Eldamo : Quenya : lassë

Q. lassë n. “leaf” (Category: Leaf)

Q. lassë, n. “leaf; ⚠️[ᴱQ.] petal” (Category: Leaf): ᴱQ. pat “small leaf”

The basic Quenya word for “leaf”, derived from the root √LAS¹ (PE17/62, 153; VT39/9). This word dates all the way back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s where ᴱQ. lasse “leaf” appeared as its own entry (QL/51). ᴹQ. lasse “leaf” also appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√LAS¹ (Ety/LAS¹). In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien said that lasse meant both “a leaf or petal” (GL/52). After that Tolkien translated it only as “leaf”. In one set of later notes Tolkien said it was even more restricted in meaning, and “only applied to certain kinds of leaves, especially those of trees, and would not e.g. be used of leaf of a hyacinth (linque)” (PE17/62).

Neo-Quenya: Despite Tolkien late declaration, I would use lassë as the general “leaf” word for purposes of Neo-Quenya, though more specialized words may also exist such as linquë “(leaf of a) hyacinth”. I would also use it metaphorically in its Early Qenya sense as the “petal” of a flower where the context is very clear, such as lassi indilo “leaves of a lily” = “lily petals”. But where ambiguous, I would use the neologism ᴺQ. lótelas for “petal”, more literally “flower leaf”.

References ✧ Let/282, 382; LotR/377, 1107; PE16/96; PE17/62, 76; PE19/106; Plotz/11-20; RGEO/58; VT39/9; WJ/407

Glosses

“leaf” ✧ LotR/1107; PE17/62; PE17/62; VT39/9

Variations

lasse ✧ Let/282; LotR/1107; PE16/96; PE16/96; PE17/62; PE17/62; Plotz/11; VT39/9

lasse “leaf” possibly related to √LAS ✧ PE17/62

Inflections

lassello	ablative		✧ Plotz/19
lassellon	ablative plural		✧ Plotz/19
†lassē	accusative		✧ Plotz/12: only in classical Quenya, no longer used in spoken Quenya
lassenna	allative		✧ Plotz/15
lassennar	allative plural		✧ Plotz/15
lassen	dative		✧ Plotz/16
lassin	dative plural		✧ Plotz/16
lasset	dual		✧ Plotz/11
lasseo	genitive		✧ Plotz/13
lasseo	genitive	“of a leaf”	✧ WJ/407
†lassio	genitive plural	“of leaves”	✧ WJ/407
lassion	genitive plural		✧ Plotz/13
lassion	genitive plural	“of leaves”	✧ WJ/407
lassenen	instrumental		✧ Plotz/14
lassínen	instrumental plural		✧ Plotz/14
lassī́nen	instrumental plural		✧ PE19/106
lassesse	locative		✧ Plotz/17
lassessen	locative plural		✧ Plotz/17
†lassin	nominative plural		✧ PE17/76
lasselī	partitive-plural		✧ Plotz/11: lasseli in spoken Quenya
lassi	plural	“leaves”	✧ Let/382; LotR/377; RGEO/58
lassi	plural		✧ PE17/62; PE17/76
lassī	plural		✧ PE19/106
lassī	plural		✧ Plotz/11: lassi in spoken Quenya
lássi	plural	“leaves”	✧ RGEO/58
lasseva	possessive		✧ Plotz/20
lasses	short-locative		✧ Plotz/18
lassis	short-locative plural		✧ Plotz/18

Element In

ᴺQ. lassëa “with leaves, leafy”
ᴺQ. !lótelas “petal, (lit.) flower-leaf”
ᴺQ. ^nornolassëa “having oak-leaves”
ᴺQ. !parmalas(së) “page, (lit.) leaf of book”
ᴺQ. !tyallas “(playing) card”
ᴺQ. !tyávelassë “spice, (lit.) taste-leaf”
ᴺQ. !yullas “tea”
Q. ai! lassi lantar laurië súrinen “ah! leaves fall golden in [by means of] the wind” ✧ RGEO/58
Q. laicalassë “green-leaf, green as leaves”
Q. Lassemista “Leaf-Grey”
Q. lassewinta “leaf fall, autumn, *(lit.) leaf blowing”
Q. lillassëa “having many leaves”
Q. olass(i)ë “foliage, collection of leaves”
Q. taniquelassë “*high-white-leaf”
Q. ai! laurië lantar lassi súrinen “ah! like gold fall the leaves in the wind” ✧ LotR/377; RGEO/58
Q. lasselanta “(late) autumn, (lit.) leaf-fall” ✧ LotR/1107 (lasse-lanta)
Q. táli lantalasselingië “*with feet like the music of falling leaves” ✧ PE16/96; PE16/96

Cognates

Nan. las “leaf” ✧ Let/382
S. las(s) “leaf” ✧ Let/282; PE17/62 (las)

Derivations

< ✶lassē “leaf” ✧ Let/282; PE19/106 (lassḗi); PE19/106 (lasséinen); VT39/9
- < lássei < lassḗi ✧ PE19/106
- < lassēnen < lasséinen ✧ PE19/106
- < √LAS¹ “leaf” ✧ PE17/153; VT39/9

Phonetic Developments

✶lassē > lasse	[lassē] > [lasse]	✧ Let/282
✶lassḗi > lássei > lassī	[lassei] > [lassī] > [lassi]	✧ PE19/106
AQ. lasséinen > lassēnen > lassī́nen	[lasseinen] > [lassīnen]	✧ PE19/106
✶lassē > lasse	[lassē] > [lasse]	✧ VT39/9

ᴹQ. lasse n. “leaf” (Category: Leaf)

See Q. lassë for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/LAS¹; PE21/6-7, 9, 47-48, 53-54; PE22/11; VT28/8

Glosses

“leaf” ✧ Ety/LAS¹; PE21/6; PE21/47; PE21/53

Variations

lasse ✧ Ety/LAS¹; PE21/6; PE21/47; PE21/53; PE22/11

Inflections

lassello	ablative	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47; PE21/53
lassellos	ablative dual	✧ PE21/54
lassellut	ablative dual	✧ PE21/6
lassendet	ablative dual	✧ PE21/48
lasselillon	ablative plural	✧ PE21/6
†lassellon	ablative plural	✧ PE21/6
lassellon	ablative plural	✧ PE21/53
†lassenden	ablative plural	✧ PE21/47
lassillon	ablative plural	✧ PE21/6
lassinden	ablative plural	✧ PE21/47
lasse	accusative	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
lasset	accusative dual	✧ PE21/6
lasseli	accusative plural	✧ PE21/6
lassi	accusative plural	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
lassende	allative	✧ PE21/47
lassenta	allative	✧ PE21/6; PE21/53
[lassen]to	allative dual	✧ PE21/6
lassellot	allative dual	✧ PE21/48
lassentas	allative dual	✧ PE21/54
lassentau	allative dual	✧ PE21/6
lasselintan	allative plural	✧ PE21/6
†lassellon	allative plural	✧ PE21/47
†lassentan	allative plural	✧ PE21/6
lassentar	allative plural	✧ PE21/53
lassillon	allative plural	✧ PE21/47
lassintan	allative plural	✧ PE21/6
lasseko	comitative	✧ PE21/53
lassel	comitative	✧ PE21/47
lasselte	comitative dual	✧ PE21/48
lassúto	comitative dual	✧ PE21/54
lassil	comitative plural	✧ PE21/47
lassíko	comitative plural; prosodic-lengthening	✧ PE21/53
lassíle	comitative plural; prosodic-lengthening	✧ PE21/47
lassen	dative	✧ PE21/53
lasser	dative	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
lassetar	dative dual	✧ PE21/48
lassu	dative dual	✧ PE21/6
lassúno	dative dual	✧ PE21/54
lasselir	dative plural	✧ PE21/6
lassir	dative plural	✧ PE21/6
lassíno	dative plural; prosodic-lengthening	✧ PE21/53
lassíre(n)	dative plural; prosodic-lengthening	✧ PE21/47
lassú-	dual	✧ PE21/54
[lass]eo	genitive	✧ VT28/8
[lass]o	genitive	✧ VT28/8
lasseo	genitive	✧ PE21/6; PE21/9; PE21/47; PE21/53
lassio	genitive	✧ PE21/6; PE21/9
†lasso	genitive	✧ PE21/7; PE21/9
lassehta	genitive dual	✧ PE21/6
lassetos	genitive dual	✧ PE21/54
lassetu	genitive dual	✧ PE21/48
lasselion	genitive plural	✧ PE21/6
†lasseron	genitive plural	✧ PE21/47
lasseron	genitive plural	✧ PE21/53
lassion	genitive plural	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47; PE21/53
lassenen	instrumental	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47; PE21/53
lassemet	instrumental dual	✧ PE21/6
lassenwen	instrumental dual	✧ PE21/48
lassúnen	instrumental dual	✧ PE21/54
†lasselínen	instrumental plural; prosodic-lengthening	✧ PE21/6; PE21/9
lassínen	instrumental plural; prosodic-lengthening	✧ PE21/6; PE21/9; PE21/47; PE21/53
lassesse	locative	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47; PE21/53
lassesset	locative dual	✧ PE21/6; PE21/48; PE21/54
lasselissen	locative plural	✧ PE21/6
†lassessen	locative plural	✧ PE21/47
lassessen	locative plural	✧ PE21/53
lassissen	locative plural	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
[lass]en	nominative	✧ VT28/8
lasse	nominative	✧ PE21/53
lassen	nominative	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
lassent	nominative dual	✧ PE21/6
lasset	nominative dual	✧ PE21/48; PE21/54
lasselin	nominative plural	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
†lasser	nominative plural	✧ PE21/47
lasser	nominative plural	✧ PE21/53
lassi	nominative plural	✧ PE21/53
lassin	nominative plural	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
†lassehta	partitive-plural	✧ PE21/47
lassíka	partitive-plural; prosodic-lengthening	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
lassi	plural	✧ PE21/47
lassí-	plural	✧ PE21/53
lassea	possessive	✧ PE21/9
lasseva	possessive	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47
†lasseva	possessive	✧ PE21/6
lassehta	possessive dual	✧ PE21/6
lasselinwa	possessive plural	✧ PE21/6
lassíva	possessive plural; prosodic-lengthening	✧ PE21/47
lassendon	similative	✧ PE21/6; PE21/47; PE21/53
lasselindon	similative plural	✧ PE21/6
†lassendon	similative plural	✧ PE21/47
†lassindon	similative plural	✧ PE21/6
lassindon	similative plural	✧ PE21/47
lasse	stem	✧ PE21/47

Element In

ᴹQ. lassekanta “leaf-shaped”
ᴹQ. lasselanta “leaf-fall, autumn; October” ✧ Ety/LAS¹

Cognates

N. lhass “leaf” ✧ Ety/LAS¹

Derivations

< ᴹ✶lassē¹ “leaf” ✧ Ety/LAS¹; PE21/9 (†lassē-ō)
- < ᴹ√LAS¹ “*leaf” ✧ Ety/LAS¹

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶lassē > lasse	[lassē] > [lasse]	✧ Ety/LAS¹
†ᴹ✶lassē-ō > †lasso	[lassēo] ? [lasso]	✧ PE21/9

ᴱQ. lasse n. “leaf; petal” (Category: Leaf)

See Q. lassë for discussion.

References ✧ GL/52; LT1A/Gar Lossion; MC/213, 216, 220; PE16/62, 72, 74-75, 77, 80, 90, 92, 139; PME/51; QL/51; VT40/8

Glosses

“a leaf or petal” ✧ GL/52
“leaf” ✧ LT1A/Gar Lossion; PE16/139; PME/51; QL/51

Variations

lasse ✧ GL/52; LT1A/Gar Lossion; MC/216; PE16/77; PE16/80; PE16/90; PE16/92; PE16/139; PME/51; QL/51; VT40/8

Inflections

lasselin	nominative plural	“leaves”	✧ PE16/75
lasser	plural		✧ VT40/8
lasselindon	similative plural	“like leaves”	✧ MC/213; MC/220; PE16/62
lasselindon	similative plural		✧ PE16/74; PE16/77
lässelindon	similative plural		✧ PE16/72
lasse-	stem		✧ QL/51

Element In

ᴱQ. taurelasselindon “like leaves of forests” ✧ MC/213; MC/220; PE16/62; PE16/72; PE16/74
ᴱQ. alildon ornin lassevarnen “?leaf-brown trees grow” ✧ PE16/80
ᴱQ. ar i·súru laustuváro lintataurelasselindon “*and the wind will roar like many forest leaves” ✧ PE16/77; PE16/77
ᴱQ. Laiqalasse “Green-leaf” ✧ LT2A/Laiqalassë
ᴱQ. lassea “with leaves, leafy” ✧ QL/51
ᴱQ. lasselanta “the Fall, Autumn” ✧ LT1A/Gar Lossion; QL/51
ᴱQ. n·alalmino hyá lanta lasse “*from the elm-tree here a leaf falls” ✧ VT40/8
ᴱQ. ne·súme lasser pínea “*small leaves were in the wind” ✧ VT40/8
ᴱQ. tálin paptalasselindeën “with feet like the music of falling leaves” ✧ MC/216; PE16/90; PE16/92

Cognates

G. lass “leaf; petal” ✧ GL/52; LT1A/Gar Lossion

Derivations

< ?ᴱ√LASA “*leaf”