A preposition appearing as tŏ in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969 with some difficult-to-read glosses, but apparently including “on” and “above” (PE22/168).

Conceptual Development: The preposition ᴹQ. to appeared in a sentence from around 1948 with the gloss “in”: ᴹQ. lairesse nihare to tarassi, yu unta hrívesse landannar “in the summer I live in the hills as a rule, and come down to the plains in the winter” (PE22/125), but this use of to might be a loose translation of “on”, since otherwise “hills” would just be in the locative. The preposition tó also appeared with a long ó in the second and third versions of the Löa Yucainen poem from the 1950s: ai tó sí ilyama menta hwirya hondoringe fúmenen istarion “Alas for now all begins to wither in the breath of cold-hearted wizards” (CPT/1297, 1298), but this use is harder to reconcile with to = “on, above”.

A similar preposition ᴱQ. tă “on, above” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√TAHA, and with a long vowel tā was an adverb meaning “high above, high up” (QL/87). In the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s, tá was again an adverb meaning “above”, but this was deleted (PE15/67). Elsewhere in this 1920s dictionary, ta was translated “beside, by, at side” (PE15/70) and “than” (PE15/78). In the contemporaneous Early Qenya Grammar this had the meaning “by, beside”, also used in comparisons where English would use “than” (PE14/48, 81).

Later to “on, above” might be a partial restoration of the 1910s meanings of ta.