[Home] » Languages » Neo-Quenya »  Neo-Quenya Words[Search] [← Previous] [Next →][Search]

Q. nahta-¹ v. (ta-formative) “to slay; to hurt, injure, wound” (Category: to Kill)

Q. nahta-¹, v. (ta-formative) “to slay; ⚠️[Q.] to hurt, injure, wound; [ᴱQ.] slay cruelly” (Category: to Kill)
ᴱQ. macta- “to slay, slaughter”
ᴱQ. mactya- “to kill”

A verb for “slay” based on the root √NDAK (PE22/156). Conjugations from 1964 (PE17/77) and 1969 (PE22/156-157, 159, 164) indicate it was a half-strong verb with past tense nacante, though it also had an (archaic) strong past nance.

Conceptual Development: This verb dates back to the Early Qenya Phonology of the 1920s where Tolkien had ᴱQ. nahta- “slay cruelly” based on primitive ᴱ✶ndagta- from the early root ᴱ√DAGA (PE14/66). In The Etymologies of the 1930s this root became ᴹ√NDAK “slay”, but this verb was not mentioned (Ety/NDAK). The verb ᴹQ. nahta- “slay” was mentioned again in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948, but there its root shifted back to √NDAG “slay” (PE22/102, 114-115).

In 1959 revisions to the Outline of Phonology (OP2), the root again became √NDAK “hew, slay”, but Q. nahta- was derived from an unrelated root √SNAG “wound” and was itself glossed “hurt, injure, wound” (PE19/91). A conjugation for nahta- appeared in notes from 1964, but without glosses (PE17/77). The verb nahta- appeared in quite a few examples in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969, and in those notes the gloss was again “slay” and its root was again √NDAK “hew” (PE22/156).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d stick to the meaning “to slay” for nahta-, and for “wound” I’d use [ᴹQ.] harna-.

References ✧ PE17/77; PE19/91; PE22/156-157, 159, 164; VT49/24

Glosses

Variations

Related

Changes

Inflections

nahtaila active-participle   ✧ PE22/156
nahtila active-participle   ✧ PE22/156
nahta aorist   ✧ PE17/77; PE22/157; PE22/159; PE22/164
nahatan aorist 1st-sg   ✧ PE22/164
nahtan aorist 1st-sg “slay” ✧ PE22/156
nahtan aorist 1st-sg “I slay” ✧ VT49/24
nahtuva future   ✧ PE17/77; PE22/159; PE22/164
nakuva future   ✧ PE17/77: [older?]
nahtana passive-participle “*slain” ✧ VT49/24
anaktane past   ✧ PE17/77
nakante past; half-strong-past   ✧ PE17/77; PE22/157; PE22/159; PE22/164
nakante past; half-strong-past “slew” ✧ PE22/156
nanke past; strong-past   ✧ PE22/157
nanke past; strong-past   ✧ PE22/159
anahtie perfect   ✧ PE17/77; PE22/157; PE22/159; PE22/164
anákie perfect; strong-perfect   ✧ PE22/159
anākie perfect; strong-perfect   ✧ PE22/157
anākie perfect; strong-perfect   ✧ PE22/164
nahtea present   ✧ PE17/77; PE22/159
nahtia present   ✧ PE22/157; PE22/164

Element In

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

SNAG > nahta- [snagta-] > [snakta-] > [n̥akta-] > [n̥axta-] > [naxta-] ✧ PE19/91
ndakta > nahtan [ndakta-] > [nakta-] > [naxta-] ✧ PE22/156
ndak- > nahtan [ndakta-] > [nakta-] > [naxta-] ✧ VT49/24

ᴹQ. nahta- v. (ta-formative) “to slay” (Category: to Kill)

References ✧ PE22/93, 102, 104, 114-115

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

nahtanye aorist 1st-sg “I slay” ✧ PE22/93
nahtan aorist with-1st-sg-object “(somebody unspecified[?]) slays me, I am slain” ✧ PE22/93
nahtan aorist with-1st-sg-object “slays me = I am slain” ✧ PE22/93
nahtuva future   ✧ PE22/115
nahtaina imperfect-passive-participle “being killed” ✧ PE22/115
anahtalye long-perfect “has slain” ✧ PE22/104
nahtanelye long-perfect “has slain” ✧ PE22/104
nahtina passive-participle   ✧ PE22/114
nahante past; half-strong-past   ✧ PE22/115: analogical
nahtane past   ✧ PE22/102
naktane past “slew” ✧ PE22/115
nahtanelya perfect-participle “having slain” ✧ PE22/104

Element In

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√NDAG > nahta- [ndagta-] > [ndakta-] > [nakta-] > [naxta-] ✧ PE22/102

ᴱQ. nahta- v. “to slay cruelly” (Category: to Kill)

Reference ✧ PE14/66 ✧ “slay cruelly”

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ✶ndag+ta > nahta- [ndagta-] > [ndakta-] > [ndaxta-] > [naxta-] ✧ PE14/66