Q. orya-¹ v. (ya-formative) “to rise” (Category: to Rise)
An intransitive verb for “to rise” mentioned in various places in Tolkien’s later writings of the 1940s, 50s and 60s, based on the root √OR “rise” (PE17/64; PE22/114, 156). Tolkien usually described it as a ya-formative verb with a half-strong past oronye (PE17/64, 77; PE22/164), though Tolkien occasionally gave it a weak past oryane (PE22/115, 157).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. oro- “rise” based on the early root ᴱ√ORO¹ (QL/70). In a rejected page of verbs and roots from the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) written in 1948, Tolkien had [verb?] ᴹQ. oro, orro “up, rise (from ground)” derived from the root ᴹ√SRŌ (PE22/127), but in the main document he used ya-formative ᴹQ. orya- for “rise” (PE22/114-115), possibly the first appearance of this version of the verb. Tolkien sometimes gave the intransitive Quenya verb for “to rise” as ta-formative orta- with half-strong past oronte; see that entry for discussion.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I prefer orya- “rise” with half-strong past oronye, and because Tolkien said “-ya was preferred for intransitives” (PE22/115).
References ✧ PE17/64, 77; PE22/133, 139, 156-157, 163-164
Glosses
Variations
Related
Changes
Inflections
| orila | active-participle | ✧ PE22/156 | |
| oryaila | active-participle | ✧ PE22/156 | |
| orya | aorist | ✧ PE17/77; PE22/164 | |
| oryan | aorist 1st-sg | ✧ PE22/157; PE22/164 | |
| oruva | future | ✧ PE22/164 | |
| oryuva | future | ✧ PE22/157; PE22/164 | |
| oryā́ | imperative | “get up” | ✧ PE22/139 |
| (o)rony[e] | past; half-strong-past | ✧ PE17/77 | |
| oronye | past; half-strong-past | ✧ PE17/64; PE22/164; PE22/164 | |
| oryane | past | ✧ PE22/157; PE22/157: [inflected as if from -yā] | |
| oryante | past-imperfect | ✧ PE22/157 | |
| óreáne | past-imperfect | ✧ PE22/157 | |
| ororie | perfect | ✧ PE22/164 | |
| orórie | perfect | ✧ PE22/157: [inflected as if from -yā] | |
| orōrie | perfect | “has arisen” | ✧ PE22/133 |
| orōrie | perfect | ✧ PE22/164 | |
| ōrie | perfect; augmentless | ✧ PE17/77 | |
| orea | present | ✧ PE17/77: [does not have expected long vowel] | |
| ōria | present | ✧ PE22/164 | |
| óreanye | present 1st-sg | ✧ PE22/157: [inflected as if from -yā] | |
| ōrian | present 1st-sg | ✧ PE22/164 |
Element In
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| √OR/ORO > óryă | [orja-] | ✧ PE17/64 |
| √OR > orya | [orja-] | ✧ PE22/156 |
| ✶or-ṓryā̆ye > or-ṓryeı̯e > orórie | [orōrjaje] > [orōrjie] > [orōrie] | ✧ PE22/157 |
| √oro/ro > orya- | [orja-] | ✧ PE22/163 |
ᴹQ. orya- v. (ya-formative) “to rise” (Category: to Rise)
References ✧ PE22/114-115
Glosses
Variations
Related
Inflections
| oryava | active-participle | ✧ PE22/114 | |
| orya | aorist | ✧ PE22/114 | |
| oryuva | future | ✧ PE22/115 | |
| oryave | gerund | ✧ PE22/114 | |
| oryane | past | “rose” | ✧ PE22/115 |
| orórie | perfect | “has arisen” | ✧ PE22/115 |
Element In
Derivations
ᴹQ. orro- v. “to rise (from ground)” (Category: to Rise)
References ✧ PE22/127
Glosses
Variations
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴹ√SRŌ > orro | [osro-] > [ozro-] > [orro-] | ✧ PE22/127 |
ᴱQ. oro- v. “to rise” (Category: to Rise)
References ✧ LT1A/Kalormë; QL/70
Glosses
Variations
Inflections
| ōre | past | ✧ QL/70 |
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴱ√ORO¹ > oro- | [oro-] | ✧ QL/70 |