Eldamo : Quenya : súrë

Q. súrë (súri-) n. “wind, breeze” (Category: Wind)

Q. súrë (súri-), n. “wind, breeze” (Category: Wind): ᴱQ. súlimë “wind”; ᴱQ. †súyë “air, breezes, winds”

The most common word for “wind” in Quenya, appearing in both the Namárië (LotR/377) and Markirya (MC/222) poems. In one place it was glossed “breeze” (PE17/62) so it seems to cover a wide variety of winds. It was derived from primitive ✶sūri (NM/237), a variant of ✶sūli (VT47/35) from which S. sûl “wind” was derived, all based on the root √SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)” which was primarily applied to the wind (NM/237).

Neo-Quenya: A likely precursor is ᴱQ. súru, used of air spirits in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/66) but translated as “wind” in the Earendel and Oilima Markirya poems written around 1930 (MC/216, 220). In one glossary appearing among Oilima Markirya drafts, Tolkien translated súru as “wind, gale” (PE16/75).

References ✧ LotR/377; MC/222; NM/237; PE17/62, 76, 124, 135; RGEO/58; TAI/197; TMME/184

Glosses

“breeze” ✧ PE17/62
“wind” ✧ MC/222; NM/237; PE17/135

Variations

súre ✧ MC/222; NM/237; PE17/62; PE17/135
sūrĕ ✧ PE17/62
sūre ✧ PE17/124

Inflections

súrinen	instrumental	“in the wind”	✧ LotR/377
súrinen	instrumental	“in (by agency of) wind”	✧ PE17/62
súrinen	instrumental		✧ PE17/62; PE17/76; PE17/135
sūrinen	instrumental	“wind-in”	✧ RGEO/58
sū́rinèn	instrumental	“in the wind”	✧ RGEO/58
súrisse	locative	“*in the wind”	✧ TAI/197
súrissë	locative		✧ TMME/184
súri-	stem		✧ PE17/135
sūrĭ	stem		✧ PE17/124
sūrĭ-	stem	“wind”	✧ PE17/62
sūrĭ-	stem		✧ PE17/62

Element In

ᴺQ. !súriellë “windflower, anemone”
ᴺQ. !virsúre “gauze, muslin, (lit.) woven wind”
Q. ai! lassi lantar laurië súrinen “ah! leaves fall golden in [by means of] the wind” ✧ RGEO/58
Q. man hlaruva rávëa súrë? “Who shall hear the wind roaring?” ✧ MC/222
Q. Súrion “*Wind-son”
Q. súriquessë “species of grass, (lit.) wind feather”
Q. ai! laurië lantar lassi súrinen “ah! like gold fall the leaves in the wind” ✧ LotR/377; RGEO/58
Q. linquë súrissë “*grass in the wind” ✧ TMME/184

Cognates

S. sûl “wind” ✧ PE17/124 (sūl)

Derivations

< √SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)” ✧ PE17/124
< √SUR “noise of wind” ✧ PE17/62 (SUR(U))
< ✶sūri “wind” ✧ NM/237
- < √SUR “noise of wind” ✧ NM/237

Phonetic Developments

✶sūri > súrë	[sūri] > [sūre]	✧ NM/237
√SUR(U) > sūrĕ	[sūri] > [sūre]	✧ PE17/62
√SŪ > sūre	[sūri] > [sūre]	✧ PE17/124

ᴱQ. súru n. “air-spirit; wind, gale” (Category: Wind)

See Q. súrë for discussion.

References ✧ GL/68; LBI/Súruli; LT1A/Súruli; LT1I/Súruli; MC/213, 216, 220; PE14/10; PE16/57, 60, 62, 72, 74-75, 77, 100, 104, 147; SMI/Súruli

Glosses

“air-spirit” ✧ LT1A/Súruli
“wind” ✧ MC/213; MC/216; PE16/62; PE16/100
“wind, gale” ✧ PE16/75
“winds” ✧ MC/220

Variations

Súru ✧ LT1A/Súruli; MC/213; MC/216; MC/220; PE16/62; PE16/74; PE16/75; PE16/100
Sūru ✧ GL/68
suuru ✧ PE16/72; PE16/77; PE16/104

Changes

surui >> surussin ✧ PE16/57

Inflections

súrut	?		✧ PE16/147
surussin	nominative plural		✧ PE16/57; PE16/60
Suruli	plural		✧ PE14/10
Súruli	plural		✧ LBI/Súruli; LT1A/Súruli
Súruli	plural	“spirits of the winds”	✧ LT1I/Súruli
Súruli	plural	“Spirits of the Wind”	✧ SMI/Súruli
Sūruli	plural		✧ GL/68
surui	plural		✧ PE16/57
suruli	plural		✧ PE14/10

Element In

ᴱQ. anwe or aiqale elta súrut lunte aiwendon lossiattea “*went on the heights driven by the wind a ship like a bird with a blossom-white neck” ✧ PE16/147
ᴱQ. ar i·súru laustuváro lintataurelasselindon “*and the wind will roar like many forest leaves” ✧ PE16/77
ᴱQ. i súru laustaner “the wind lausted (made a windy noise)” ✧ MC/216; PE16/100; PE16/104
ᴱQ. man tenuva súru laustane? “Who shall hear the wind roaring?” ✧ MC/213
ᴱQ. súru laustanéro “the winds rushed” ✧ MC/220; PE16/62; PE16/72; PE16/74
ᴱQ. surussin lurdon lausto ✧ PE16/57; PE16/60

Cognates

G. sulus “air-spirit” ✧ GL/68

Derivations

< ᴱ√SUHYU “air, breath, exhale, puff” ✧ LT1A/Súlimo (SUHU)

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ√SUHU > Súru

[suxrū] > [suxru] > [suɣru] > [sūru]

✧ LT1A/Súruli