Q. parma n. “book, writing, composition, written document of some size” (Category: Book)

Q. parma, n. “book, writing, composition, written document of some size; ⚠️[ᴱQ.] skin, bark; parchment” (Category: Book)

ᴱQ. tecca “book”

ᴱQ. tectë “book”

References ✧ LotR/1122; PE17/77, 86, 91, 123, 156, 171, 180; PE18/101; PMCH/1; TMME/192; UTI/Parmaitë; VT49/39, 47

Glosses

• “*book” ✧ VT49/39
• “a book” ✧ PE17/91; PE17/156
• “a book (or written document of some size)” ✧ PE17/180
• “bark, parchment, book” ✧ PE17/171 (parma)
• “book” ✧ LotR/1122; PE17/77; PE17/86; PE17/123; UTI/Parmaitë
• “writing, composition, book” ✧ PE18/101

Variations

• parma ✧ LotR/1122; PE17/77; PE17/86; PE17/91; PE17/123; PE17/156; PE17/180; PE18/101; PMCH/1; TMME/192; UTI/Parmaitë; VT49/39; PE17/171 (parma)

Inflections

parmastanna	2nd-dual-poss allative	“on your (dual, of you both) book”	✧ VT49/47
parmanen	instrumental	“with a book”	✧ PE17/91
parmanen	instrumental	“by means of a book”	✧ PE17/180

Elements

√PAR¹	“learn; arrange, [ᴹ√] compose, put together”	✧ PE17/180; PE18/101
✶-mā	“instrumental suffix”	✧ PE17/180; PE18/101

Element In

• ᴺQ. !emmaparma “photo album, (lit.) picture-book”
• ᴺQ. !parmacas “bookcase”
• ᴺQ. !parmahto “author”
• ᴺQ. !parmalas(së) “page, (lit.) leaf of book”
• ᴺQ. !parmasan “library [room]”
• ᴺQ. !parmassë “literature, ⚠️library”
• ᴺQ. !parmaxë “spine (of a book)”
• ᴺQ. !quettaparma “wordlist, wordbook”
• ᴺQ. !remparma “memoirs, diary”
• ᴺQ. !tentaparma “recipe book, instruction book”
• ᴺQ. !toluparma “scroll, (lit.) roll-book”
• Q. antanen parma sen “I gave a book to him” ✧ PE17/91
• Q. antanenyes parmanen “I presented him with a book” ✧ PE17/91
• Q. apárien parmanen “I have learnt by means of a book” ✧ PE17/180
• Q. cesë parma “to look in a book” ✧ PE17/156
• Q. henta parma “to read a book” ✧ PE17/156
• Q. paranye parmanen “I am learning by means of a book” ✧ PE17/180
• Q. parmahenta- “*to read”
• Q. Parmaitë “*Book Handy” ✧ UTI/Parmaitë
• Q. Parmaquesta “Book-language”
• Q. #parma-resta “*book-fair” ✧ VT49/39 (parma-restalyanna)
• Q. parmatéma “p-series”
• Q. nai elen siluva parma-restalyanna meldonya “*may a star shine upon your book-fair, my friend” ✧ VT49/38
• Q. nai laurë lantuva parmastanna lúmissen tengwiesto “may (a) golden light fall on your book at the times of your reading” ✧ VT49/47
• Q. parmahentië “(book) reading” ✧ PE17/77
• Q. parma mittarion “*book of enterings” ✧ PMCH/1; TMME/192

Cognates

• T. parma “book”

Derivations

• < √PAR² “peel” ✧ PE17/86; PE17/171 (PAR)

Phonetic Developments

√PAR > parma	[parmā] > [parma]	✧ PE17/86
√PAR > parma	[parmā] > [parma]	✧ PE17/171

ᴹQ. parma n. “book” (Category: Book)

References ✧ Ety/PAR; EtyAC/PAR; PE18/51; PE21/8, 58-61; PE22/18-19, 22, 46, 50, 61, 63; PE23/95

Glosses

• “book” ✧ Ety/PAR; PE18/51; PE21/8; PE22/22; PE22/50; PE22/61

Variations

• parma ✧ Ety/PAR; EtyAC/PAR; PE18/51; PE21/8; PE22/22; PE22/50; PE22/61; PE23/95

Inflections

parmas	dative	✧ PE21/61; PE22/46
parmas	dative	✧ PE22/63: inflectional ending
parman	genitive	✧ PE21/58; PE21/61; PE22/18; PE22/19; PE22/46
parman	genitive	✧ PE22/63: inflectional ending
†parmaion	genitive plural	✧ PE21/59; PE21/60
parmaron	genitive plural	✧ PE21/59; PE21/60
parmai	plural	✧ PE21/60
parmar	plural	✧ PE22/46

Element In

• ᴹQ. parmaina “of books, literary”
• ᴹQ. Parma Kuluina “Golden Book”
• ᴹQ. Parmalambe “Book-tongue” ✧ Ety/PAR
• ᴹQ. Parmaqesta “Book-language”
• ᴹQ. parmatéma “p-series”
• ᴹQ. a·antanye parma “it gives me [a book]” ✧ PE23/95
• ᴹQ. ānta parma·nye “*it gives me a book” ✧ PE23/95
• ᴹQ. anyenanta parma “it gives me [a book]” ✧ PE23/95

Cognates

• N. parf “book” ✧ Ety/PAR
• ON. parma “book” ✧ Ety/PAR

Derivations

• < ᴹ✶parmā “book” ✧ Ety/PAR; PE18/51; PE21/61 (parmānĕ)
  • < parmān < parmānĕ ✧ PE21/61
  • < ᴹ√PAR “compose, put together, arrange” ✧ Ety/PAR

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶parmā > parma	[parmā] > [parma]	✧ Ety/PAR
ᴹ✶parmā > parma	[parmā] > [parma]	✧ PE18/51
ᴹ✶parmānĕ > parmān > parman	[parmāne] > [parmān] > [parman]	✧ PE21/61

ᴱQ. parma n. “skin, bark; parchment; book, writings” (Category: Book)

References ✧ LT2A/Parma Kuluinen; PE14/46; PE15/70; PE16/133; PME/72; QL/72

Glosses

• “book” ✧ PE14/46; PE15/70; PE16/133; PME/72
• “skin, bark; parchment; book, writings” ✧ LT2A/Parma Kuluinen
• “skin, bark; parchment; †book, writings” ✧ QL/72

Element In

• ᴱQ. i·kuluina parma “the golden book” ✧ PE14/46
• ᴱQ. Parma Kuluinen “Golden Book” ✧ LT2A/Parma Kuluinen; QL/72

Derivations

• < ᴱ√PARA “*peel” ✧ LT2A/Parma Kuluinen; QL/72

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ√PARA > parma

[parmā] > [parma]

✧ QL/72