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S. eithel n. “source, spring, well” (Category: Spring, Well)

S. eithel, n. “source, spring, well, [N.] issue of water, fountain” (Category: Spring, Well)

A Sindarin noun for a source of water (RC/772). It appeared as an element in several names, such as Mitheithel, the Sindarin name for the river Hoarwell (LotR/200). From its glosses, it seems it could apply to a variety of water sources, including springs, wells and fountains (RC/772, SA/eithel, LR/301). It was derived from the primitive form ✶et-kelē, literally “*out-flow”, but in ancient times the [tk] was transposed to [kt] giving ektelē (SA/kel; Ety/KEL). In Sindarin, this pair of voiceless stops became spirants [xθ], and then the [x] vocalized to [i] to form the diphthong [ei].

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s, there were two distinct precursors to this word, G. aithl “spring” (GL/18) and G. {ecthel >>} ectheluin “fountain, fount” (GL/31) or ecthelin (GL/25); the latter’s form was ecthel in various name lists form this period (PE13/104; PE15/23). In Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s, there was an additional form ᴱN. eithlos “fountain” with several variants (PE13/142, 158); ᴱN. aithl “spring, fount, source” also reappeared (PE13/136, 158). In The Etymologies from the 1930s, these two forms seem to have merged into N. eithel “spring, issue of water” (Ety/KEL), and this is the source of derivation given above. All of the earlier forms seem to broadly have the same etymology, and so the changes represent the evolving phonetic development of the languages.

References ✧ RC/772; SA/eithel, kel; WJ/139

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

eithil plural ✧ WJ/139

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

et-kelē > eithel [ektele] > [ektʰele] > [exθele] > [eiθele] > [eiθel] ✧ SA/kel

N. eithel n. “issue of water, spring, well, fountain” (Category: Spring, Well)

See S. eithel for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/KEL; LR/301; SM/323

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

eithil plural ✧ SM/323

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶ektele > eithel [ektele] > [ektʰele] > [exθele] > [eiθele] > [eiθel] ✧ Ety/KEL

ᴱN. aithl n. “spring, fount, source” (Category: Spring, Well)

See S. eithel for discussion.

References ✧ PE13/136, 158

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

eithlir plural ✧ PE13/158

Element In

Cognates


G. aithl n. “spring” (Category: Spring, Well)

See S. eithel for discussion.

References ✧ GL/18, 25, 31; LT2A/Ecthelion; PE13/108

Glosses

Variations

Related

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ✶ektḷ > aithl [ektl] > [exθl] > [eiθl] > [aiθl] ✧ GL/18

ᴱN. eithlos n. “fountain” (Category: Spring, Well)

See S. eithel for discussion.

References ✧ PE13/142, 158

Glosses

Variations

Elements

aithl “spring, fount, source” ✧ PE13/158

G. ecthel(uin) n. “fountain, fount” (Category: Spring, Well)

See S. eithel for discussion.

References ✧ GL/25, 31; LT2A/Ecthelion; PE13/104; PE15/23; PME/46

Glosses

Variations

Related

Changes

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ√KELE > ecthel [ektele] > [ektel] > [eθtel] ✧ LT2A/Ecthelion