ᴹQ. active participle grammar.
| Examples (active-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aláya | ← ala- | ✧ PE22/106 | |||||||
| aláya | ← ala- | ✧ PE22/106 | |||||||
| aláva | “growing” | [← ala-] | ✧ PE22/116 | ||||||
| karia | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/100 | |||||||
| karia | “making” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/106 | ||||||
| karia | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karia | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karia | “active (in making)” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/110 | ||||||
| karia | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/116 | |||||||
| farea | “hunting, of prey” | [← fara-] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| farea | “hunting” | ← fara- | ✧ PE22/116 | ||||||
| istea | “knowing” | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/106 | ||||||
| istea | “knowing” | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| istea | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| karanyava | [← karanya-] | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| keluya | “issuing forth (of water)” | [← kelu-] | ✧ PE22/106 | ||||||
| lirua | ← liru | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| liruya | ← liru | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| matia | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/100 | |||||||
| matia | “eating” | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/106 | ||||||
| nemia | [← nem-] | ✧ PE22/100 | |||||||
| nemia | “apparent” | [← nem-] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| niñkwityolya | ← niñqityo (infinitive) | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| olea | “growing, living (of plants etc.)” | [← ola-] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| olárea | “growing” | [← ola-] | ✧ PE22/116 | ||||||
| ortáya | ← ala- | ✧ PE22/106 | |||||||
| ortaia | ← ala- | ✧ PE22/106 | |||||||
| ortava | [← orta-¹] | ✧ PE22/106 | |||||||
| ortava | [← orta-¹] | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| ortea | “rising” | [← orta-²] | ✧ PE22/106 | ||||||
| ortea | “rising, ascendent” | [← orta-²] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| ortea | [← orta-²] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| oryava | [← orya-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| silia | “shining” | [← sil-] | ✧ PE22/100 | ||||||
| sirea | “flowing, liquid” | [← sirya-] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| sirea | [← sirya-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| siryava | [← sirya-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| siryava | “flowing” | [← sirya-] | ✧ PE22/116 | ||||||
| taltea | “insecure” | [← talta-] | ✧ PE22/111 | ||||||
| taltea | [← talta-] | ✧ PE22/114 | |||||||
| tulia | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/100 | |||||||
| tulia | “coming” | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/106 | ||||||
| Examples (imperfect-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| alarya | [← ala-] | ✧ PE22/107 | |||||||
| altañkantalya | [← altankanta-] | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| ampanŏtalya | [← ampanóta-] | ✧ PE22/118 | |||||||
| karalya | “doing, making” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| karalya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karalya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karalya | “making” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/123 | ||||||
| ëa | “existing” | ← ëa | ✧ PE22/122 | ||||||
| yea | [← ye-] | ✧ PE22/123 | |||||||
| †yelya | [← ye-] | ✧ PE22/123 | |||||||
| faralya | ← fara- | ✧ PE22/116 | |||||||
| himilya | “adhering” | [← him-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| †izilya | “knowing” | ← ista | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| istalya | ← ista | ✧ PE22/107 | |||||||
| istalya | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||||
| laia | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| láya | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| †larya | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| matalya | “eating” | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| niñqintalya | [← ninqinta-] | ✧ PE22/117 | |||||||
| nurulya | “growing dark” | [← nur-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| olarya | “growing” | [← ola-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| olarya | “growing” | [← ola-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| ortalya | ← ortā | ✧ PE22/107 | |||||||
| ortalya | “raising” | [← orta-¹] | ✧ PE22/117 | ||||||
| ortalya | ← órta | ✧ PE22/107 | |||||||
| ortalya | [← orta-²] | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||||
| silalya | “shining” | [← sil-] | ✧ PE22/100 | ||||||
| silalya | “shining” | [← sil-] | ✧ PE22/100 | ||||||
| silirya | “shining” | [← sil-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| †sirilya | “flowing” | ← sirya | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| siryalya | [← sirya-] | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||||
| silyarya | [← sirya-] | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||||
| taltalya | [← talta-] | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||||
| tulurya | “coming” | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| tultarya | “sending hither” | [← tulta-] | ✧ PE22/107 | ||||||
| †túlya | [← #tuv-] | ✧ PE22/107 | |||||||
| tuvalya | [← #tuv-] | ✧ PE22/107 | |||||||
| ekkoituvalya | [← ekkoita-] | future | ✧ VT27/10 | ||||||
| loralyar | “asleep” | [← #lor-] | plural | ✧ VT27/7 | |||||
| taltalyar | “are [slipping down]” | [← talta-] | plural | ✧ PE22/115 | |||||
| Examples (perfect-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| karnelya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| akárielya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| karnelya | “having built” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| akárielya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| kárielya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| karnelya | “that had been (already) built” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| akárielya | “that is already built” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| karnelya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karnelya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| akárielya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| nea | “existed” | ← ëa | ✧ PE22/123 | ||||||
| †ēnea | “existed” | ← ëa | ✧ PE22/123 | ||||||
| †énea | [← ea-] | ✧ PE22/124 | |||||||
| enea | [← ye-] | ✧ PE22/123 | |||||||
| nea | [← ye-] | ✧ PE22/123 | |||||||
| †enelya | [← ye-] | ✧ PE22/123 | |||||||
| istanelya | “have known” | [← ista-] | ✧ PE22/108 | ||||||
| sintelya | “having known” | ← sinte (past) | ✧ PE22/115 | ||||||
| sintielya | “having known” | ← sinte (past) | ✧ PE22/115 | ||||||
| lánea | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| lánelya | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| allea | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| nahtanelya | “having slain” | [← nahta-] | ✧ PE22/104 | ||||||
| †tullerya | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| utúlielya | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| túlielya | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| túlielya | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/108 | |||||||
| Examples (future-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| karuvalya | “about to make” | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | ||||||
| karuvalya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| karuvalya | [← kar-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| yevalya | [← ye-] | ✧ PE22/123 | |||||||
| váya | [← ye-] | ✧ PE22/123 | |||||||
| lávalya | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| †lávea | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| laváya | [← lá-] | ✧ PE22/126 | |||||||
| matuvalya | [← mat-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
| tuluvalya | [← tul-] | ✧ PE22/109 | |||||||
References ✧ PE22/100, 106-110
Element In
ᴱQ. active participle grammar.
| Examples (active-participle) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| falastane | “surging” | [← falasta-] | ✧ MC/213 | ||||||
| histane | “fading” | [← #hista-] | ✧ MC/213 | ||||||
| pustane | “blowing” | [← #pusta-] | ✧ MC/213 | ||||||
| lungane | “bending” | [← lunga(na)-] | ✧ MC/214 | ||||||
| lutya | [← lutu-] | ✧ PE16/77 | |||||||
| nalla | [← ná-] | ✧ VT40/8 | |||||||
| píke | “blinking” | [← #pik-] | ✧ MC/214 | ||||||
| laustane | “roaring” | [← lausta-²] | ✧ MC/213 | ||||||
| sangane | “gather” | [← sanga-¹] | ✧ MC/214 | ||||||
| simpetalla | [← simpeta-] | ✧ VT40/8 | |||||||
| Sinqitalla | [← sinqita-] | ✧ VT40/8 | |||||||
| sirilla | [← siri-] | ✧ VT40/8 | |||||||
| tíne | “shining” | [← tini-] | ✧ MC/213 | ||||||
| tule | [← tulu-] | ✧ PE16/128 | |||||||
| †tuli̯ | [← tulu-] | ✧ PE16/128 | |||||||
| tūle | [← tulu-] | ✧ PE16/128 | |||||||
| Tukalla | [← tuku-] | ✧ VT40/8 | |||||||
| karkane | “snarling” | [← #karka-] | ✧ MC/213 | ||||||
| tulwa | [← tulu-] | aorist | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| tulya | [← tulu-] | aorist | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| tulna | [← tulu-] | aorist | ✧ PE14/29 | ||||||
| lalantila | [← lant-] | frequentative | ✧ VT40/8 | ||||||
| van(da) | ← e (present) | future | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| tulvanwa | [← tulu-] | future | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| tuluvan(d-) | ← tul- | future | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| ien | ← e (present) | past | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| yen | ← e (present) | past | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| yenda | ← e (present) | past | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| ien | “it was” | [← e-²] | past | ✧ PE16/62 | |||||
| lutilya | [← lutu-] | past | ✧ PE16/56 | ||||||
| lutsilya | [← lutu-] | past | ✧ PE16/57 | ||||||
| lutsilya | [← lutu-] | past | ✧ PE16/60 | ||||||
| lutsilya | [← lutu-] | past | ✧ PE16/60 | ||||||
| lutsilya | “sailing” | [← lutu-] | past | ✧ PE16/62 | |||||
| lutsilja | [← lutu-] | past | ✧ PE16/72 | ||||||
| lutsilya | [← lutu-] | past | ✧ PE16/74 | ||||||
| tulienwa | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| túliéla/túlielya | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| tuliemba | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| túlien(d-) | ← tul- | past | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| tulien | “having come” | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE14/57 | |||||
| tulilya | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE16/128 | ||||||
| †tulíla | [← tulu-] | past | ✧ PE16/128 | ||||||
| in(d-) | ← e (present) | present | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| inda | ← e (present) | present | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| matsin | ← mat- | present | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
| tulinwa | [← tulu-] | present | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| tulīlya/tulíla | [← tulu-] | present | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| tulvála/tulvalya | [← tulu-] | present | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| tulimba | [← tulu-] | present | ✧ PE14/28 | ||||||
| tulin | ← tul- | present | ✧ PE14/57 | ||||||
Reference ✧ PE14/29