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Q. #cir- v. (basic-verb) “to cut” (Category: to Cut)

Q. #cir-, v. (basic-verb) “to cut, [ᴱQ.] cleave; *to separate from” (Category: to Cut)
ᴱQ. #feng- “to cut”
ᴱQ. vilci- “to cut”

A verb for “to cut, cleave”. Its root √KIR is well established and has the same basic meaning (PE17/73; Ety/KIR). In notes for drafts of the Earendel (Poem) from around 1930, ᴱQ. kiri- was glossed “cleave” (PE16/100), and its past form was used in this sense in the finished version of the poem as part of the phrase langon veakiryo kírier “the throat of the sea-ship clove [the waters]” (MC/216). The best evidence for its meaning “cut” in later notes is in the pair of prefixed verbs aucir- and hócir- “cut off” in the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 (WJ/365, 368).

This verb also appeared in the versions of the Markirya poem from the 1960s in the phrase métima hrestallo círa “leave the last shore” (MC/221). Helge Fauskanger suggested that in this context it might mean “sail” as in “*cut through the water” (AL/Markirya, QQ/círa). However, I think the intended meaning is actually “leave = cleave (from)”, in combination with ablative hrestallo “[from] the last shore”.

Neo-Quenya: Based on the above, I think cir- has the connotation of “cut [completely]”, so as to cleave apart the thing cut, as opposed to rista- “cut [into]”. As such I think cir- can also be used metaphorically to mean “*separate from” when combined with the ablative.

References ✧ MC/221; WJ/365, 368

Inflections

kiri- aorist “cut” ✧ WJ/365; WJ/368
kíra present “leave” ✧ MC/221

Element In

Derivations


ᴱQ. kiri- v. “to cleave; *to sail” (Category: to Split)

References ✧ MC/216; PE16/56-57, 60, 100, 104

Glosses

Variations

Changes

Inflections

kirilde ?   ✧ PE16/57; PE16/60; PE16/60
kiryelle ?   ✧ PE16/57
kiirier past 3rd-sg-masc   ✧ PE16/104
kírier past 3rd-sg-masc “clove” ✧ MC/216; PE16/100
kiryinqe present infinitive   ✧ PE16/56
kiryinqen present infinitive   ✧ PE16/56

Element In

Derivations