE15/20
• “tongue” ✧ GL/53; LT2A/Eglamar

Variations

• Lam ✧ GL/17; GL/40; GL/53; LT2A/Eglamar; PE13/117; PE15/20; PE15/23
• lăm ✧ GG/9

Inflections

in·lam	definite	✧ GG/9
†lambin	plural	✧ GL/53
lamin	plural	✧ GL/53

Element In

• G. i·Lam na·Ngoldathon “Goldogrin” di Sacthoðrin “*the Language of the Gnomes ‘Goldogrin’ [translated] into (Old) English” ✧ GL/17
• G. i·lam na·Nguilt “*the language of the Gnomes” ✧ PE13/117
• G. Lam Eglathon ✧ LT2A/Eglamar
• G. lam ’lisc “*flattering tongue” ✧ GL/40

Cognates

• ᴱQ. lambe “tongue of body but also occasionally of land or even = speech” ✧ LT2A/Eglamar

Derivations

• < ᴱ√LAVA “lick” ✧ LT2A/Eglamar