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Q. hón (hom-) n. “heart (physical organ)” (Category: Heart)

Q. hón (hom-), n. “heart (physical organ)” (Category: Heart)
ᴱQ. elwen “heart”

The word for the “heart” as a physical organ, as opposed to more metaphorical words like Q. órë and Q. indo. Its stem form was hom- in Tolkien’s later writings (NM/176, PE19/97).

Conceptual Development: The base word for “heart” was quite stable in Tolkien’s mind, but its exact stem form varied. It first appeared as ᴱQ. hon (hond-) “heart” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√HONO, above a longer form hondo (QL/40). It became honde “heart” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/137), but in the contemporaneous Early Noldorin Word-lists, it was londo (PE13/149, 162).

In the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s it was ᴹQ. hón “heart” with stem form hom- (PE21/23), but in The Etymologies written around 1937 it was derived from the root ᴹ√KHŌ-N “heart (physical)” (Ety/KHŌ-N). In 1968 notes on gender, hón the “physical organ heart” again had a stem form hom-, and in green ink addendums to the Outline of Phonology (OP2) from around 1970, Tolkien gave the primitive form as ✶khō̆m (PE19/97 and 98 note #142). In this last note, Tolkien said it “is not the physical heart, but ‘the interior’ used of the whole range of emotions or feelings”; this seems to be the only place Tolkien indicated this word was metaphorical in nature rather than referring to the physical organ.

References ✧ NM/176

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

hom stem ✧ NM/176

Element In

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

khom > hón [kʰōm] > [xōm] > [hōm] > [hōn] ✧ NM/176

ᴹQ. hón (hom-) n. “heart (physical)” (Category: Heart)

See Q. hón for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/KHŌ-N; LR/63, 72; PE21/19, 23, 52, 62

Glosses

Variations

Changes

Inflections

holmo ablative; assimilated “from the centre” ✧ PE21/23
homullo ablative   ✧ PE21/23; PE21/52; PE21/52
humullo ablative   ✧ PE21/23
holmut ablative dual; assimilated   ✧ PE21/23
holmon ablative plural; assimilated   ✧ PE21/23
homillon ablative plural   ✧ PE21/23
homa accusative   ✧ PE21/23; PE21/52
homande allative   ✧ PE21/52
homesse allative   ✧ PE21/23
homunta allative   ✧ PE21/23
honde allative; assimilated   ✧ PE21/52
honta allative; assimilated “to the centre” ✧ PE21/23
hontau allative dual; assimilated   ✧ PE21/23
homintan allative plural   ✧ PE21/23
hontan allative plural; assimilated   ✧ PE21/23
homen dative   ✧ PE21/23; PE21/52
homo genitive   ✧ PE21/23
homu genitive   ✧ PE21/52
homanen instrumental   ✧ PE21/23
homben instrumental   ✧ PE21/52
homnen instrumental   ✧ PE21/23
homunen instrumental   ✧ PE21/52
humnen instrumental   ✧ PE21/23
homnet instrumental dual   ✧ PE21/23
humnet instrumental dual   ✧ PE21/23
homínen instrumental plural   ✧ PE21/23
homesse locative   ✧ PE21/52
honse locative; assimilated “in the centre” ✧ PE21/23
hopse locative; assimilated   ✧ PE21/52
humpe locative; assimilated   ✧ PE21/23
honset locative dual; assimilated   ✧ PE21/23
homissen locative plural   ✧ PE21/23
honsen locative plural; assimilated   ✧ PE21/23
hōn nominative   ✧ PE21/23; PE21/52
homunt nominative dual   ✧ PE21/23
humunt nominative dual   ✧ PE21/23
homin nominative plural   ✧ PE21/23; PE21/52
humulin nominative plural   ✧ PE21/23
homíka partitive-plural; prosodic-lengthening   ✧ PE21/23
homuli plural   ✧ PE21/52
homba possessive   ✧ PE21/52
homuva possessive   ✧ PE21/23; PE21/52
honwa possessive   ✧ PE21/23
humuva possessive   ✧ PE21/23
hominwa possessive plural   ✧ PE21/23
homanon similative   ✧ PE21/23
homindon similative   ✧ PE21/52
homnon similative   ✧ PE21/23
homundon similative   ✧ PE21/23
hondon similative   ✧ PE21/23
homindon similative plural   ✧ PE21/23
hom stem “heart” ✧ PE21/19
hom- stem “heart” ✧ PE21/23

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√KHŌ-N > hōn [kʰōn] > [xōn] > [hōn] ✧ Ety/KHŌ-N

ᴱQ. hon² (hond-) n. “heart” (Category: Heart)

See Q. hón for discussion.

References ✧ PE13/149, 162; PE15/32; PE16/137; QL/40

Glosses

Variations

Changes

Inflections

hondor plural “*hearts” ✧ PE15/32
hond- stem   ✧ QL/40

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ√HONO > hon [xondo] > [xondǝ] > [xond] > [hond] > [hon] ✧ QL/40