S. ogol adj. “bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)” (Category: Wrong)

S. ogol, adj. “bad, evil, wrong; gloom(y)” (Category: Wrong)

G. aulin “wrong”

G. cwarth “evil, bad, wicked”

ᴺS. !um “bad, evil”

References ✧ PE17/149, 170; PE18/88; VT48/32

Glosses

• “bad, evil, wrong” ✧ PE17/170
• “gloom(y)” ✧ PE18/88

Variations

• ogol ✧ PE17/149; PE17/170; PE18/88 (ᴸN. ogol); VT48/32
• ogl ✧ PE17/149

Inflections

egl	plural	✧ PE17/149
eigil	plural	✧ PE17/149
eigl	plural	✧ PE17/149

Element In

• ᴺS. !oglas “wickedness, *evil”

Cognates

• Q. olca “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/149; PE17/170; VT48/32
• Q. ulca “evil; dark, gloomy, sinister” ✧ PE17/149; PE18/88 (ulka)

Derivations

• < ✶oklā “bad, wicked” ✧ PE17/170
  • < √OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/170; VT43/24
• < √OKO “evil, wicked, bad” ✧ PE17/149; VT48/32
• < ✶uklā “gloom, gloomy” ✧ PE18/88 (ū̆k’la)
  • < ogl < ū̆k’la ✧ PE18/88
• < ✶ulka ✧ PE17/149 (‽UKLA)
  • < √UK “nasty” ✧ VT48/32 (‽uk)

Phonetic Developments

√OKO > ogol	[okla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE17/149
‽✶UKLA > ogl	[ukla] > [ukla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE17/149
✶oklā > ogol	[oklā] > [okla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE17/170
✶ū̆k’la > ogl > ogol	[ukla] > [ukla] > [okl] > [ogl] > [ogol]	✧ PE18/88

G. ulc adj. “bad, evil, wicked” (Category: Wrong)

References ✧ GL/20, 74; PE13/115

Glosses

• “bad” ✧ PE13/115 (olch); PE13/115 (ŷl/ul)
• “evil, bad, wicked” ✧ GL/74

Variations

• ulc ✧ GL/20; GL/74; GL/74
• olch ✧ PE13/115
• ulch ✧ PE13/115
• ŷl/ul ✧ PE13/115

Related

• aul “ill, badly” cp. ulc ✧ GL/20
• ul- “miss-, wrongly, ill, badly” cp. ulc ✧ GL/74

Changes

• ŷl/ul >> olch ✧ PE13/115

Element In

• G. ulcarm “sin” ✧ GL/74
• G. ulcoth “wickedness” ✧ GL/74

Cognates

• ᴱQ. ulka “evil; bad, wicked, wrong”

Derivations

• < ᴱ✶ulkā ✧ PE13/115
• < ᴱ√ULU² “*negative”