Neo-Quenya Vocabulary

The Quenya vocabulary words presented here are drawn from a large number of sources, both before and after The Lord of the Rings. Since this does not match Tolkien’s conception of the language at any particular time, this vocabulary list uses the “Neo-Quenya” designation.

Words in this list marked with a “^” are adopted or adapted from Tolkien’s earliest writings (1910-30) or from words that may have been rejected by Tolkien, and thus are less likely to be generally recognized. Words marked with a “!” are fan-invented words, though they are based in some way on Tolkien’s work. Some of the English translations in quotes may be questionable or fan-invented: these are marked with a “*”. Editorial additions [generally clarifications] appear in brackets: []. Words or translations marked with a “†” are archaic or poetic, and would not used in ordinary speech.

For more information about how this vocabulary list was assembled, see the Full Neo-Quenya Word List and the discussion of the Motivations and Methodology of the Eldamo lexicon. This list reflects my own opinions of the “best” Neo-Quenya words to use, and not every Neo-Quenya writer would agree with me. For a more academic or scholarly approach to Tolkien’s languages, with a more complete list of the words he created including all their contradiction and inconsistencies, see the Quenya Language Page.

The current version of this vocabulary list is a working draft, and is subject to change. New words will be added in the future, and some older or incompatible words may be removed. For now, you should consult original sources and use your own judgement as to which words you should use.

-a suf. “adjectival suffix”

a- pref. “infinitive prefix”

á particle. “imperative particle”

a¹ interj. “O, Oh”

!accal- v. “to blaze, shine (suddenly and) brilliantly”

!accamátala adj. “over-eating”

!accamatië n. “over-eating”

!accasúcala adj. “over-drinking”

!accasucië n. “over-drinking”

aha n. “rage”

!ahta- v. “to narrow (tr. and intr.)”

^ahtar- v. “to do back, react”

!ahtarië n. “reaction”

!ahtarulas(së) n. “responsibility, (lit.) aptitude to react”

!ahtassë n. “narrowing”

^ahto n. “wright, maker, *[lesser] craftsman”

ahtumat n. “supper, *(lit.) maker’s meal”

ahya- v. “to change”

ai¹ interj. “ah, alas”

ai² adv. “supposing, suppose, maybe; *any”

!aia adj. “strange, unusual”

aia adj. “other, different”

aia- pref. “other, different (of larger numbers)”

aialli pron. “a different number”

aian n. “holy thing or object or place”

ai(a)na adj. and pron. “alien, strange, any other; anything else, some other matter, a different matter”

aian(an) adv. “at another time, at some other time”

aianë pron. “somebody (or something) else, another person [or thing]”

aianima pron. “of other sort, of other kind”

aiano n. “stranger, alien”

aiárëa adj. “of different ages”

aica adj. “fell, terrible, dire; sharp”

aicalë n. “peak”

aicassë n. “mountain peak”

^aico (aicu-) n. “cliff”

ailin n. “(large) lake, pool”

!ailindo n. “loon [bird], (lit.) lake-singer”

!ailumë¹ adv. “anytime”

!aima pron. “anything, whatever”

^aimahto n. “martyr, (lit.) blessed slain”

!aimanen adv. “however”

!aimë n. “surprise, thing/action that surprises”

^aimo n. “saint”

aina adj. “holy, revered, numinous, *divine”

aina- v. “to hallow, bless, treat as holy”

aina² adj. “something else”

ainas (*ainass-) n. “hallow, fane, *shrine, holy place, sanctuary”

Aini n. “holy one, angelic spirit (f.)”

ainima adj. “blessed, holy (of things)”

!aino n. “god”

!ainolóra adj. “godless”

!ainolórië n. “godlessness”

!ainomë adv. “anyplace, anywhere”

Ainu n. “holy one, angelic spirit (m.)”

^aipio n. “cherry”

aiqua adj. “steep”

^aiqualë n. “steepness, a steep [thing]”

^aiquassë n. “precipice”

aiquen pron. “if anybody, whoever, [ᴺQ.] anybody”

aira adj. “holy, sanctified, worshipful”

!airalindë n. “hymn, (lit.) holy song”

!airasëa [þ] n. “hyssop”

airë¹ (airi-) adj. and n. “holy; sanctity, holiness”

†airë² n. “sea”

airëa adj. “holy (applied to persons)”

!airemma n. “icon, (lit.) holy image”

!airilírë n. “hymn”

!airimo n. “priest”

!airimossë n. “priesthood”

airita- v. “to hallow”

†airon n. “ocean”

aista- v. “to dread”

!aita-¹ v. “to revere, worship”

!aita-² v. “to astound, surprise, shock, (orig.) make aghast”

^aitalë n. “reverence, worship, religion”

^aitalëa adj. “reverent, worshipful, religious”

!aitamo n. “worshiper”

!aitë adj. “of some sort, of any sort”

!aivë adv. “anyway, anyhow, in any way”

aiwë n. “(small) bird”

aiya interj. “hail; behold, lo”

ála particle. “do not”

al(a)-¹ pref. “in-, un-, not; †-less, without”

ala-¹ v. “to grow (of plants) [intr. and trans.], plant; *to thrive, flourish (of other creatures)”

ala-² v. “to deny; *to not be”

!alacénima adj. “invisible”

alaco n. “rush, rushing flight, wild wind”

!alafasta adj. “tidy, orderly”

alahasta adj. “unmarred”

alahen (alahend-) adj. “eyeless”

!alahírima adj. “unfindable, impossible to find”

!alahta- v. “to rush”

^alaica adj. “blunt”

!alairë adj. “unholy”

^alalla- v. “*to keep on growing”

!alaloitala adj. “unfailing”

alalvëa adj. “having many elms”

!alamára adj. “no-good”

alamen n. “good omen on departure”

!alamirwa adj. “cheap, not precious, not expensive”

!alamo n. “cultivator, grower”

alandë adv. “to no degree, in no way”

alanessë n. “nicotiana, pipeweed, *tobacco”

alaninquitálima adj. “that cannot be made white (again)”

!alapihta adj. “unshrunk”

!alapulúna adj. “unleavened, unfermented”

(a)láqua adj. and pron. “none”

(a)láquainen adv. “by no means”

(a)láqualdë adv. “in no way, by no method, nohow”

(a)láquan adv. “not (at all)”

alaquandë adv. “not in the least”

(a)láquandon adv. “*like nothing”

alaquenta adj. “well (happily) said”

(a)larca adj. “swift, rapid”

!alarya- v. “to be happy or merry, rejoice”

alaryas adv. “*at no day”

^alas (alast-) n. “marble”

alasaila adj. “unwise”

!alasatya [þ] adj. “common, general, *communal, (lit.) not private”

alassë n. “happiness, joy, merriment”

!alassëa adj. “joyful, happy, *merry”

!alassenyanna adv. “fortunately, (lit.) to my happiness”

^alasta adj. “of marble, marble”

!alasta-¹ v. “to make happy, cheer (up)”

alatwë pron. “neither”

^alatya- v. “to ward off, shield [against]”

!alavahtaina adj. “undefiled”

!alavéla adj. “different, various [pl.]”

!alavistaima adj. “unchangeable”

!alaxë n. “salmon”

alca- v. “to glitter, *shine out, flash”

alca n. “ray of light”

alcar n. “glory, splendour, radiance, brilliance”

alcarin(qua) adj. “glorious, brilliant, radiant”

!alcarvalda adj. “honourable”

!alcarya- v. “to glorify”

alda n. “tree”

aldarembina adj. “tree-meshed”

aldarwa adj. “having trees, tree-grown”

Aldëa n. “*Tuesday, Tree-day (Númenórean)”

^aldeon (aldeond-) n. “avenue (of trees)”

aldinga n. “tree-top”

!aldomë pron. “nowhere”

Aldúya n. “*Tuesday, Day of the Two Trees”

aleldarin adj. “unelvish”

!alermaitë (alermaiti-) adj. “abstract, non-concrete”

alfárima adj. “impossible to pursue”

alfírima adj. “immortal”

Alfírimo n. “Immortal”

alima adj. “fair, good”

alla interj. “welcome, hail”

alla² n. and pron. “nothing”

allan adv. “never, at no time”

all(an)ar adv. “*at no day”

allanë pron. “nobody, nothing (no thing), no one”

allanima pron. “of no sort, of no kind”

allanna adv. “*to nowhere”

allanome(s) adv. “*in no place”

allaro adv. “*for no reason”

alli pron. “of another number, not so many”

allonomello adv. “from no place”

allumë adv. “at no date”

allumë adv. “never”

!almaicata- v. “to blunt, make or become less sharp”

almarë n. “blessedness, blessings, good fortune, bliss”

almárëa adj. “blessed”

almë n. “good (or blessed) thing, blessing, piece of good fortune”

!almien interj. “cheers, (lit.) to good fortune”

^almo n. “shoulder”

!almopocco n. “backpack”

alómëa adj. “voiceless”

!alon (alond-) n. “limestone, (lit.) grow-stone”

!alpa n. “bat [instrument not animal], (lit.) beater”

alqua n. “swan”

!alquen pron. “nobody, no one”

alta adj. “large, great in size”

altancanta- v. “to become unfixed”

!altarnië n. “empire”

^alu n. “(dressed) leather”

!alumo n. “leather-worker”

alvë n. “elm”

alwa adj. “well-grown”

alwara adj. “useless, *worthless”

alya adj. “rich, prosperous, abundant, blessed”

alya- v. “to cause to prosper, bless (a work), help one”

am- pref. “up, upwards”

!amacarastië n. “upbuilding”

amanya adj. “*blessed”

^amapta- v. “to ravish, seize and carry off forcibly”

!amaquat- v. “to fulfill, (lit.) up fill”

!amatengw(i)ë n. “supertitle(s)”

amatixë n. “dot or point placed above the line of writing”

amaurë n. “dawn, early day, morning”

†amaurëa adj. “dawn, early day, morning”

!amavil- v. “to fly up, soar”

amba¹ adv. “up(wards)”

amba² adj. and pron. “more”

!ambahep- v. “to maintain, (lit.) upkeep”

ambal n. “shaped stone, flag [stone]”

!ambalasar (ambalasarn-) n. “stalagmite, (lit.) up-growing stone”

ambalë n. “yellow bird, yellow hammer”

ambalotsë n. “uprising-flower”

am(ba)penda adj. “uphill, *sloping up; arduous, difficult, tiresome”

Ambar n. “The World, Earth, (lit.) Habitation, Settlement”

ambarónë n. “dawn; uprising, sunrise, Orient”

!ambarya adj. “worldwide, world-wide, international, global”

ambë adv. “more”

ambela adv. “further still beyond, far away beyond”

am(be)na adv. “nearer to”

ambo n. “hill, rising ground”

ambon n. “upward slope, hill-side”

!amboraxosta n. “rib cage”

!amboremma n. “bust, (lit.) breast-picture”

^ambos (ambor-) n. “breast, *chest”

!ambostulco n. “bra, (lit.) breast-support”

ambuna adj. “hilly”

!Américárin adj. “American”

amilessë n. “mother-name”

amil(lë) n. “mother”

!amilosto n. “metropolis”

^ammë n. “mummy, mother”

!amna adv. “almost”

amorta- v. “to heave”

ampa n. “hook, crook”

ampana- v. “to build”

ampano n. “building (especially of wood), wooden hall, construction, edifice”

ampanóta- v. “to build, construct, erect a (large) building”

ampanotalëa adj. “architectural”

ampanotastë n. “architecture”

ampendë n. “upward slope”

!ampícië adv. “less”

!ampollië n. “great effort, struggle”

amya n. “mummy, (orig.) my mother”

an conj. and adv. “for, but, then, or; moreover, furthermore”

an- pref. “intensive prefix”

an(a) prep. “to, towards, to a point near, alongside”

^ana- pref. “to, towards”

(a)nacca n. “narrows, defile, pass, cut”

!Anahristo n. “Antichrist”

!anahtai conj. “although, even though, (lit.) against-that-which”

analasta- v. “to listen to”

!analelya- v. “to approach”

ananta conj. “but yet, and yet”

Anar (Anár-) n. “Sun”

anarórë n. “sunrise”

Anarya n. “Sunday, (lit.) Sun-day”

!anasirë n. “tributary”

anastorna adj. “*extremely hard”

!anat prep. “against”

^(ana)tarwesta n. “crucifix(ion)”

!(a)naxë n. “acid”

anca n. “jaws; jaw, row of teeth”

ancárima adj. “easy, (lit.) very doable”

anda adj. “long, far”

!andalango n. “giraffe, (lit.) long-neck”

andalúmë adv. “for a long while”

andamacil n. “long sword”

!andamba- v. “to smite”

andamunda n. “elephant”

andanéya adv. “long ago, once upon a time”

!andanyarro n. “weasel, ferret, mink, stoat, polecat, (lit.) long-rat”

!andarestë n. “long-suffering, patience”

!andarma- v. “to crash”

andatehta n. “long-mark”

andatelco n. “long stem, long leg”

!andatya- v. “to plummet, drop swiftly”

andavanwa adj. “long-passed; long-departed”

andavë adv. “long, at great length”

!andë n. “length”

ando n. “gate, [great] door; †entrances, approaches”

ando² adv. “long”

andólama n. “long consonant”

andon (andond-) n. “great gate”

!andorië n. “landing (place), dock”

!andormen n. “landing pad, landing strip”

!andorya- v. “to land, dock”

!andosan (andosamb-) [þ] n. “vestibule, (lit.) gate room”

andú- pref. “going down, setting (of sun), west”

andul n. “long pole”

andúna adj. “western”

andúnë n. “sunset, evening, (orig.) going down; west”

anë pron. “somebody, something”

anessë n. “given (or added) name, nickname, surname”

anga n. “iron”

angaina adj. “of iron”

angal n. “mirror, *reflective surface”

!angamendar (angamendár-) n. “train station, (lit.) iron way-stop”

!angaraxa n. “train”

!angatië n. “railway line, railroad track, (lit.) iron-road”

ango (angu-) n. “snake, dragon, *serpent”

angulócë n. “dragon”

!angulóceluntë n. “dragon boat”

anna n. “gift, (orig.) thing handed, brought or sent to a person, *present”

an(ner) adv. “at hand”

!annún adv. “at least”

!anqua adj. and adv. “opposite, against”

!anquantaina adj. “complete, thoroughly filled”

^anta n. “face, *front of the head, cheek”

anta- v. “to give, present; †to add to”

!antac- v. “to apply”

!antaitë adj. “generous, (lit.) apt to give”

antaro n. “high mountain, peak, *(lit.) great height”

antë n. “giver (f.)”

!antelwa adj. “later, (lit.) very late”

anto n. “mouth [as a thing for eating]”

anto² n. “giver (m.)”

antorya- v. “to strengthen [of sound]”

antoryamë n. “strengthening”

anya- v. “to reach, arrive at, go to; *to manage, succeed (at something) + infinitive”

!anyaitië n. “range, reach, distance of capability”

!anyára adj. “elder, *senior”

ap- v. “to touch one, concern, affect”

apa¹ prep. “after (of time)”

apa³ conj. “but”

apacen n. “foresight, *(lit.) after-sight”

!apacendo n. “seer, prophet”

apacenya adj. “of foresight”

!apanaina- v. “to regret, (lit.) after-lament”

^apanta- v. “to open, reveal, show, display”

^apantië n. “display, *revealing”

!apaquet- v. “to forebode, foretell, predict”

!apárilë n. “afternoon”

(apa)ruivë n. “wild fire, fire as conflagration”

appa- v. “to touch”

!appalë n. “sense of touch, sensation, feeling [physical]”

apsa¹ n. “meat, cooked food”

apsen- v. “to remit, release, forgive”

apta- v. “to refuse, deny, say nay”

!apterya- v. “to repair, fix, (orig.) make ready again”

!AQ v. “P.S., postscriptum, abbreviation of an quetta”

aqua adv. “fully, completely, altogether, wholly”

aquapahtië n. “privacy, *(lit.) full-closedness”

ar conj. “and”

ar- pref. “by-, beside, near”

ar(a) prep. “beside, next [to], *by”

ar(a)- pref. “noble, high”

!arallië n. “court, (lit.) company of the king”

!aralussë n. “aorist, (lit.) beside-tense”

!aramallë n. “side-street”

aran n. “king”

aranaitë adj. “*kingly, royal”

arandil n. “king’s friend, royalist”

arandur n. “minister, steward, (lit.) king’s servant”

aranel n. “princess”

aranië n. “kingdom”

!aranisquë n. “frankincense”

!aranta- v. “to turn over, (lit.) give by”

!arantyalmë n. “chess, (lit.) king-game”

aranus(së) n. “kingship”

aranya adj. “*royal”

!árasar (árasár-) n. “age (of a person), (lit.) day-tally”

!arasso n. “hart, stag, (male) deer”

arat (arac-) n. “weed”

arata adj. “high, noble, exalted, lofty”

!arátië n. “nobility”

aráto n. “champion, eminent man, noble, lord”

arca adj. “narrow”

arca- v. “*to petition”

arcandë n. “*petition”

arcas (arcast-) n. “crown”

^arcólima adj. “equivalent, (lit.) beside-bear-able”

arda n. “region, realm, particular land or region”

!ardahyalma n. “[planetary] crust”

^arë adv. “beside, along, near”

árë (ári-) n. “sunlight, warmth (especially of the sun); *noontide”

-(á)rë suf. “general action verbal suffix”

!arëa adj. “close, nearby”

!arëassë n. “proximity, vicinity, nearness”

árë nuquerna n. “árë-reversed”

ar(i)- pref. “superlative prefix”

arië n. “daytime”

arimaitë adj. “[most] skillful, *gifted”

arin n. “morning”

!árina adj. “cosy, *comfortably warm”

!arinwat n. “breakfast, (lit.) morning-meal”

arinya adj. “morning, early”

arma n. “ray of sunlight”

armar coll. “goods”

armaro n. “*neighbor”

!armen- v. “to accompany”

!aromundo n. “auroch, kine of Araw”

!arosto n. “suburb(s), suburbia, outskirts (of city, town)”

arpo n. “seizer, thief”

arquen n. “noble, knight”

!arquenië n. “nobility”

!arrongo adv. “right away, promptly, very soon”

arta n. “fort, fortress”

arta¹ adv. “etcetera”

!artanwa n. “award”

!artapano n. “chessboard”

!artatúrë n. “government”

arwa adj. and suf. “possessing, having, in control of”

-arya suf. “*inceptive”

arya adj. “excelling, *better, *best [with definite article + genitive]; [ᴺQ.] *prefer [with dative]”

arya- v. “to excel”

!aryata- v. “to improve”

!aryë adv. “also, as well, besides, too”

aryon n. “heir”

!aryonië n. “inheritance”

as(a)- [þ] pref. “easily”

asa- [þ] v. “to be willing, agree”

!asahanyë [þ] adv. “understandably, of course, (lit.) easily understood”

asalastë [þ] adj. “easily heard”

!asamahtë [þ] adj. “simple, (lit.) easily handled”

asar [þ] n. “fixed time, festival”

asar(o) [þ] n. “doctor, leech”

asarta [þ] n. “doctor, leech”

!ascara adj. “violent, rushing, impetuous”

!ascarë [þ] adj. “easily done”

!ascárima [þ] adj. “easy [to do]”

ascat- v. “to rend, break asunder”

!ascénië [þ] adv. “obviously, *(lit.) easily seen”

ascénima [þ] adj. “visible, easily seen”

!ásë [þ] n. “aid, benefit”

asëa [þ] n. “healing herb”

asëa aranion [þ] n. “kingsfoil, asëa of the Kings”

asië [þ] n. “ease, comfort”

!Asiya n. “Asia”

!asquétima [þ] adj. “easy to say”

assa¹ n. “hole, perforation, opening, mouth”

asta n. “month; division, part (esp. one of other equal parts)”

asta- v. “to heat, bake (by exposure to sun)”

!astai conj. “whereas, (lit.) beside-that-which”

!astaincë n. “particle”

!astal n. “valour”

^astalda adj. “*valiant”

!astallos [þ] n. “azalea, rhododendron”

!astamo n. “member”

astar n. “faith, loyalty”

astarindo n. “bystander; supporter”

astarmo n. “bystander; witness”

asto¹ n. “dust”

asumo [þ] n. “friend at need, friend with shared interests, colleague”

asya- [þ] v. “to ease, assist, comfort”

!asyar [þ] n. “assistant”

!at- v. “to catch, capture”

at(a)- pref. “double, [repeat a] second time; bi-, twi-; back, again, re-”

ata adv. “again, *(lit.) a second time”

ataformaitë adj. “ambidextrous”

!atahenta- v. “to revise, (lit.) re-examine”

atalantë n. “collapse, downfall”

atalantëa adj. “ruinous, downfallen”

atalta- v. “to collapse, fall in, fall down, slip down in ruin”

atamaitë adj. “two-handed”

!atamenta- v. “to transmit”

!atamentië n. “transmission”

atamir n. “heirloom”

Atan n. “Man, (lit.) the Second (People)”

!atandev- v. “to retry”

!atannahtar n. “man-slayer”

!atapengëa adj. “bilabial (of consonants)”

ataquanta- v. “*to refill, fill a second time, double fill”

ataquë n. “construction, building”

!ataquer n. “bike, bicycle”

atar¹ n. “father”

atatya adj. “double”

!atesta- v. “to mention”

atsa¹ n. “claw, catch, hook”

!atsinta- v. “to recognize”

atta num. card. “two”

attalya n. and adj. “biped, *(lit.) two-footed”

attëa num. ord. “second”

!attië n. “group of two, couple, pair”

!attindo n. “doubt, (lit.) two mind”

atto n. “daddy, father (familiar/family)”

atwa adj. “double; either/or”

atwë pron. “another (of two); one of the two”

atya¹ n. “daddy, (my) father”

!atyenárë n. “anniversary”

au- pref. “away (from)”

au¹ adv. “away, off, not here (of position)”

au² adv. “if only”

!auca adj. “foolish”

!aucelië n. “sewer, (lit.) away-flowing”

!aucië n. “foolishness”

aucir- v. “to cut off (and get rid of or lose a portion)”

!auhanta n. “refuse, trash, garbage, (lit.) thing thrown away”

aulë n. “invention”

!aulerya- v. “to rid, free somebody of something”

!aumanca- v. “to sell, (lit.) trade away”

!aumapando n. “abductor, (lit.) away-seizer”

!aumenta- v. “to dismiss, divorce, (lit.) away-send”

!aumentalë n. “dismissal, divorce”

!aupenya adj. “complete, without lack”

^auqua adj. “awkward, clumsy”

!auquer- v. “to reject, (lit.) turn away”

aura n. “possession, thing owned”

aurë n. “day (as opposed to night), daylight, morning”

^aurëa adj. “sunny, sunlit; *daytime”

!aurehen (aurehend-) n. “dandelion, (lit.) day-eye”

^aurië n. “wealth [of possessions]”

ausa [þ] n. “dim shape, spectral or vague apparition”

!ausatië adv. “especially, (lit.) setting aside”

^aut (auc-) n. “fool, clumsy fellow”

auta-¹ v. “to go (away), depart, leave; [variant: vanya-] to pass away, disappear, be lost”

auta-² v. “to invent, originate, devise”

!autaila adj. “going away, passing away”

autas (*autass-) n. “a former occur[rence]”

^autë n. “property”

!autulya- v. “to deport, (lit.) bring away”

!autulyalë n. “deportation”

au(vë) adv. “might (have), would (have)”

auvië n. “possession (abstract), *the act of possessing”

ava- pref. “without”

áva particle. “don’t, negative imperative”

ava-¹ v. “to refuse, forbid”

ava¹ adv. and adj. “outside, beyond; outer, exterior”

ava-² pref. “negation (refusing or forbidden)”

avahaira adj. “*far beyond, very remote”

avalda [w] adj. “move[d], stirred, excited”

avalerya- v. “to restrain, to deprive of liberty”

!avamarwa adj. “homeless”

!avamat- v. “to fast, (lit.) refuse to eat”

!avamolië n. “(labour) strike, (lit.) refusal to work”

!avanev- v. “to avoid, (lit.) refuse to face”

avanir n. “unwill”

avanwa adj. “refused, forbidden, banned”

avanyárima adj. “unspeakable, what one must not tell, not to be told or related”

avaquétima adj. “not to be said, that must not be said”

avar adv. “away down”

!avarta- v. “to abandon”

!avatup- v. “to uncover, expose”

avatyar- v. “*to forgive, (lit.) do away with”

^avëalta- v. “to resemble closely”

axan n. “commandment, [divine] law or rule”

!axanwë n. “logic, (orig.) law of thought”

!axanwëa adj. “logical”

axë n. “neck [vertebrae], *(upper) spine; rock ridge”

^axë (axi-) n. “steel”

!axendë n. “marrow”

^axína adj. “(of) steel, *like steel”

axo¹ n. “bone”

!axosta n. “skeleton”

!axula adj. “bony”

áya n. “awe”

!cacanna- v. “to announce repeatedly, herald, propagate, advertise”

!cacannalë n. “advertisement”

cacarra- v. “to keep on doing, *continue”

!cacátu- v. “to design, shape or fashion slowly”

!cacáva n. “cocoa”

^cahta n. “cause, motive, reason”

caila adj. “lying in bed, *abed”

caima n. “bed, couch”

caimasan (caimasamb-) [þ] n. “bedchamber”

caimassë n. “sickness, (lit.) lying in bed”

caimassëa adj. “bedridden, sick, confined to bed, a-bed”

!caimen n. “horizontal direction”

!caimenya adj. “horizontal”

!cainu- v. “to lie down, *bend down; [with locative] to endure, suffer (from)”

!caira adj. “eager [to do]”

caita-¹ v. “to lie (down)”

caita-² v. “*to lay (transitive); to place”

cal- v. “to shine”

cala n. “light”

^calaina adj. “serene”

^calainë n. “serenity”

calambar adj. “*light-fated”

!calampa n. “spoon”

calar n. “lamp”

calarus (calarust-) n. “polished copper”

!calarwa adj. “optical”

^calas (calass-) n. “brass”

^calassina adj. “brazen, *made of brass”

!calatengwë n. “photograph, (lit.) light-writing”

calca n. “glass”

!calcata- v. “to glaze”

!calcëa adj. “glassy, of glass”

!caldomya- v. “to dazzle, (lit.) to light-blind”

calima adj. “bright, luminous”

calina adj. “light, bright, sunny, (lit.) illumined”

^callë n. “fair weather, clear sky, blue sky”

^calleva adj. “fair (weather or complexion)”

!callië n. “heroism”

callo n. “noble man, hero”

!callovëa adj. “heroic, hero-like”

calma n. “lamp, (device for shining) light”

calmatan n. “lampwright”

!calmatarma n. “lampstand”

calmatéma n. “k-series”

calpa n. “water-vessel, bucket”

calpa- v. “to draw water, scoop out, bale out”

calta- v. “to kindle, (cause to) shine, light up, set light to”

^calwa adj. “lurid”

calya- v. “to illuminate”

!cam- v. “to fit, suit, be agreeable”

^cáma n. “guilt, responsibility”

!camaitë (camaiti-) adj. “suitable, fitting”

!cámalóra adj. “innocent”

!cámayanca n. “guilt-offering”

camba n. “(cupped) hand, hollow of the hand”

!cambië n. “profit, gain, intake, income”

!camma n. “receptacle”

^campo n. “flea”

!can- v. “to claim, demand (when applied to things)”

!cána adv. “backward”

ca(na)sta fraction. “one fourth, *quarter”

^candóla n. “crown of head”

!canguru n. “kangaroo”

cáno n. “commander, chief(tain), ruler, governor; †crier, herald”

!canquain num. card. “forty”

^canquë num. card. “*fourteen”

!canquëa num. ord. “fourteenth”

canta¹ num. card. “four”

canta² n. “shape, framework, frame; shaped”

^cantallumë adv. “four times”

!cantalya adj. and n. “four-legged, quadruped, (lit.) four-footed”

cantaro n. “shaper”

cantëa num. ord. “fourth”

cantëa adj. “shapely”

!cantemma n. “shaped image, sculpture”

cantië n. “pattern”

!cantil (cantild-) n. “quadrangle, *quadrilateral, rectangle, square”

!cantilya adj. “quadrangular”

!canton (cantond-) n. “soapstone, (lit.) sculpted rock”

^canu n. “lead [metal]”

^canuina adj. “of lead”

^canuva adj. “leaden”

canwa¹ n. “announcement, order”

!canwahimië n. “obedience”

!canwahimya adj. “obedient”

canya- v. “?to command”

cap- v. “to leap, jump”

!capaitë adj. “leaping, bounding”

^capanda n. “jump”

capsa n. “case, vessel, *container”

^capta- v. “to make spring, scatter; to startle”

car- v. “to do, make”

car¹ (card-) n. “building, house”

caraitë (caraiti-) adj. “active, busy”

caraitië n. “activity, business”

!cáralannë n. “bandana, kerchief, (lit.) head-cloth”

caranya- v. “to make red, redden”

^caras (caras-) n. “lettuce”

carassë n. “built fort or dwelling surrounded by bulwarks”

^carasta n. “making, manufacture, construction”

carasta- v. “to build, construct”

!carastanyarro n. “beaver, (lit.) build-rat”

caraxë n. “jagged hedge of spikes, row of spikes or teeth”

carca n. “fang, tooth, tusk”

carcanë n. “row of teeth”

^carcapolca n. “boar, *(lit.) tusk-pig”

^carcara adj. “toothed”

!carcaran n. “crocodile, (lit.) toothed-beam”

^carcasarma [þ] n. “large saw”

!carcatangwa n. “zip fastener, zipper, (lit.) tooth-clasp”

carda n. “deed, *action”

-carë suf. “action, doing, making”

carië n. “doing, making”

!cariendë n. “production, process of manufacture”

cárima adj. “feasible, possible (to do), able to be done, able to be made”

carina adj. “done, made, finished”

!cariquetta n. “verb”

carma² n. “tool, implement, means, weapon”

!carmatan (carmatam-) n. “toolsmith”

carmë n. “production, making; structure”

!carmen (carmend-) n. “recipe”

carnë (carni-) adj. “red, scarlet”

^carniambos n. “robin, (lit.) red-breast”

!carnicumbo n. “bullfinch, (lit.) red-belly”

carnië n. “*redness”

!carpalos [þ] n. “tulip, (lit.) hat-flower”

!carpë n. “hat”

!carranta n. “strategy, (lit.) action-course”

carrëa n. “tressure, *headdress”

-carya suf. “-doing”

cas (car-) n. “head, top”

Casar n. “Dwarf”

cas(ta) adv. “to(wards) the top, upwards”

!castëa adj. “top (with added sense of prominent, chief)”

castol(o) n. “helmet”

!castor n. “beaver”

cat- v. “to shape, fashion”

ca(ta) prep. “behind, at back of place; after”

!catal n. “to buzz, hum”

!catamen n. “background, milieu”

!catassa n. “anus, arsehole, (lit.) behind-hole”

cato adv. “afterwards”

!catta n. “back”

cauma n. “protection, shelter; shield”

cav- v. “to receive, *accept”

!cava- v. “to contain, hold”

!cávima adj. “acceptable”

†-cca suf. “your (dual)”

†-ccë suf. “you (dual)”

cé¹ adv. “may (be)”

cëa n. “*hedge”

!cecenna- v. “to visit”

^cecet n. “pheasant”

^cehtecet n. “clucking”

^céla adv. “maybe not”

^celeta n. “trickle”

celima adj. “fluent, *able to flow freely”

celma n. “channel”

^celu n. “source, origin”

celu- v. “to (begin to) flow, spring forth (of water)”

!celumar n. “origin (esp. of people/languages), [German] urheimat, (lit.) source-home”

celumë n. “flow(ing), stream, flood (tide)”

celundë n. “welling forth”

celurë n. “fountain”

celussë n. “freshet, water falling out swiftly from a rocky spring”

^celusta n. “outflow”

celut n. “rivulet”

^celuva adj. “original”

celva n. “animal, living thing that moves”

!celvacir n. “butcher”

!celvamatta n. “animal food”

!celvamatya adj. “carnivorous, (lit.) animal-eating”

!celvatarwa n. “zoo, (lit.) life-garden”

!celvavëa adj. “animal-like”

!celvë n. “hind, deer, doe”

!cémë n. “clay”

!cemellet (cemellept-) n. “asparagus, (lit.) earth-finger”

cemen n. “the earth; earth, soil”

!cemendur n. “farmer”

!cemenquasië [þ] n. “earthquake”

!cemië n. “chemistry”

!cemievëa adj. “chemical”

cemna adj. “of earth, earthen”

cemnaro n. “potter”

!cemnassë n. “earthenware, pottery”

!cemorva n. “potato, (lit.) earth-apple”

cen n. “sight, *sense of sight”

cen- v. “to see, behold, look, *perceive”

cenai conj. “if it be that”

cenasta adv. “if it be so, may be, perhaps”

cenda n. “inspection, reading”

cenda- v. “to watch (intensively), observe (for some time); to read”

cendelë n. “face, *visage”

cénima adj. “visible, able to be seen”

cenítë adj. “seeing, *able to see”

!cennomë n. “point of view, vista”

centa n. “enquiry, *essay”

cenya adj. “*seeing”

!céquen n. “candidate, (lit.) opportunity-person”

!céquenus(së) n. “candidacy”

!céquenusta- v. “to apply, become a candidate”

Cermië n. “July”

certa n. “rune”

ces- [þ] v. “to search, examine (in order to find something)”

!cesië [þ] n. “search”

cesta-² v. “to ask”

!cesula [þ] adj. “inquisitive, curious”

cesya- [þ] v. “to cause interest, interest (oneself), (lit.) to cause one to enquire”

!cesyarë [þ] n. “interest”

!cesyarëa [þ] adj. “interesting”

!céta- v. “to offer, propose, suggest; (lit.) to make an opportunity”

ceula adj. “?alive (of vegetable)”

ceulë n. “*renewal”

ceura adj. “renewed”

ceuran (*ceurán-) n. “new-moon”

ceuranar (ceuranár-) n. “new sun after solstice”

ceuta- v. “to renew, refresh”

céva adj. “fresh, new”

!cil- v. “to choose, select”

cilin n. “glass [transluscent or reflective]”

cilintilla n. “looking-glass, *mirror”

cilinyul (*cilinyulm-) n. “drinking-vessel (made of glass)”

cilmë n. “choice, choosing, *selection”

cilmessë n. “self-name”

!cilometer n. “kilometer”

!cilta- v. “to divide, separate”

!ciltië n. “division, separation”

^cim- v. “to heed, *obey”

címa n. “edge of a cutting weapon/tool”

cimba n. “edge, brink”

!cimba- v. “to care”

!címëa adj. “edged”

!Cimrinórin adj. and n. “Welsh”

cin- pref. “a certain amount of (any amount larger than the (very) small)”

cina adj. and pron. “a certain quantity, some, a certain amount, a little (when little is precise and not partitive)”

cir- v. “to cut, cleave; *to separate from”

circa n. “sickle”

^cirda n. “splinter, wood shaving”

!cirihta- v. “to reap, harvest”

!cirihtor n. “reaper”

cirincë n. “scarlet-plumed species of bird”

cirissë n. “slash, gash”

cirma n. “knife”

cirmacin (cirmacim-) n. “knife-edge”

cirya¹ n. “(sharp-prowed) ship”

cirya² n. “cleft, pass”

!ciryacarmen n. “shipyard”

ciryahto n. “shipwright, *[subordinate] ship-crafter”

ciryamo n. “mariner”

!ciryampa n. “anchor, (lit.) boat-hook”

ciryando n. “sailor”

ciryaquen n. “shipman, sailor”

^ciryassëa adj. “*ship-board, on-board, what is on board ship”

!ciryasta n. “fleet (of ships)”

ciryasta- v. “to sail [a ship], *make a ship go”

!(cirya)talan (ciryatalam-) n. “deck (of a ship), main deck”

ciryatan (*ciryatam-) n. “shipbuilder, shipwright”

^citya- v. “to tickle”

^cityalë n. “tickling”

^cityalëa adj. “ticklish, susceptible, sensitive”

cöa n. “house; outhouse, shed, hut, booth; building used for a dwelling or other purposes; †body”

cöacalina n. “light of the house, indwelling spirit”

!cöacolindo n. “snail, (lit.) house-bearer”

!cöantur n. “householder, master of the house”

!coilemma n. “fossil, biological artifact/relic”

coimas (*coimass-) n. “life-bread, lembas”

coimen (coimend-) n. “life-year”

^coina adj. “alive”

!coingolmë n. “biology”

coirë n. “stirring, early spring”

coirëa adj. “living”

coita- v. “to live, be alive, have life”

^coiva adj. “lively”

!coivenqua adj. “lively, vibrant, vivacious, (lit.) full of life”

coivië n. “life, liveliness”

col- v. “to bear, *carry, wear”

colbanavië n. “gestation, *(lit.) womb-being”

^colca n. “box”

!colcallë n. “phylactery, (lit.) little box”

^cólë n. “passivity, endurance, patience; a passive individual”

^cólema n. “patience, endurance; hardship”

^cólemaina adj. “patient”

^cóleva adj. “passive”

cólima adj. “bearable, light (of burdens and things comparable, troubles, labors, afflications)”

colindo n. “bearer”

colla adj. “borne, worn”

collo n. “cloak”

!colma n. “stretcher”

cólo n. “burden”

coloitë (coloiti-) adj. “capable of bearing, tolerant (of), enduring”

coloitië n. “endurance, staunchness, fortitude”

!cólolantë n. “relief, (lit.) fall of the burden”

!colonda adj. “burdened, weighed down, sad”

^colosta n. “cucumber”

!colta- v. “to lade, burden, weigh down”

^colucë n. “strainer”

!comë (comi-) n. “group”

!cómë n. “file”

comya- v. “to collect”

coranar (coranár-) n. “(solar) year, (lit.) sun-round”

corco n. “crow”

^corda n. “temple”

!cordamo n. “cleric”

^cordon n. “idol”

corin n. “circular enclosure, great circular hedge”

corma n. “ring”

corna adj. “round, globed”

^cornë n. “loaf”

coromindo n. “cupola, dome”

coron (corn-) n. “mound; globe, ball”

coron (corn-) n. “globe, ball”

!corpë n. “skull”

^corta- v. “to roll (up), pack”

!cortangwa n. “button, (lit.) circle-fastener”

corto n. “circle”

costa- v. “to quarrel, debate, dispute, *argue”

^costaima adj. “debatable”

^costë n. “quarrel, dispute; legal action”

!costula adj. “quarrelsome, belligerent”

cotto n. “*enemy”

cotumo n. “enemy”

!cotwë n. “struggle, wrestling”

cotya adj. “hostile”

cú n. “bow”

cucua n. “dove”

cucumba- v. “to nod repeatedly, (lit.) keep on bowing”

!cucuollë n. “turtledove”

!cuilórë n. “day-dream, (lit.) awake-dream”

!cuilórëa adj. “absent-minded, (lit.) day-dreamy”

^cuita- v. “to waken, rouse”

!cuitar n. “alarm, device to waken somebody”

!cuiva adj. “awake”

cuivëa adj. “wakening”

cuivië¹ n. “awakening”

culda adj. “flame-coloured, golden-red”

culina adj. “flame-coloured, golden-red”

^cullingwë n. “goldfish”

†cullo n. “red gold”

!culmírë n. “sardius, carneol [carnelian], (lit.) orange-jewel”

culuina adj. “orange (coloured)”

culuma n. “orange [fruit]”

culumalda n. “laburnum, *(lit.) orange-tree”

!culvelyávë n. “pumpkin”

cúma n. “void”

cumba adj. “*bellied”

!cumbo n. “belly”

cumna adj. “empty”

!cumya- v. “to empty”

cúna adj. “bent, curved, *concave”

cúna- v. “to bend”

cundo (cundu-) n. “lord, guardian, prince”

cunduina adj. “of princes, princely”

^cúnë n. “crescent, arch”

!cungandë n. “violin, (lit.) bow-harp”

^cunya- v. “to rule, *govern, reign over”

!cupta n. “deception, lie”

!cupta- v. “to deceive, lie”

!cuptalë n. “deception, deceit”

!cuptamo n. “liar, deceiver”

curo (curu-) n. “skillful (?device)”

curu n. “skill”

^curuni n. “witch, *sorceress, female magician (not necessarily evil)”

!curwa adj. “cunning, skillful”

curwë n. “craft, skill of the hand, technical skill and invention”

!curwesta n. “technology”

cuv- v. “to conceal, *hide”

cuv- v. “to bow [the body]”

cúvima adj. “concealable”

cuvo n. “hider”

cuvoitë (cuvoiti-) adj. “hiding, secretive; treacherous”

cúvula adj. “flexible, pliant”

-da suf. “product of an action”

-e suf. “plural of adjectives”

e pron. “he, she, it”

é interj. “indeed”

Eä n. “Creation, the (Material) Universe, Cosmos, †World; it is, let it be, all that is”

ëa- v. “to be, exist, have being, be found extant in the real world”

-ëa¹ suf. “continuative present”

-ëa² suf. “ordinal suffix”

!ëandë n. “surprise, feeling of surprise”

ëar n. “sea, great sea, open sea”

!ëarel n. “starfish, (lit.) sea-star”

ëaren n. “ocean, great sea”

ëarendur n. “(professional) mariner”

Eärenya n. “Sea-day, *Thursday”

!ëarina adj. “of the sea”

!ëarra (ëarráv-) n. “seal, sea lion”

ëarráman (ëarrámand-) n. “great ship for sailing on the Great Sea”

!ëarsil n. “pearl, (lit.) sea-sheen”

ëaruilë n. “seaweed”

^ëasta n. “existence, being”

ec- v. “to have a chance of; may, can”

!ecca n. “hole, *lair”

!eccahta n. “hawthorn, (lit.) thorn-hedge”

eccaira adj. “?out-far”

!eccalda n. “cactus, (lit.) spine tree”

!eccan- v. “to proclaim, assert, (lit.) forth-call out”

eccë pron. “you (emphatic familiar)”

ecces- [þ] v. “to find out, bring out by examining or eyeing[?]”

eccet pron. “you (emphatic familiar dual)”

ecco n. “spine, thorn, point”

^eccoia adj. “thorny”

(ec)coiru- v. “to come to life”

!eccol- v. “to export”

!eccuinu- v. “to awake, wake up”

ecellë n. “urchin, hedgehog”

!ecesta n. “opportunity, chance”

ecet n. “short stabbing sword”

^ef- v. “to emerge (especially from water)”

^ehta- v. “to stab”

ehtë (*ehti-) n. “spear”

ehtelë n. “spring, issue of water”

ehtelu- v. “to well, bubble up”

!ehten n. “outlook, sight, view, spectacle”

!ehtipolca n. “porcupine, (lit.) spike-pig”

ehtyar n. “spearman”

†él n. “star”

ela interj. “behold!”

!elanar n. “pimpernel, (lit.) sun-star”

Elda n. “Elf, (lit.) one of the Star-folk”

^eldafindë n. “maidenhair fern, (lit.) elf tress”

Eldalië n. “People of the Eldar, Elven-folk, Elf-folk”

Eldarin adj. and n. “of the Eldar; Elvish (language)”

!eldë pron. “you (plural emphatic)”

élë n. “star-ray, beam, flashing of [?starry] light”

!elecetomacnetëa adj. “electromagnetic”

elen n. “star”

!elengolmë n. “astronomy”

!elenitsë n. “firefly, (lit.) star-fly”

!elenta- v. “to impress, (lit.) make marvel”

!elentaula adj. “impressive”

!elentirmen n. “astronomical observatory, (lit.) star-watch-place”

Elenya n. “Saturday, *Star-day”

elenya adj. “adjective referring to the stars, *of the stars, stellar”

!elhísë [þ] n. “nebula, star cloud”

!élicombë n. “galaxy, collection of stars”

ella pron. “of you, for you”

ellë pron. “you (emphatic polite)”

ellet pron. “you (emphatic polite dual)”

ellöa n. “next year”

^ellumë adv. “once, one time”

!elma n. “wonder, miracle”

!elma- v. “to marvel at, admire”

^elmenda n. “wonder, wonderment”

!elmendëa adj. “wonderful”

elta pron. “his, *her, its (emphatic possessive)”

elta- v. “to speed, send [flying], *thrust, drive”

elvë pron. “we (emphatic inclusive)”

elvëa adj. “starlike”

elyë pron. “you (emphatic polite)”

!em- v. “to depict, portray”

!emba- v. “to paint, draw (something)”

!embë n. “painting, drawing”

!(e)mecima adj. “accurate, always aiming at the mark”

emel n. “love [abstract]”

emer- v. “?to herd (sheep)”

!emerro n. “shepherd, herdsman”

emerwen n. “shepherdess”

!emino n. “character (in a story)”

emma n. “picture, *image”

emma pron. “*our (emphatic possessive exclusive)”

!emmaparma n. “photo album, (lit.) picture-book”

!emmasta n. “gallery”

!emmata- v. “to draw/create (a picture); to photograph”

emmë pron. “we (emphatic exclusive)”

emmë¹ pron. “*we (emphatic exclusive dual)”

emmet pron. “we (emphatic exclusive dual)”

!emnotosta n. “framerate, FPS (frames per second)”

!empatyellë n. “advancement, progress”

empollië adv. “*retrying, redoing, another attempt”

en adv. “(then) soon, in that (future) case; there, yonder; look yon(der)”

en- pref. “re-, again”

én adv. “then, next”

^enar n. “tomorrow”

enatwa adj. “the second (of two)”

-enca suf. “without, -less”

enda n. “heart; centre, *interior”

!endaurë n. “noon, (lit.) mid-day”

endë n. “centre, middle; core”

endëa adj. “middle”

!endemat (endematt-) n. “lunch, (lit.) mid-meal”

!endenta- v. “to center, centralise; to focus, focalise”

ender n. “bridegroom, *groom, fiancé”

!Endëranda n. “Middle-Ages”

enel prep. “in the middle, between”

enelmo n. “go-between, intervener, intermediary, mediator”

enenquë num. card. “sixteen”

!enenquëa num. ord. “sixteenth”

!eneques n. “rumor, (lit.) re-saying”

!ener(a) adv. “on, onward, further”

!enet- adj. “spare, extra, more than needed”

!enetya adj. “spare, extra, more than needed”

enga prep. “save, *except”

engwa pron. “*our (emphatic possessive inclusive)”

engwa adj. “sickly”

engwë pron. “we (emphatic inclusive)”

engwë n. “thing [that exists]”

eñgwet pron. “we (emphatic inclusive dual)”

enna¹ n. “fact, (primary) thing [that exists]”

ennë n. “thought, purpose”

!ennóna adj. “born again”

!Ennosta n. “Renaissance”

!enortalë n. “resurrection”

!enquain num. card. “sixty”

enquanta- v. “to refill”

enquë num. card. “six”

enquëa num. ord. “sixth”

^enquellumë adv. “six times”

enquesta fraction. “one sixth”

enquet- v. “to repeat, say again”

enquië n. “Elvish week of six days”

enta adj. “another, one more; that yonder, then (fut.), next”

entallo adv. “*from there (more remote)”

entallumë adv. “*at that (future) time”

entar adv. “the next day”

entaryas adv. “the next day”

entas(së) adv. “there away over there”

entë¹ adv. “moreover, further(more), what is more; *next (of time or in a sequence)”

entul- v. “to come again, return”

entulessë n. “return”

envinyata- v. “to renew, heal, *restore”

enwa adv. “yet”

enwina adj. “old”

enya¹ adj. “*central”

enya² adv. “at some distant time, that far away”

enyal- v. “to recall, *remember”

!enyálëa adj. “memorial”

enyalië n. “memory, (lit.) recalling”

enyallo adv. “*from there (more remote)”

enyallumë adv. “at that distant date”

enyan(an) adv. “then, at some distant time”

enyanna adv. “*to there (more remote)”

enyanomë adv. “*in that (remote) place”

enyar adv. “*on some distant future day”

enyárë adv. “in that day”

enyassë adv. “there far away, far away over there”

†eo pron. “person, somebody (unnamed)”

epë prep. “after (of time), following; before (in all relations but time)”

!epeharmo n. “president”

!epemat (epematt-) n. “dessert, (lit.) after-meal”

!epemma n. “example”

epeni adv. “before”

epessë n. “after-name”

epetai conj. “consequently, thereupon, thence, whereupon, (lit.) following which (fact)”

!epta- v. “to offer, place at somebody’s disposal, (lit.) to [make be in] front”

equë v. “say, says, said”

eques (equess-) n. “saying, (current or proverbial) dictum, quotation from someone’s uttered words, *quote, statement”

!equi conj. “even if, even though, (lit.) indeed-if”

er adj. and adv. “one, alone”

erca n. “prickle, spine”

erca- v. “to prick”

ercassë n. “holly”

^erda adj. “solitary, deserted”

erdë n. “singularity”

erdë¹ n. “seed, germ”

!erdevainë n. “seed pod, peapod”

érë n. “existing, existence”

eressë n. “solitude, separation, isolation”

eressëa adj. “lonely”

!eretildo n. “unicorn”

!erië n. “oneness”

erinqua adj. “single, alone”

!eripsinwa adj. “simple, (lit.) single-threaded”

!eritë adj. “singular”

erma n. “(physical) matter”

!ermaitë (ermaiti-) adj. “concrete, material”

!ermangolmë n. “study of matter, physics, [possibly also] chemistry”

!ernóna adj. “only-born, only-begotten”

erquáqua adj. “every/each single”

erquáquë pron. “one and all, to each individually”

erquáquima pron. “of each kind”

!erta- v. “to unite”

!ertië n. “union”

Eru n. “The One, God”

erumë n. “desert”

!Erutercáno n. “prophet, (lit.) God-herald”

Eruva adj. “divine”

erya adj. “single, sole, only”

!essana- v. “to reconsider”

essë¹ n. “name”

^esta adv. “outwards”

esta-¹ v. “to name”

esta¹ pron. “*his, hers, its (emphatic possessive other)”

estaina adj. “named, *called”

estat- v. “to distribute (in even portions), *partition”

!estatië n. “portion, share”

!estatina adj. “divided, shared, distributed”

estë pron. “he, she, it (emphatic other)”

estel n. “hope, trust, *faith”

!estelenca adj. “hopeless, despairing, desperate”

!estelya- v. “to hope”

estirnë n. “brow”

esto pron. “they (emphatic dual)”

!estolië n. “camp”

estu pron. “they (emphatic dual other)”

et prep. “out (of)”

!etanta- v. “to publish, (lit.) out-give”

et(e)- pref. “forth, out”

!etehat- v. “to throw out”

etelehta- v. “*to deliver, (lit.) free from”

!etelehto n. “deliverer”

!etelelya- v. “to go into exile, go out”

!etelesta- v. “to measure (out)”

!etemen- v. “to go out, go forth”

!etementa- v. “to banish, send out, (lit.) out-send”

eteminya adj. “prominent”

!etequet- v. “to confess, speak out”

!eterahta- v. “to reach out”

eterúna- v. “*to deliver, (lit.) free from”

!etevatta- v. “to trample out”

ethenta- v. “to read aloud”

^etil n. “ivy”

!etsahta- v. “to force out”

!etsatië adv. “especially”

etsë n. “outside, exterior”

!etsen- v. “to let loose, release, forget”

!etserca- v. “to bleed out, exsanguinate”

etsir n. “mouth of a river, *(lit.) outflow”

!etsonga- v. “to blurt out, (lit.) mouth out [something]”

etsurya- [þ] v. “to go out, *blow out”

etta conj. “*therefore, (lit.) out of that”

!ettalan n. “balcony”

!ettanië n. “spectacle, (lit.) showing forth”

!ettë pron. “they (two)”

ettë¹ adj. and adv. “outside”

ettelë n. “outer lands, foreign parts”

ettelëa adj. “foreign”

!ettemo n. “foreigner”

!ettir- v. “to watch out, spy on”

!ettirno n. “spy”

ettu pron. “they (emphatic dual)”

!ettuc- v. “to draw out”

ettul- v. “*to come forth, come out, issue”

!etulya- v. “to pour forth, pour out”

etwa pron. and conj. “the other (of two), second (in numerals); or else”

etwan adv. “the second time”

etwë pron. “the other (of two)”

!etwen n. “exit”

etya adj. “exiled”

etya² pron. “*your (emphatic possessive familiar)”

!etyanetië n. “hypocrisy”

^eulë n. “lamb”

^evandil n. “[Christian] missionary”

^evandilyon n. “gospel”

évëa adj. “future”

!exanen adv. “otherwise, in an other way”

fafarra- v. “*to keep on hunting”

fai adv. “*before of time”

faica adj. “contemptible, mean”

faila adj. “fair-minded, just, generous”

!failanta adj. “justified”

!failassë n. “justice, fair-mindedness”

!failata- v. “to justify”

!failatië n. “justification”

faina- v. “to emit light”

fairë n. “spirit (disembodied), phantom; †radiance”

!falampa n. “whip”

!falarië n. “splashing, splash”

^falarya- v. “to splash”

falassë n. “(wave-beaten) shore, seashore, line of surf”

!falassëa adj. “coastal”

falasta- v. “to foam, surge, make a sound like surf”

fallë n. “foam”

falma n. “(crested or foaming) wave, breaker”

!falmaril n. “aquamarine, (lit.) wave-crystal”

falmar(in) (falmarind-) n. “sea-spirit, nymph, sea-fay (male), spirit of the sea foam”

!falmasil [þ] n. “mareel, sea sparkle, milky seas, blue tide, (lit.) wave-sheen”

!falpa- v. “to flog”

!falwa adj. “turquoise, (lit.) pale surf colour”

fana n. “raiment, veil; (bright) shape or figure; bodily form of an angelic spirit”

fána adj. “white”

fanga n. “beard”

!fanorcarnë n. “sardonyx”

fanta- v. “to veil, cloak, mantle; [ᴺQ.] to muffle”

^fantercenya adj. “perspicacious, penetrating of sight or understanding”

fanto n. “whale”

fanwa n. “veil, screen”

fanwë n. “vapour, steam”

fanya n. “(white) cloud, white and shining [thing]”

fanyarë n. “the skies (not heaven or firmament), the upper airs and clouds”

fara- v. “to hunt”

faralë n. “hunting”

!Faranconórë n. “France”

^farasta n. “hunting, the chase”

farastëa adj. “of the chase (that it is proper to hunt)”

fárëa adj. “enough, sufficient”

faren adv. “enough”

farina adj. “fugitive, hunted”

!farinë n. “vermin”

farino n. “hunted man, outlaw, fugitive”

farma n. “?carpet”

farmë n. “sufficiency, plenitude, all that is wanted”

farna n. “quarry, prey”

farnë (farni-) n. “ash, rowan”

!farta- v. “to sate, satisfy”

farya- v. “to suffice”

fas (fass-) n. “fringe, tassel”

^fassalë n. “(tasseled) fringe”

fassë n. “tangled hair, shaggy lock”

!fassëa adj. “shaggy, tangled [hair]”

^fassitë adj. “tasseled”

fasta adj. “pleased”

fasta-¹ v. “to tangle”

fasta-² v. “to please”

fauca adj. “thirsty, parched, (lit.) open-mouthed”

fëa n. “(indwelling or incarnate) spirit, soul”

fëafelmë n. “*spirit-impulse”

!fehta- v. “to destroy, ruin, spoil”

^fehtar n. “destroyer”

!fel- v. “to feel (emotions)”

felmë n. “*emotion, impulse”

!felminqua adj. “passionate, full of feeling”

!félula adj. “sensitive, (lit.) apt to feel”

felya n. “mine, boring, tunnel”

fenda n. “threshold”

!fendassë n. “doorway, gateway”

fendë n. “door”

!fennatir n. “door-watcher”

fenta- v. “to begin”

feren (fern-) n. “beech-tree”

férima adj. “ready to hand, (quickly) available”

ferinya adj. “beechen”

ferna n. “mast, beechnuts”

!ferya adj. “quick, ready, prompt”

ferya- v. “to make ready (promptly), *prepare”

!feuna adj. “abhorred, aghast”

feuya- v. “to feel disgust at, abhor”

fifíru- v. “to slowly fade away”

!filiculumpë n. “ostrich, (lit.) sparrow-camel”

filincë n. “finch”

filit (filic-) n. “small bird, sparrow”

!fillannë n. “sack-cloth”

^filquë n. “fern”

fimbë (fimbi-) adj. “slender, *thin”

finca¹ adj. “clever (in petty ways), *tricky”

!fincamo n. “trickster”

finda¹ adj. “having hair, -haired”

finda² adj. “fine and delicately made”

findë n. “hair (especially of the head); tress or plait of hair, braid of hair”

findelë n. “tress, lock [of hair]”

findessë n. “head of hair, person’s hair as a whole”

!findimaitar n. “barber, hairdresser”

!findori n. “barley”

finë n. “larch”

finë (fini-) n. “(single) hair, filament”

fínë n. “dexterity”

!finëa adj. “downy, hairy [specifically fine, light hair]”

fínëa adj. “dexterous”

^finië n. “cunning”

finta- v. “to make, finish off, decorate a thing with delicate work; to show skill”

fintalë n. “trick”

!fintemótalë n. “industry, (lit.) making toil”

finwa adj. “dexterous, clever; fine, delicate”

finya adj. “clever”

finya- v. “to do/make a thing (with fine work)”

!finyalë n. “cleverness”

fion (fiond-) n. “hawk”

fir- v. “to die, fade, †expire, breathe forth”

firë n. “mortal man”

fírië n. “death (of Men), *natural death”

fírima adj. “mortal, *(lit.) able to die”

fírimárë n. “mortality, the state of being mortal”

firin adj. “dead (by natural cause)”

^firinga n. “necklace, carcanet”

firya adj. “human; mortal”

!fisica n. “physics”

fó interj. “nay, no”

föa n. “breath, puff of breath”

föalócë n. “*breath-dragon”

!föapumpo n. “puffball mushroom, (lit.) puff-bubble”

!Foinicer n. “Phoenicians”

!folda adj. “weak”

for- pref. “right-hand, north”

!Foralcar n. “aurora, (lit.) northern radiance”

forma n. “right-hand”

formaitë adj. “righthanded”

formen n. “north, right-hand [direction]”

formenya adj. “northern”

forna adj. “northern”

!fornúmen n. and adj. “northwest”

!fornúna adj. “northwestern”

!forrómen n. and adj. “northeast”

!forróna adj. “northeastern”

fortë (forti-) adj. “right or north”

forya adj. “right (hand), dexter”

fúmë n. “breath”

ha pron. “it, abstract subject”

^hac- v. “to squat”

hac- v. “to yawn”

hácala adj. “yawning”

^hacca n. “the hams, buttocks”

hahta n. “fence, hedge”

!hahtëa adj. “serrated, serrate”

haia adv. “in the distance”

haië interj. “that is (so), yes”

haila adj. “far beyond”

!hailë n. “removal, distancing”

haimë n. “habit”

!haimëa adj. “habitual”

!haimelë n. “culture”

!haimelëa adj. “cultural”

!haimesta n. “traditions, customs”

haira adj. “remote, far”

!hairië n. “distance, (lit.) farness”

!haita- v. “to remove, (lit.) make distant”

haiya adv. “far off, far away”

hala n. “cast shadow, *shade”

hala n. “(small) fish”

halatir(no) (halatirn-) n. “kingsfisher, (lit.) fish-watcher”

halda¹ adj. “veiled, hidden, shadowed, shady”

halla adj. “tall”

halya- v. “to veil, conceal, screen from light”

hamna n. “pile, (artificial) mound, heap”

hampa adj. “restrained, delayed, kept”

!hampë n. “clothing, garment”

han prep. “beyond”

han- pref. “*back as an answer or return by another agent”

hana n. “post”

handa¹ adj. “understanding, intelligent”

handassë n. “intelligence”

handë n. “knowledge, understanding”

handelë n. “intellect”

!handelóra adj. “witless”

!hando n. “big brother, ‘big bro’ (intimate)”

hanno n. “brother (diminutive)”

háno n. “brother”

hanquenta n. “answer, *response”

!hanquet- v. “to answer, *respond”

!hanta- v. “to thank, give thanks”

hantalë n. “thanksgiving”

hanu n. “male, man (of Men or Elves), male animal”

^hanúrë n. “manliness, masculinity”

^hanusta n. “monastery”

^hanustar n. “monk”

^hanúva adj. “doughty, *manly”

^hanúvië n. “manhood, doughtyness”

hanuvoitë adj. “*masculine”

hanwa n. “seat, *chair”

hanwa adj. “male”

hanya- v. “to understand, know about, be skilled in dealing with”

hap- pref. “the same, together, alike, closely associated, [of time] approach closely”

!hap-¹ v. “to bind, restrain”

hapalca pron. “*of similar quantity”

hapaldë adv. “*in about the same way”

hapalli(ni) pron. “of similar number”

hapallumë adv. “at more or less the same time, during the same period”

hapámen adv. “*aiming at about the same thing”

hapan adv. “at the same [approximate] moment”

hapa(na) adj. and pron. “of the same sort, associated, related; the same sort of thing”

hapan(an) adv. “at the same time (of a number of people or events) together, at more or less the same time”

hapandë adv. “about as much (as)”

hapandon adv. “in the same style”

hapanima pron. “of related or similar kind”

hapanna adv. “[to a place] together”

hapanomë adv. “*in about the same place”

haparo adv. “*for about the same reason”

hapas(së) adv. “*in about the same place”

hapassë adv. “together in the same place (as far as the pair or group is concerned, and in distinction to others outside it)”

^hapta- v. “to eject, ejaculate”

!hapya- v. “to delay, retain, keep (temporarily)”

har- v. “to sit, stay, remain”

haranyë n. “century (100 years)”

!harivë adv. “closely, nearly”

harma n. “treasure, treasured thing”

harna- v. “to wound”

harna¹ adj. “wounded”

!harnalassë n. “schadenfreude, malicious enjoyment derived from observing someone else’s misfortune, (lit.) wound-joy”

^haru n. “grandfather”

^haru- v. “to sit down, take a seat”

^haruni n. “grandmother”

harwë¹ n. “treasure, treasury”

harwë² n. “wound”

harya- v. “to have, *hold, possess”

hasa- [þ] v. “to treat (medically), (help to) cure; to treat kindly, make easy”

!hasaino [þ] n. “patient, (lit.) medically treated one”

!hasarë [þ] n. “medicine (as a practice)”

!hasarëa [þ] adj. “medical”

!hasiendë [þ] n. “therapy, a process of treating medically”

!hassë (hass-) n. “little brother, ‘lil bro’ (intimate)”

hasta- v. “to mar”

hastaina adj. “marred”

!hastarya- v. “verschlimmbessern, to make something worse while trying to improve it”

hat (haht-) n. “ridge, comb, crest”

^hat- v. “to hurl, fling, *throw”

hat-¹ v. “to break asunder”

hatal n. “spear, *javelin”

!hatar n. “thrower (of spears and darts)”

!hatta n. “missile”

!hatwa n. “medicine, medication, drug”

!hatwahto n. “pharmacist, apothecary, (lit.) crafter of medicine”

!haumë n. “layer, stratum”

haura² n. “hoard, store; funeral mound”

!hauro n. “wardrobe, cupboard, piece of furniture used for storing”

!hausta n. “nest”

hauta- v. “to cease, take a rest, stop”

háva n. “[unleavened] bread (collective)”

havar n. “a loaf or cake of [unleavened] bread”

!havarcë n. “cookie”

he¹ pron. “they”

he² pron. “him, her, it (yet another)”

heca interj. “be gone!, stand aside!”

hecil n. “one lost or forsaken by friends, waif, outcast, outlaw”

hecilë n. “one lost or forsaken by friends, waif, outcast, outlaw (f.)”

hecilo n. “one lost or forsaken by friends, waif, outcast, outlaw (m.)”

!hecima adj. “special (negative)”

!heconna n. “child born out of wedlock, bastard”

hehta- v. “to put aside, leave out, exclude, abandon, forsake”

!hehtar n. “renegade”

^hel- v. “to freeze (of water)”

helca adj. “icy, ice-cold”

helcë n. “ice”

!helcehtyar n. “narwhal, (lit.) ice-spearman”

helcelimbë n. “*icicle, (lit.) ice-drop”

!helcelmë n. “glacier; (lit.) frozen flow”

helda¹ adj. “naked, stripped bare”

!heldassë n. “nakedness”

!helet (helets-) n. “fur, fur-coat”

!helexë n. “hail”

^helillos [þ] n. “wisteria, (lit.) purple cluster”

^helin n. “pansy”

!helina adj. “frozen”

^helinillë n. “violet [flower]”

^helinillëa adj. “*violet [colour]”

^helinquila n. “mauve”

^helinwa n. “of pansies; (of colour) a blue-violet”

!helissar n. “amethyst”

hellë¹ n. “sky”

!helléna n. “horizon, (lit.) sky-edge”

!Hellenórë n. “Greece, Greek people”

helma n. “skin, fell, *hide”

!helmolpë n. “wine-skin, (lit.) skin-bottle”

!helmunquë n. “wrinkle, (lit.) skin-hollow”

!helquir (helquirm-) n. “ice cream”

!helta- v. “to strip, bare, peel; to despoil, denude”

helwa adj. “(pale) blue”

helyanwë n. “rainbow, (lit.) sky-bridge, *sky-joining”

^hempa n. “cord”

hen (hend-) n. “eye”

!henca adj. “rare (as opposite of dense)”

!hencalcat n. “eye-glasses, spectacles”

!hencúnë n. “eyebrow, (lit.) eye-arch”

!hendelúpëa cecet n. “peafowl, (lit.) eye-plumed pheasant”

hendumaica adj. “sharp-eye[d]”

henta- v. “to eye, examine, read, scan”

hententa- v. “to spot with eye”

hentië n. “reading”

!hentópa n. “eyelid”

henulca adj. “*evil-eyed”

!hep- v. “to keep”

!hepítë adj. “ungenerous, (lit.) apt to keep”

hequa prep. and adv. “leaving aside, not counting, excluding, except”

héra adj. “chief, principal, *main”

!héramat (héramatt-) n. “main course, (lit.) chief meal”

^hérë n. “lordship”

heren n. “fortune, (lit.) governance”

heren n. “order, *association”

herenya adj. “wealthy, rich, blessed, fortunate”

heri n. “lady”

hérincë n. “*little lady”

!hérosto n. “capital city”

heru n. “lord, master”

^heru- v. “to lord it over, be master of, own, rule”

!herulatsë n. “estate, domain”

^hes (hest-) n. “*sibling”

^hessa adj. “withered”

^hesta- v. “to wither”

^hesta(lë) n. “the nearest consanguinity”

hesto n. “captain”

!hexan (hexamb-) n. “toilet, lavatory”

hilca pron. “*this much, this great (by us)”

hildë (hildi-) n. “heir, follower”

!hilië n. “following (act of)”

!hilista n. “following (situation), succession, continuation”

!hilistas adv. “in turn”

hillo adv. “*hence (by us)”

^hilmë¹ n. “offspring, *descendant”

hilya- v. “to follow”

!hilyalë n. “succession, dynasty”

him- v. “to adhere”

!híma adj. “sticky, viscous”

himba adj. “adhering, sticking”

!hímë n. “beer”

!himítë (himíti-) adj. “clinging, sticking, (lit.) able to stick on; persistent, chronic”

!himítië n. “compliance”

!himma n. “adhesive, sticky substance (e.g. glue, cement etc.)”

himya- v. “to stick to, adhere, cleave to, abide by”

!himyalë n. “connection”

hina adj. and pron. “this (by us); this fact (by us)”

hína n. “child”

hinë pron. “this by you and me (not him)”

hinima pron. “*of this sort (by us)”

hinis(së) adv. “*here (by us)”

hinna adv. “still; *hither (by us)”

!hinta- v. “to adopt”

hir- v. “to find”

!hirdë n. “entrails, bowels”

hísë (hísi-) [þ] n. “mist, fog, haze”

!hísëa adj. “misty”

hísië [þ] n. “mist, mistiness”

hísilanya [þ] n. “mist thread, grey elvish rope”

Hísimë [þ] n. “November, *Misty-one”

hissë adv. “*here (by us)”

hiswa [þ] adj. “grey [of weather], *foggy, overcast”

hiswë [þ] n. “fog”

hitwë pron. “*these (of two by us)”

!hiuma n. “hint, clue”

hiuta- v. “to hint”

!hlaimar (hlaimard-) n. “hospital”

^hlaiwa adj. “sickly, sick, ill”

!hlapil n. “flag”

!hlappo n. “dress, (lit.) flying cloth”

hlapu- v. “to blow, fly or stream in the wind”

hlar- v. “to hear”

!hlaraitë adj. “able to hear”

!hlarië n. “hearing”

!hlarindo n. “hearer”

!hlarma n. “earpiece, receiver”

!hlarumir (hlarumír-) n. “(pair of) earrings”

hlas (hlar-) n. “ear”

hlic- v. “to creep, *sneak”

!hlimba n. “sled”

hlimbë adj. “sliding, gliding, slippery, sleek”

!hlimbon n. “sleigh”

!hlintë (hlinty-) n. “fluff, down, soft stuff”

^hlit- v. “to speed swiftly, race, dash, hurtle”

^hlívë n. “sickness, *disease”

!hlixë n. “slug, snail, gastropod”

^hlöa n. “flood, fenland”

hlócë (hlóci-) n. “reptile, snake, serpent, worm, *lizard; dragon”

!hlócihonda adj. “greedy, (lit.) serpent-hearted”

hloima n. “poison, poisonous substance”

hloirë n. “venom, poison, poisonousness”

hloirëa adj. “venomous, *poisonous”

hloita- v. “to poison, envenom, fill with poison”

!hlompan- v. “to tune (musical instruments)”

hlón(a) (hlon-) n. “noise, sound; *phone (in linguistics), speech sound”

^hlonda- v. “to boom, bang, make (loud) noise”

^hlondë n. “loud noise”

!hlónemma n. “phoneme”

hlonitë adj. “phonetic”

!hluc- v. “to swallow”

!hlumba adj. “pudgy, rather fat”

!hlunco (hluncu-) n. “pharynx, gullet”

^hlussa- v. “to whisper”

^hlussë n. “whispering sound, *whisper”

hlúvo (hlúvu-) adj. “greasy, fat”

^hó n. “owl”

hó- pref. “away, from, from among”

hó n. “hound (or ?heart)”

höa adj. “big, large”

!höahan (höahán-) n. “big brother (informal/familiar)”

!höanet (höanéþ-) n. “big sister (informal/familiar)”

!höassë n. “size”

!hócilmë n. “example, outtake, selection, representative item”

hócir- v. “to cut off (so as to have or use a required portion)”

holla adj. “?shut”

^hollë n. “shout”

!hollo n. “cock, cockerel, rooster”

holmë n. “odour, *scent, smell [not necessarily bad]”

holmo adv. “sincerely, heartily; *(lit.) from the heart”

^holtu- v. “to call out, *shout”

holya- v. “to shut, close”

!holyë n. “hen”

!homanca- v. “to buy”

hón (hom-) n. “heart (physical organ)”

honda adj. “hearted”

!hondacil n. “belladonna, (lit.) heartsbane”

hondo n. “[metaphorical] heart, (seat of the) deepest feelings”

!hondolauca adj. “warm-hearted”

hondoringa adj. “cold-hearted”

^hont n. “sneeze”

hont adv. “inwards”

!hontompa n. “heartbeat”

^hontossë n. “loud sneeze”

hópa n. “haven, harbour, small landlocked bay”

hopassë n. “harbourage”

hora- v. “to wait for”

hórë n. “impulse”

hórëa adj. “impulsive”

!horina adj. “driven under compulsion, impelled”

!hórista n. “citation, quotation, (lit.) something cut out”

hormë n. “urgency”

!horna¹ adj. “uneven, rough; rude”

!hornië n. “roughness; rudeness”

horta- v. “to send flying, speed, urge”

hortalë n. “speeding, urging”

horya- v. “to have an impulse, be compelled to do something, set vigorously out to do”

hosta n. “large number”

hosta- v. “to gather (hastily together), collect, assemble, pile up”

^hostaitë adj. “able to gather”

hosto n. “crowd, assembly”

^hototyossë n. “a cough and a sneeze”

^hotsë n. “army, band, troop”

hótul- v. “to come away (to leave a place and go to another)”

^hotya- v. “to sneeze”

hrai- pref. “hard, *difficult”

hrai(a)¹ adj. “difficult, awkward”

hraicénima adj. “scarcely visible, hard to see”

!hraita adj. “meticulous, particular, (orig.) desiring to complete a design”

!hraitasta n. “detail”

!hrambundo n. “bison, gaur, wisent, buffalo (lit. wild ox)”

hranga adj. “awkward, difficult, stiff, hard”

hranga- v. “to thwart”

!hrangwë n. “problem, difficulty”

!hrapsë n. “bug, pest, parasite”

hráva adj. and n. “wild (beast), savage, untamed”

hravan n. “wild beast”

^hravanda n. “wilderness”

hrávë n. “flesh”

!hrávëa adj. “fleshly, carnal”

hresta n. “beach, shore”

hrillumë adv. “*a great many times”

hrim- pref. “a great number, host, very many”

hríma adj. “many, very numerous (great in number or quantity)”

^hríma n. “edge, hem, border”

hríman(an) adv. “very often, on a great number of occasions”

hrímani n. “many, very many, a great number”

hrímaro adv. “*for a great many reasons”

hrimi n. “many, very many, a great number, a great many (with genitive)”

hrimildë adv. “in [a great] many ways”

hrímina pron. “of many kinds, of many sorts”

hrimindon adv. “*like a great many”

hrimínen adv. “*by a great many means”

hriminna adv. “*to many places”

hrimis(së) adv. “*in many places”

hrimo(n)nomë adv. “*in many places”

^hris- v. “to snow”

hrissë n. “fall of snow”

!hristas (hristax-) n. “stud, adorned nail for finishing touches”

!hristaxëa adj. “studded”

!hristaxeta- v. “to stud”

hristil n. “snow (?peak)”

!Hristondur n. “Christian, (lit.) Servant of Christ”

!hritya- v. “to achieve, accomplish”

hrívë n. “winter”

hröa n. “body, bodily form”

hröafelmë n. “*body-impulse”

!hröaloica n. “cripple”

hröangolmë n. “lore of the body and arts of healing”

!hröava adj. “corporeal, bodily”

(h)róna adj. “eastern, east”

hróta n. “dwelling underground, artificial cave or rockhewn hall”

hru- pref. “evil-”

hrúcarë n. “evil-doing”

!hrúcen n. “envy, (lit.) evil-sight”

!hrúfinta- v. “to cheat”

!hruhirdië n. “dysentery”

hruo n. “*wickedness”

!hrupuhta- v. “to fornicate”

!hrupuhtië n. “fornication”

!hrupuhto n. “fornicator”

hrú(y)a adj. “evil, wicked”

!hu- v. “to bark, bay”

huan (hún-) n. “hound”

^huar n. “wild dog, jackal”

^huarda n. “pack (of dogs, wolves)”

huinë n. “gloom, (unrelieved) darkness, deep shadow”

^huiva adj. “murky, *(nearly) lightless”

^húmë num. card. “thousand; †great number”

†humpë adv. “in the middle”

hún (hun-) n. “earth, *ground”

húna adj. “cursed, accursed”

!hundo n. “thunder”

^hundu- v. “to thunder”

^húni n. “bitch, *female dog”

huo n. “dog”

^huolë n. “litter (of pups, cubs, etc.)”

!hussë n. “puppy”

húta- v. “to curse”

hwal- v. “to wash”

!hwalannë n. “washcloth”

!hwalda adj. “washed”

!hwallë n. “washing, bathing”

!hwalmë n. “bathing, bath”

hwan (hwand-) n. “sponge, fungus”

!hwandasar (hwandasarn-) n. “pumice, (lit.) sponge-stone”

hwarin adj. “crooked”

hwarma n. “crossbar”

!hwarrissë n. “blizzard, (lit.) blowing fall of snow”

hwarwa n. “violent wind”

!hwat- v. “to spill”

!hwec- v. “to sweep (with a single movement)”

!hweca- v. “to sweep (continuous)”

hwermë n. “gesture-code”

hwesta n. “breeze; breath, puff of air”

hwesta- v. “to puff”

hwesta sindarinwa [hwesta þindarinwa] n. “Grey-elven hw”

!hwinda adj. “mad, crazy”

hwindë n. “eddy, whirlpool”

hwindë n. “birch”

!hwínë n. “giddiness, faintness”

!hwinquetë n. “confused talk, nonsense”

!hwinta- v. “to mix, stir; to confuse”

!hwintaila adj. “confusing”

!hwinwaiwa n. “whirlwind”

hwinya- v. “to swirl, eddy, gyrate”

hwirya- v. “to wither”

hya¹ conj. “or”

hya² pron. “other thing”

^hyal- v. “to ring, resound”

^hyalin n. “paper”

!hyallë adv. “otherwise, another way, differently”

hyalma n. “conch, shell, horn of Ulmo”

^hyalta- v. “to strike, make ring; [with dative] make a phone call to, ring”

hyam- v. “*to pray”

!hyamië n. “prayer”

^hyan- v. “to injure”

hyana adj. “other”

^hyanda n. “harm, damage”

hyando n. “cleaver, hewer (sword)”

!hyano adv. “rather”

!hyanwë n. “difference”

!hyapallë n. “slipper, (lit.) little shoe”

hyapat n. “shoe”

!hyaqui conj. “or else, otherwise”

^hyar n. “plough”

hyar- pref. “left-hand, south”

hyar- v. “to cleave; to plough”

!Hyaralcar n. “aurora, (lit.) southern radiance”

!hyarehtë n. “halberd”

hyarma n. “left hand”

hyarmaitë adj. “left-handed”

hyarmen n. “south, (lit.) left-hand direction”

hyarmenya adj. “southern”

hyarna¹ adj. “southern”

!hyarnúmen n. “southwest”

!hyarnúna adj. “southwestern”

!hyarrómen n. “southeast”

!hyarróna adj. “southeastern”

hyarya adj. “left (hand)”

^hyassë n. “rushing noise, *rustling”

^hyasta- v. “to rush, rustle”

hyatsë n. “cleft, gash”

hyë pron. “other person, him (the other)”

hyero n. “wine”

hyóla n. “trump, *trumpet”

!hyólamo n. “trumpeter”

^hyuxo n. “hiccup”

í conj. “when, whenever, at the time mentioned (relative)”

!í- pref. “e-, a prefix for electronic things like e-book”

-i¹ suf. “general plural for nouns”

i¹ article. “the”

-i² suf. “simplest aorist infinitive”

i² pron. “who, what, which, that (relative pronoun)”

!iasintë n. “hyacinth”

iccin pron. “you (emphatic plural familiar)”

!icítë adj. “cute”

-ië¹ suf. “abstract noun, adverb”

-ië² suf. “gerund suffix, -ing”

-ië³ suf. “perfect suffix”

-iel suf. “-daughter; feminine suffix”

-ien¹ suf. “feminine ending”

-ien² suf. “-land”

ier prep. “*as”

il- pref. “every, *all”

-(i)la suf. “active participle”

ilaurëa adj. “*daily”

ilca- v. “to gleam (white)”

ilca pron. and conj. “*as much as, as great as”

!ilcaxo n. “ivory, (lit.) gleam bone”

-ilco suf. “you (dual)”

ildë conj. “*like that (relative)”

!ildomë pron. “everywhere”

ilduma n. “heaven”

^ilimba adj. “milky”

^ilin (ilim-) n. “milk”

!illangiéla adv. “nevertheless, (lit.) all-having-been-bypassed”

illi n. “all”

illi pron. and conj. “as many as”

!illië n. “public”

illin pron. “you (emphatic polite plural)”

!illöa(va) adj. and adv. “annual, yearly, per annum (year as item)”

!illómëa adj. “nightly”

illumë adv. “*always”

illumë conj. “when, whenever, at the time that”

ilmë pron. “we (emphatic inclusive)”

ilqua n. “everything, all”

ilquan(an) adv. “all the time, the whole time, continuously”

ilqu(an)ar adv. “all the day”

ilquanna adj. “altogether, wholly, quite”

ilquanomë adv. “all over the place, throughout”

ilquárëa adj. “general”

ilquas(së) adv. “in the whole region”

ilquen pron. “everybody, *everyone”

!iltana- v. “to prove, demonstrate”

ilu n. “everything, all, the whole; universe”

!iluasta n. “omnipresence”

ilucara adj. “omnificent”

iluisa adj. “omniscient”

ilúva adj. “universal”

ilúvala adj. “omnipotent”

ilúvë n. “the whole, the all, allness”

ilvan(y)a adj. “perfect”

ilya adj. “every, each, all (of a particular group of things), the whole”

ilyama n. “all [things]”

im- pref. “same, self”

-ima suf. “-able, -ible, able to be done, possible; [with short base vowel] *having a (strong) nature of”

íma pron. and conj. “such as”

!imbacindë n. “harlot”

!imbalandë n. “equality”

!imbalatëa adj. “conceited, (lit.) self-proud”

imbë¹ prep. and adv. “between, among”

imbë² n. “deep valley, (wide) ravine, glen, dell, (lit.) tween-land”

!imbenatsë n. “internet”

imbilat n. “*deep valley”

ímen adv. “*aiming at that (relative)”

imíca prep. “among”

!(i)missë n. “inside”

imlë pron. “yourself (polite)”

imma pron. “any, any at all (in the world/existence)”

imma pron. “same, self-same, same thing”

immainen adv. “*by any means”

immalca pron. “*any quantity”

immal(dë) adv. “anyhow”

immalli pron. “of any number”

immallumë adv. “*at any time”

immámen adv. “*aiming at anything”

immana adj. and pron. “any at all”

imman(an) adv. “at any time, ever”

imman(dë) adv. “ever, at all, to any degree”

immandon adv. “*like anything”

immanë pron. “anybody, anything, anyone”

immanima pron. “of any kind”

immanna adv. “*to anywhere”

immanomë adv. “*in any place”

immanyas adv. “on any day”

immar adv. “any day”

immaro adv. “*for any reason”

immas(së) adv. “*anywhere”

immatwë pron. “either (when there is no choice)”

immë¹ pron. “ourselves (exclusive)”

!immenwa n. “automobile”

!immenya adj. “parallel, (lit.) of the same direction”

immo pron. “same one (person), self”

!immolaitië n. “self-praise”

!immoquanta adj. “full of him/herself, egotistic, narcissistic”

!immotuntië n. “conscience, (lit.) self-perceiving”

!immoturië n. “self-control”

!imnetyala adj. “hypocritical, (lit.) self-adorning”

!imnetyalë n. “hypocrisy, (lit.) self-adornment”

!imnetyando n. “hypocrite”

imni pron. “myself”

!impanwenen adv. “respectively, (lit.) by same arrangement”

imya adj. “same, identical, self-same”

!imyalë n. “sameness”

-ina suf. “adjective suffix; passive participle”

ina adj. and pron. “(stronger) the”

inan adv. “(relative) at the time mentioned, at the same time”

inárëa pron. and conj. “as old as”

inca n. “idea”

incánu n. “mind master”

incánussë n. “mind mastership”

-incë suf. “diminutive ending”

in(dë) conj. “as, as much as”

indë pron. “yourselves”

indemma n. “mind-picture (of apparition in dream)”

indil n. “lily, other large single flower”

indis (indiss-) n. “bride, [ᴺQ.] *fiancée”

indo n. “(state of) mind, (inner) thought, mood; will, resolve; heart”

indómë n. “settled character; will of Eru”

indon conj. “as”

!indosatië n. “resolution”

indu- v. “to will, do on purpose”

!indufasta adj. “looking forward to, (lit.) of a pleased mind”

induinen n. “purpose”

^indya n. “device, machine, engine”

indyalmë n. “clamour”

^indyarin n. “device, escutcheon, blazon”

indyel n. “small bell”

indyo n. “grandchild, descendant, grandson, *granddaughter”

inë pron. “the one who, the one that”

ínen adv. “*by means of that (relative)”

inga n. “top, highest point”

ingaran n. “high-king”

!ingëa adj. “top”

ingolë n. “lore, science, philosophy; deep lore, magic”

ingolmo n. “loremaster, wizard, one with very great knowledge, *scientist”

ingor n. “summit of a mountain”

inicca pron. and conj. “*as small as”

inië pron. “she, the woman referred to”

!inimë n. “femininity, womanliness”

inimeitë adj. “*feminine”

ino pron. “he, the man referred to”

-inqua suf. “-ful, complete”

inquë pron. “we, thou-and-I (emphatic inclusive dual)”

insa pron. “itself”

insë pron. “himself, herself”

inta pron. “*their (emphatic possessive)”

intë¹ pron. “themselves”

intë² pron. “they (emphatic)”

intin pron. “they (emphatic)”

!intu pron. “themselves (dual)”

intya n. “guess, supposition, idea, notion”

intya- v. “to guess, suppose”

!intyaitë adj. “fantastic, fantasy”

intyalë n. “imagination”

intyë pron. “yourself (familiar)”

inwalmë n. “mood of mind”

inwë pron. “ourselves (inclusive)”

!inwirya- v. “to change one’s mind, reconsider”

inwis (inwist-) n. “change of mind/mood”

!inwissar (inwissarn-) n. “opal, (lit.) mood-change stone”

!inwista- v. “to persuade, convince”

inya¹ adj. “female”

inyë pron. “I (emphatic)”

inyë pron. “I (emphatic)”

-ion suf. “-son, masculine patronymic”

!ipsalta- v. “to ferment, brew (beer), (lit.) make foam”

ipsin n. “fine thread”

^iqu- v. “to beg, ‘pray’ [ask earnestly]”

íqua conj. “when, whenever”

íquallumë adv. “when, whenever”

!iquindo n. “beggar”

^iquirya- v. “to ask for, request”

^iquis (iquist-) n. “requirement”

^iquista n. “request”

!ir- v. “to shudder”

írë n. “desire, longing”

írima adj. “desirable, lovely, beautiful”

iro adv. “*for that reason (relative)”

^irta- v. “to peck, prick”

^irtë (irti-) n. “peck, pinprick”

Isil [þ] n. “Moon, (lit.) Sheen”

isilmë [þ] n. “moonlight”

Isilya [þ] n. “*Monday, Moon-day”

issa pron. “*their (emphatic possessive other)”

-issë suf. “ending in feminine names”

issë conj. “where [relative]”

issë pron. “he, *she, it (emphatic)”

issin pron. “they (emphatic other)”

ista- v. “to know”

!istalë n. “information”

istalima adj. “knowable, ascertainable”

!istanómë n. “school, academy”

istarë n. “knowledge”

isti pron. “they (other)”

istima adj. “wise (in sense knowing very much), knowledgeable, very well informed, learned”

istya n. “knowledge”

istyar n. “scholar, learned man, lore-master, wizard”

-ita suf. “particular infinitive”

ita conj. “that which, what”

ita- v. “to sparkle”

íta¹ n. “flash, *lightning”

!ítacelmë n. “electricity”

!ítacelmëa n. “electrical”

!ítacelmítë n. “electronic”

!Italinórë n. “Italy”

!itan conj. “so that, in order to”

!itanqualë n. “aconite, (lit.) sparkling death torment”

!ítaquanta- v. “to charge (an electrical device), (lit.) to fill with lightning”

itas adv. “in that case”

-itë (-iti-) suf. “adjectival ending; [with verbs] capable of doing, generally (and naturally) doing”

^itis [þ] n. “fly bite; *itch”

^itisin [þ] adj. “itching”

^itisya- [þ] v. “to itch, irritate”

^itsë n. “fly”

la- pref. “not, in-, un-; none, not any”

lá- v. “to not be”

lá¹ adv. “no, not”

lá² prep. “beyond, over, across, athwart”

lac- pref. “a large amount of (any amount less than the whole)”

laca adj. and pron. “much (abundant), a great quantity”

lacalima adj. “not possible to be kindled (made to shine)”

lacaraitë adj. “*inactive”

lacarë n. “inaction, (lit.) not-doing”

^lacárima adj. “not feasible, impossible”

lacarina adj. “undone, *unfinished, incomplete”

^lacenítë adj. “unseeing, blind”

lah- v. “to kick”

!lahlaraitë adj. “deaf, (lit.) unable to hear”

lahta- v. “to cross, pass over, go over; to surpass, excel”

!lahtalë n. “passover”

^lai adv. “very”

laica adj. “green”

laica adj. “keen, sharp, acute”

laicalassë adj. “green-leaf, green as leaves”

laicë n. “acuteness, keenness of perception”

!laicelumir (laicelumír-) n. “malachite (lit.) green-flowing-jewel”

!lailinquë n. “beryllium, (lit.) fresh-liquid light”

laima n. “plant”

!laimamatta n. “vegetable food, (lit.) plant food”

!laimamatya adj. “herbivorous, vegetarian, (lit.) plant-eating”

!laimaril n. “emerald”

laiquë n. “herb”

!laiquelis (laiqueliss-) n. “rue (plant)”

lairë n. “summer”

lairë² n. “poem”

lairelossë n. “summer-snow-white, species of tree in Númenor”

!lairemírë n. “daisy, (lit.) meadow-jewel *(or summer-jewel)”

!lairemo n. “poet”

!lairesta n. “poetry”

lairus (lairust-) n. “verdigris”

laista n. “ignorance, (lit.) not-knowing”

laistila adj. “ignorant”

^laistima adj. “unknowable, secret”

laita- v. “to praise, bless”

laitalë n. “praise”

!laitë adj. “false”

!laitelë n. “falsehood”

!laitië n. “praising, honour”

!laitima adj. “honourable, praiseworthy”

!laitita- v. “to falsify”

laivë n. “ointment”

!laivelyávë n. “(water)melon”

lala- v. “to laugh”

lalallo adv. “from no place”

lalámen adv. “*aiming at nothing”

!lalamma- v. “to chatter, babble”

!lalammamo n. “babbler”

!lalammië n. “babble”

lálan adv. “at no time”

lalassë adv. “nowhere”

!lalda n. “laugh”

!lalevítë adj. “lame”

!lalië n. “laughter, laughing”

^lalië-malina n. “daffodil, (lit.) yellow laughter”

!lalil n. “chuckle”

!lalta- v. “to make laugh”

!laltaula adj. “funny, (lit.) apt to make laugh”

láma n. “sound”

laman (lamn-) n. “animal, tame beast”

^lamanwa adj. “animal-like, beastly, stupid”

lamatë n. “fasting, a fast”

lámatyávë n. “*sound-taste”

lamba n. “(physical) tongue”

lambë n. “language, tongue, dialect”

!lambelanga n. “translation”

!lambelanga- v. “to translate (generally, between languages)”

!lambengolmë n. “linguistics”

lambetengwë n. “consonant”

lambina adj. “of tongue, spoken with tongue”

lamélima adj. “unlovable”

lámina adj. “echoing”

lamma- v. “?to echo”

^lamnarë n. “flock, *herd”

lamya- v. “to sound”

lan conj. “*while”

!lana adj. and pron. “no, not any, not (a); none”

lanat n. “weft, *woof”

!lanaxa n. “shed (the gap between upper and lower yarns in weaving)”

lanca n. “sharp edge (not of tools), sudden end”

!lancanta- v. “to transform, turn into (trans.)”

!lancöa n. “tent, (lit.) cloth shelter”

landa¹ adj. “wide, broad”

landa² n. “boundary”

landa² n. “plain”

lanë (lani-) n. “hem”

!lanéya adv. “recently, not long ago”

langa n. “thing that crosses, ferry, ford, crossway, bridge”

!langandë n. “stringed instrument with a neck (lute, guitar, etc.)”

langë adv. “surpassingly, superlatively, extremely”

lango n. “neck, throat; passages [that are] narrower parts of a structure serving to join larger parts, *corridor”

lango¹ n. “broad sword; prow of a ship”

lanna adv. and prep. “athwart, (to a point) beyond, *across”

lannë n. “tissue, cloth”

lanotoitë (lanotoiti-) adj. “innumerable”

!lanquet- v. “to converse, debate, *discuss”

!lanquetta n. “conversation, debate, interchange of words”

!lanquinga n. “crossbow”

!lanquit- v. “to darn a knitted garment, (lit.) cross/over-knit”

lanta n. and adj. “fall; falling”

lanta- v. “to fall; to drop”

lantalca n. “boundary post or mark”

!lantanna n. “banner, standard”

^lantanwa adj. “*fallen”

!lantasírë n. “waterfall, (lit.) falling river”

lantë n. “fall”

lanwa adj. “within bounds, limited, finite, (well-)defined”

lanwa n. “loom”

lanya n. “thread, warp”

lanya- v. “to weave”

lanya-¹ v. “to bound, enclose, separate from, mark the limit of”

!lap- v. “to fold”

^lapa-¹ v. “to wrap, swathe, wind”

!lapa-² v. “to hop”

!laparotsë n. “sleeve, trouser leg, (lit.) wrap-tube”

^lapil n. “swathe, flowing cloth”

^lappa n. “loose-end, end of rope, hem of robe”

lapsa- v. “to lick (frequentative)”

lapsë n. “babe”

!lapselunga adj. “pregnant, (lit.) baby-heavy”

^laptë n. “gluttonous eating, †licking up (food or drink)”

!laptelis (lapteliss-) n. “candy, (lit.) sweet licking up”

laqualca pron. “*no quantity”

láquana adj. and pron. “none at all”

láquanë pron. “nobody at all”

láquet- v. “to deny (fact or accusation); (lit.) to say ‘it is not’”

laqui conj. “unless”

lar n. “fat, richness”

lár n. “league; †stop, pause”

!lára- v. “to flatten, level”

lára¹ adj. “flat”

lárëa adj. “fat, rich”

larma n. “fat [as a substance]”

larma n. “raiment”

!larmëa adj. “fatty, fleshy”

larmo n. “listener (spy or scout)”

!larnelta n. “mile; *(lit.) league third”

^laru n. “grease”

^larúva adj. “greasy”

las adv. “it is/was not so”

las interj. “mark you, I tell you, if you can believe me”

lassë n. “leaf”

^lassëa adj. “with leaves, leafy”

lassecanta adj. “leaf-shaped”

lasselanta n. “(late) autumn, (lit.) leaf-fall”

lassewinta n. “leaf fall, autumn, *(lit.) leaf blowing”

lasta n. “listening, hearing”

lasta- v. “to listen”

^lat (latt-) n. “flap, small hinged door, lid”

lat- v. “to be extended, stretch, spread, extend; to be situated (of an area), lie (of lands or regions)”

láta adj. “open (not closed)”

!látacar (látacard-) n. “pub, public house, (lit.) open-house”

!latanca adj. “unsure, insecure”

látië n. “openness”

!latil n. “key”

latina adj. “free (of movement), not encumbered with obstacles, open, cleared (of land)”

!latsë n. “area, space, room”

latta¹ n. “hole, pit”

latta² n. “strap”

!lattasta n. “harness, (lit.) collection of straps”

!latter- v. “to darn a sewn garment, (lit.) cross/over-sew”

^lattin n. “window”

!lattinsan (lattinsam-) [þ] n. “shutter, (lit.) window-barrier”

^latúcen n. “tin [metal]”

^latucenda adj. “of tin”

latya n. “opening”

latya- v. “to open anything (so as to allow entry)”

lauca adj. “warm”

!laucata- v. “to heat up, warm”

!laucehtelë n. “hot spring”

^laulë n. “mode of life, *lifestyle”

^laulema adj. “inhabiting”

^laulemo n. “inhabitant”

^laulesta n. “livelihood”

^laulesta- v. “to lead a life, gain a living”

lau(më) adv. “no, no indeed not, on the contrary”

^laupë n. “tunic, shirt”

laurë n. “gold (light or colour)”

laurëa adj. “golden (of hue)”

laurië n. and adv. “goldenness; like gold”

laurinquë n. “yellow-flowered tree”

lauta- v. “to abound”

lauya- v. “to flourish (green), grow”

lav- v. “to lick”

lav-² v. “to yield, allow, grant; to afford (+ dative)”

lávar n. “(golden) blossom”

lavaralda n. “tree with long green leaves with golden undersides and pale flowers with a yellow flush”

^lávëar n. “glutton”

!lávehentar n. “ticket inspector, (lit.) permission examiner”

!lávima adj. “permissible”

-lca suf. “*quantity”

-lda¹ suf. “your (plural)”

-ldë¹ suf. “you (plural)”

-ldë² suf. “feminine agent”

-lë suf. “abstract noun”

le pron. “you (plural)”

lé¹ n. “way, method, manner”

lehta adj. “free, released”

lehta- v. “to loose, slacken”

!lelelya- v. “to go on travelling, keep travelling”

lelta- v. “to send, *(lit.) cause to go”

lelya adj. “delicate, beautiful and fine, slender, lovely”

lelya-¹ v. “to travel, go, proceed (in any direction)”

lelya-² v. “to appear (of beautiful things); to attract, enchant (with dative)”

!lelyalávë n. “ticket, (lit.) travel-permission”

lemba adj. “left behind”

!lemma n. “artifact, relic, residue”

!lemmë n. “remnant(s), remains, remainders”

lempë num. card. “five”

lempëa num. ord. “fifth”

^lempellumë adv. “five times”

!lempetil n. “columbine, (lit.) five-points”

lemya- v. “to remain, tarry”

^lenca adj. “slow”

lenda n. “journey, *travel, trip”

!lendië n. “tourism, *traveling”

^lenga- v. “to behave”

!lengalë n. “behavior”

^lengë n. “gesture, characteristic look, gesture or trait”

!lengesta n. “character (of a person), set of characteristic traits”

^lenquë n. “limb”

lenta adj. “free”

lenwë n. “leaving, departure”

lenweta- v. “to go away, migrate, leave one’s abode”

!lenya pron. “yours (plural)”

^lep- v. “to take [with fingers], *pick, pluck”

lepecan (lepecant-) n. “fourth finger”

lependë n. “middle finger”

^lependórë num. card. “quintillion”

†lepenel n. “middle finger”

!lepenquain num. card. “fifty”

lepenquë num. card. “*fifteen”

!lepenquëa num. ord. “fifteenth”

lepentë n. “fourth finger”

†lepenya num. ord. “fifth”

leper n. “finger”

lepesta fraction. “one fifth”

lepetas (lepetass-) n. “index finger”

lepetta n. “Gondorian hardwood”

lepincë (lepinci-) n. “little finger”

!leppa n. “thimble”

^lepsa n. “liver”

^lepsilë (lepsily-) n. “tendril”

lepta adj. and n. “fingered”

lepta- v. “to pick (up/out); to finger, feel with the fingertips”

leptafinya adj. “clever-fingered”

leptenta- v. “*to point to, indicate with finger”

léra adj. “free (of persons)”

!léramo n. “freeman”

!lerca- v. “to flee”

!lercië n. “flight, fleeing”

!lérië n. “freedom”

lerina adj. “free (of things)”

lerta- v. “to be free to do”

lerya- v. “to release, set free, let go”

!leryalë n. “release”

lesta n. “*girdle”

lesta n. “measure”

!lesta- v. “to measure”

^letinwessë n. “constellation”

leuca n. “snake”

^lev- v. “to move”

!levë n. “movement, motion”

!levemma n. “movie, motion picture”

!levemmar (levemmard-) n. “movie theatre, cinema, movies”

-li suf. “partitive plural (suffix); many, some, a lot of”

^lia- v. “to entwine”

lia¹ adj. “(not) a few, several”

lia² n. “fine thread, spider filament; twine, *wire”

!lialóra adj. “cordless, wireless”

^liantassë n. “vine”

liantë n. “spider”

!lic- v. “to glide, slip, slide”

líco (lícu-) n. “wax”

lícuma n. “taper, candle”

lië n. “people, folk”

!liëarda n. “republic”

!liëmelehtëa adj. “democratic”

!liendina adj. “popular”

!lieraxa n. “a bus, coach, (lit.) people wagon”

!lietarwa n. “park, (lit.) people-garden”

!lietúrië n. “democracy”

lihlicca- v. “to sneak about”

!lihta n. “seal”

!lihta- v. “to seal”

!lihtaina adj. “sealed”

!lihtyellesta n. “escalator, (lit.) gliding staircase”

lildë adv. “in many ways”

lilindon adv. “*like many”

(li)línen adv. “*by many means”

lilinna adv. “*to many places”

(li)lin(n)omë adv. “*in many places”

li(lí)ro adv. “*for many reasons”

lilis(së) adv. “*in many places”

!lilíva- v. “to (continuously) drip, drip-drop”

lillassëa adj. “having many leaves”

!lillumë adv. “many times, often”

!lilma n. “patch”

lilómëa adj. “many-shadowed, very dark, full of darkness”

lilótëa adj. “having many flowers”

lilta- v. “to dance”

^liltë n. “dance”

^liltië n. “dancing”

limba n. “drop”

limë (limi-) n. “link, *joint”

^limil n. “chain”

!limivarma n. “chainmail, (lit.) link-armour”

limpa adj. “frail, slender and drooping”

limpë n. “wine”

!limpevorma n. “wine-press”

!limpunqua adj. “drunken”

!limpunquië n. “drunkenness”

!limya- v. “to link, join”

li(n)- pref. “many”

li(na)llumë adv. “*several times”

li(n)an adv. “many a time, not seldom, several times, often, sometimes”

linárëa pron. “of many (different) ages”

!linca n. “ski”

!linca- v. “to ski”

!lincantëa adj. “diverse, (lit.) many shaped”

!lincantilda adj. “checkered; (lit.) many-squared”

linda adj. “beautiful (of sound), sweet, melodious; soft, gentle, light, kind”

linda- v. “*to sing, make music”

lindalë n. “music”

^lindalëa adj. “melodious”

lindë (lindi-) n. “singing, song, musical sound; air, tune”

^lindëa adj. “like music, *musical”

^lindelin n. “melody, tune”

^lindelos (lindelós-) [þ] n. “laburnum, (lit.) singing cluster”

!lindië n. “euphony”

lindimaitar n. “composer, musician”

!lindista n. “music album”

lindo n. “singer, singing bird”

!lindóra adv. “millions of, many millions”

lindornëa adj. “having many oaks”

línë n. “cobweb; cotton”

linga- v. “to hang, dangle”

linga-² v. “to twang, hum like the string of a harp, *resonate”

lingë n. “musical sound”

lingëa adj. “with a musical sound”

!lingil n. “hanger, hook (for clothes)”

lingwë (lingwi-) n. “fish”

!lingwëa adj. “fishlike”

!lingwileuca n. “eel”

lingwilócë n. “fish-dragon, sea-serpent”

!lingwimo n. “fisherman”

!lingwiremnë n. “fishing”

lini n. “(pl.) a good few, several”

!linima adj. “of many kinds, manifold”

linima pron. “of several sorts, of several kinds”

!linipsinwa adj. “complex, complicated, convoluted; (lit.) many-threaded”

!linipsinwië n. “complexity, complication, complicatedness; (lit.) many-threadedness”

!linitë adj. “plural”

linquë (linqui-) adj. “wet”

linquë¹ n. “(leaf of a) hyacinth, *grass or grass-like leaf”

linquë² n. and adj. “light-substance; liquid light, *photons”

!linquelos [þ] n. “hyacinth”

!linquemir n. “hyacinth [jewel]”

!linquilëa adj. “having many colours”

linta adj. “swift”

^linta- v. “to soothe”

lintië n. and adv. “swiftness, speed; swiftly, *quickly”

lintyulussëa adj. “having many poplars”

!linvainëa n. “onion, (lit.) many-sheathed”

!linwa n. “musical instrument, device for making music”

linwë n. “short lay”

linya n. “pool”

linyenwa adj. “old, having many years”

!lio adv. “much”

lipsa n. “soap”

!lipsanë n. “lather”

^lipta- v. “to drip”

!liptasar (liptasarn-) n. “dripstone”

^liquis (liquist-) n. “clarity, transparence, limpidity”

!liquisinda n. “sober, clearheaded”

^liquistëa adj. “transparent, *clear”

lir- v. “to sing, chant”

liralë n. “merry singing”

!lirda n. “stanza, verse, (lit.) a product of singing”

lírë (líri-) n. “song”

liru- v. “to sing (gaily)”

liruima adj. “able to be sung”

lirulë n. “merry song”

lirulin n. “lark”

^lirusta n. “singing, chant”

lirustëa adj. “fit for singing, to be sung”

lís (liss-) n. “honey, *sugar, sweetener”

liscë n. “reed, sedge”

!liscornë n. “any sweet fried bread, doughnut”

lissë¹ (lissi-) adj. “sweet”

lissë² n. “grace”

^lisselë n. “sweetness”

!lissimat (lissimatt-) n. “dessert, (lit.) sweet-meal”

!lissimatta n. “sweet, piece of confectionary”

!lissimbas (lissimbass-) n. “(sweet) cake (eaten as dessert)”

!lista- v. “to sweeten, make sweet”

!lita- v. “to multiply”

litsë n. “sand”

!litsëa adj. “sandy; granular, gritty”

!litsëon (litsëond-) n. “sandstone”

!littë n. “ash”

!liv- v. “to anoint”

liyúmë n. “host”

-lla¹ suf. “your (plural polite)”

-llë¹ suf. “feminine agent”

-llë² suf. “you (plural)”

-llo suf. “(movement) from, out of; ablative suffix”

-llumë suf. “time, times”

-lma¹ suf. “our (exclusive)”

-lma³ suf. “our (inclusive dual)”

-lmë¹ suf. “we (exclusive)”

ló prep. “(away) from; by agent [of]; ablative element”

löa n. “(seasonal) year, (lit.) (time of) growth, blooming”

!löasta n. “season, (lit.) year-part”

!loc- v. “to loop, curl”

lócë¹ n. “bight, bend, curl of hair”

locin adj. “bent, *curled”

loëndë n. “mid-year (Númenórean calendar), *(lit.) year-middle”

loi- pref. “mistaken, mistake in ...”

loica adj. “failing, short, inadequate”

loicarë n. “mistaken action”

loico n. “corpse, dead body”

loicolícuma n. “corpse-candle”

loima n. “mistake”

loiparë n. “mistake in writing”

!loipat- v. “to misstep”

loiquetë n. “mistake in speech”

!loirë n. “infusion”

loita- v. “to miss, fail, fall short of (transitive)”

!lolóca- v. “to crawl”

!lóma n. “moss”

!lómaril n. “jade”

^lomba adj. “blind”

lómë n. “night, dimness, twilight, dusk, darkness, night-time, shades of night”

lómëa adj. “shadowed, gloomy, *dusk-like”

lómelindë n. “nightingale, (lit.) dusk-singer”

lomentië n. “?away-journey, departure”

!lómivehtë n. “night life”

!lomya- v. “to blind”

lóna n. “(deep) pool, mere, river-feeding well”

londë n. “(land-locked) haven”

londië n. “harbourage”

lónë n. “isle, island, remote land difficult to reach”

^lop- v. “to run (of animals), gallop, *lope”

^lopeta- v. “to amble”

lopoldë n. “rabbit”

lopotundo (lopotundu-) n. “rabbithole”

lor- v. “to sleep, slumber”

-lóra suf. “without, less”

^lorda adj. “slumbrous, drowsy, *sleepy”

lórë n. “slumber, *sleep; dream”

!lórelot n. “poppy, *(lit.) flower of sleep”

lorna adj. “asleep”

!lornata- v. “to put to sleep”

!lornatála adj. “sleep-inducing”

!lorta- v. “to faint, swoon, become dazed”

!lortalë n. “swoon, faint, dizziness”

!loru- v. “to fall asleep”

lós [þ] n. “inflorescence, mass of flowers”

lossë¹ n. and adj. “snow, fallen snow; snow-white, snowy”

lossë² n. “(white) blossom, flower, (white) flower; inflorescence (of white flowers)”

lossëa adj. “snowy, (snow) white”

losta- v. “to bloom, *blossom”

!lóta- v. “to infuse, soak”

!lotarwa n. “[flower] garden”

lótë n. “flower, single blossom”

^lótëa adj. “full of blossom, *blooming, flowering”

!lótecas (lótecaps-) n. “vase, (lit.) flower-vessel”

!lótelas (lótelass-) n. “petal, (lit.) flower-leaf”

^lotella n. “floret”

Lótessë n. “May, *(lit.) Flower-ness”

lotsë n. “small (single) flower”

loxë n. “hair [in general]”

^loxo n. “mud”

^loxor n. “swamp, bog”

!lóya- v. “to leave (from something: a place, a thing)”

-lta suf. “their”

-lta suf. “*his, her, its”

-ltë suf. “they”

lu- v. “to be heavy, be sad”

lú n. “time, occasion”

^luc- v. “to haul, drag, pull (behind)”

lúcë n. “enchantment”

!lúcëarwa adj. “enchanting, attractive”

luhta- v. “to enchant”

luhta- v. “to bow, *curve”

^luhtu n. “magic, spell”

!luhtya- v. “extinguish, *quench”

!luicarnë adj. “purple”

^luilë n. “sapphire, blue stone”

luimë n. “flood, floodwater; flood tide, high tide”

luinë (luini-) adj. “blue”

luinincë (luininci-) adj. “bluish”

!luinion (luiniond-) n. “lapis lazuli, (lit.) blue-rock”

!luinyellë n. “bluebell”

luita- v. “to flood, drench”

!luitë adj. “melancholic, (lit.) habitually being sad”

!(lu)lútië n. “cruise, (lit.) floating/sailing about”

!lúma n. “clock”

lumba adj. “gloomy”

lumba adj. “weary”

lumbë n. “gloom, shadow”

lumbo n. “cloud, dark lowering cloud; gloom, dark, shade”

lumbulë n. “dark shadow, heavy shadow; deep in shadow”

lúmë¹ n. “time, period of time, hour”

lúmë² n. “darkness”

^lúmëa adj. “pertaining to time, temporal”

lumenyárë n. “*history”

lúmequenta n. “history, chronological account”

lúmequentalë n. “history”

lúmequentalëa adj. “historical”

!lúmesar (lúmesár-) n. “age (of long-lasting objects), (lit.) time-tally”

lumincë adv. “a little while”

!lúmincë n. “minute, moment”

lumna adj. “lying heavy, burdensome, oppressive, ominous”

lumna- v. “to lie heavy, be heavy”

lúna adj. “*dark”

lunca n. “heavy transport wain”

!lungië n. “heaviness, gravity”

lungo (lungu-) adj. “heavy”

lungumaitë adj. “heavy-handed”

!lungumë n. “weight, heaviness”

!lunguntë n. “scales”

!lungwë n. “pound”

!luntala n. “raft, floater”

luntë n. “boat”

!lunwa n. “fin, (lit.) swim-thing”

lúpë n. “plume”

luppo (luppu-) n. “clumsy piece or lump”

!lupsë (lupsi-) n. “nugget, (small) chunk, clump, tidbit”

^lúrë n. “dark weather, bad weather”

^lúrëa adj. “overcast, dark [of weather]”

!lurwë n. “threat”

!lussë n. “(verb) tense”

lusta adj. “void, empty”

!lustavë adv. “in vain, emptily”

!lustindo n. “ennui”

lut- v. “to float, flow [on or in water], sail, [ᴺQ.] *swim”

^lúta- v. “to have time pass”

!luttalan (luttalam-) n. “raft, (lit.) floating platform”

lúva n. “bow (in forming tengwar), bight, bend, curve”

-lva suf. “our (inclusive)”

-lvë suf. “we (inclusive)”

-lya¹ suf. “your (polite)”

-l(yë) suf. “you (polite)”

lye pron. “you (polite)”

!lyenya pron. “yours (polite)”

!lyéta- v. “to address somebody formally using lye”

-ma suf. “instrumental”

má n. “hand”

ma¹ pron. “something, a thing”

ma² adv. “interrogative particle”

má² pron. and adv. “what; when”

mac- v. “to hew (with a sword), *swing (a sword)”

!maca- v. “to forge”

macar n. “swordsman; †forger”

!macca n. “article (for exchange), ware, thing”

macil n. “sword, forged sword blade, cutting sword, broadsword”

!macilindil n. “gladiolus, (lit.) sword lily”

!máfastië n. “hand-pleasure, writing for pleasure of hand and eye”

mahalma n. “throne”

^mahar n. “tradesman, *trader, merchant”

!máhis n. “maize, either sweet corn or field corn”

mahta- v. “to handle, wield, use, make use of; to manage, deal with, treat, control; to stroke, feel; to wield a weapon, fight”

!mahtalë n. “fighting, battle”

!mahtando n. “manager”

mahtar n. “warrior, soldier”

!mahtasta n. “management”

^mahtë n. “hold, grip, *grasp; power [over], possession”

!mahtéma n. “tournament, tourney, (lit.) battle-series”

mahtië n. “management, *handling”

mai adv. “well”

mai-¹ pref. “excellent, admirable; *well, happily”

Maia n. “(angelic) spirit, the Beautiful”

maica¹ adj. “sharp, piercing”

maica² n. “blade of a cutting tool or weapon (especially sword-blade)”

!maicahausta n. “truce, (lit.) blade-resting”

!maicarindo n. “benefactor, (lit.) well-doer”

!maicata- v. “to sharpen”

!maicatan (maicatam-) n. “weaponsmith”

mailë n. “lust”

mailëa adj. “lustful”

!mailengaitë adj. “well-mannered”

!mailitya adj. “(greedily) wealthy, avaricious”

!maimun n. “monkey, ape”

maina n. “thing of excellence, treasure”

!mainenta- v. “to brag, (lit.) make seem excellent”

maira adj. “admirable, excellent, precious, splendid, sublime”

mairë n. “art, work of high and beautiful art, process of producing an art work”

mairëa adj. “beautiful (of things made by art), *artistic”

!mairië n. “excellence, splendor, sublimity, ‘perfection’”

!maisinwa adj. “well-known, notable, famous”

maita adj. “hungry”

maita- v. “to make with art, design, compose”

maitalë n. “act of doing [artistic] work”

maitar n. “artist; poet”

maitë (maiti-) adj. “handy, skillful, skilled; shapely, well-shaped; (as suffix) having a hand, handed”

!maitië n. “hunger”

!maitilë n. “skill, handicraft; legerdemain, sleight”

!maitulië n. “welcome thing, happy arrival”

!maitulya adj. “welcome”

maiwë n. “gull”

mal conj. “but”

^mal- v. “to crush, squeeze; to hurt, pain (cause pain to)”

mál n. “grit”

^malaqua adj. “soft, yielding, tender (of meat, substances, etc.)”

!malasta- v. “to gild, make golden (using the metal)”

!malatsar (malatsarn-) n. “chrysolite”

malca adj. “how great”

!malda n. “pulp, paste, mash, mush”

^malda- v. “to pound”

mal(dë) adv. “how, in what manner”

!maldë n. “yolk”

málë n. “good health”

!málëa adj. “healthy, healthful”

^malicon (malicond-) n. “amber”

^malicondëa adj. “of amber”

málimë (málimi-) n. “wrist, (lit.) hand-link”

malina adj. “yellow, of golden colour”

malinornë n. “mallorn, (lit.) golden/yellow tree”

mallë n. “street, (made or stone) road”

mallini adj. and pron. “how many”

mallo adv. “whence”

mallumë adv. “at what time/date”

mallúmëa adj. “how old, of what age”

!malma¹ n. “lemon”

!malmayul (malmayuld-) n. “lemonade, (lit.) lemon-drink”

^malo n. “moth”

málo n. “friend, comrade”

malo¹ (malu-) n. “pollen, yellow powder”

malo² (malu-) n. “rust”

malta n. “gold (metal), gold as material”

!maltaina adj. “of gold”

!maltalos [þ] n. “buttercup (lit.) flower of gold”

!malumë¹ adv. “when”

malwa adj. “fallow, pale, yellowish, *wan”

máma n. “sheep”

!mámalin n. “sheepfold”

mámen adv. “why, for what reason”

mammata- v. “to gorge (oneself), gobble up, devour; (lit.) to go on eating”

mamo pron. “who, what person”

man pron. “who”

mana pron. “what”

mána n. “blessing, good thing”

!mánacestië n. “intercession, (lit.) boon-seeking”

m(an)ainen adv. “by what means”

manaitë adj. “*blessed, having grace”

!manan adv. “why”

manan adv. “when”

manandon adv. “after what fashion, like what”

manar n. “doom, final end, fate, fortune; final bliss”

manárëa adj. and pron. “how old, how long lasting, (lit.) lasting or living how many days”

manar(yas) adv. “on what day”

manas(së) adv. “where”

manca- v. “to trade”

mancalë n. “commerce, *trade [as an activity]”

!mancanómë n. “market, market-place”

^manco n. “tradesman”

!manda- v. “to imprison”

!mandanië n. “struggle, wrestling, (lit.) hand-resistance”

!mandano n. “prisoner, (lit.) imprisoned-one”

man(dë) adv. “how (to what degree, extent), how great, how far”

mando n. “custody, safe keeping; prison, duress”

!mandontur n. “jailer”

manë pron. “who”

^manë adj. “good (moral, not evil)”

manen adv. “how”

!mango n. “mango”

manicca adj. and pron. “how small”

manima adj. “of what kind, of what sort, what kind of”

manna adv. “whither”

mannomen adv. “*to what place”

manomello adv. “*from what place”

manome(s) adv. “in what place”

!manotë adv. “how many, (lit.) what number”

manta- v. “to bless”

^mantal n. “glove”

^mantelë n. “gauntlet”

manu n. “departed spirit”

!manwa adj. “whose”

^manya n. “butter”

manya- v. “to bless”

mapa- v. “to grasp, seize”

^mapalin n. “plane tree [Platinus], sycamore, (lit.) hand-flat”

^maptalë n. “seizure; robbery by violence; rape, ravishment, forcible seizure and carrying off”

maqua n. “hand-full, group of five (similar) things; hand (colloquial)”

maquanotië n. “decimal system”

maquet- v. “*to question”

!maquetta n. “question”

mar- v. “to dwell, abide, be settled or fixed, live [in a place]”

már (mar-) n. “home, dwelling, habitation”

mára adj. “good, proper; useful, fit, good (of things), excellent”

!maraina adj. “native, of home”

máralë n. “goodness”

maranwë n. “destiny”

^marcirya n. “ark”

mar(da) (mard-) n. “dwelling, (great) house, residence, mansion, a thing or place dwelt in”

!mardaitë adj. “homely, domestic”

mar(dar) adv. “homewards”

^mardo n. “dweller”

!márë n. “(moral) good, goodness”

márië adv. and n. “well, happily; goodness, good estate, being well, happiness”

maril n. “crystal”

!marindo n. “settler”

maro adv. “why, for what reason”

!marrum- v. “to move = change residence”

marta- v. “to define, decree, destine”

marta¹ adj. and n. “fated, fey”

martan (martam-) n. “dwelling-house”

!martandë n. “decision”

^marto n. “fortune, fate, lot, luck”

marto n. “tower”

marya adj. “pale, fallow, fawn [light yellowish tan colour]”

!marya- v. “to found, establish, settle (as dwelling)”

^maryë adv. “at home, *indoors”

massa n. “bread”

massánië n. “Lady, breadgiver”

massë¹ adv. “where”

massë² n. “portion, share; capacity, measure; the personal measure or capacity of a man, a talent; †handful”

masta n. “bread, cake, loaf, *baked good”

masta- v. “to bake”

^mastacornë n. “[bread] loaf”

!mastasan (mastasamb-) [þ] n. “kitchen”

mat (matt-) n. “meal, meal time”

mat- v. “to eat”

mátengwië n. “language of the hands”

matië n. “eating”

mátima adj. “edible”

!matimar (matimard-) n. “restaurant, (lit.) eating hall”

!matina adj. “eaten”

matta n. “food”

matwa adj. and pron. “whether, which of two”

-matya suf. “-eating”

!matya- v. “to feed”

!maura- v. “to need, require”

maurë n. “need”

mausta n. “compulsion”

mauya- v. “to compel”

^mavaina n. “maple, (lit.) hand-clad”

maxa adj. “soft, pliant”

^maxa- v. “to cook”

^maxar n. “cook”

!maxarma n. “software”

!maxata- v. “to knead”

^maxë n. “sale”

maxë¹ n. “dough”

maxo n. “mire, sticky substance”

!maxon (maxond-) n. “mudstone”

-më suf. “abstract noun”

me pron. “us (exclusive)”

!mec- v. “to plead”

mecin adv. “please”

^mehar n. “gore”

^mehta- v. “to aim at”

^mehtë n. “mark, aim, object”

mel- v. “to love”

méla adj. “loving, affectionate”

!mélacárië n. “pastime, hobby”

mélamar n. “(emotional) home”

melda adj. “beloved, dear, sweet”

meldë n. “*friend (f.)”

meldo n. “friend, lover”

melehta adj. “mighty”

^melehtë n. “might, power (inherent)”

^melesellë [þ] n. “love-sister”

^meletya- v. “to magnify”

mélië n. “*love, loving”

melima adj. “loveable”

melin adj. “dear, beloved”

melindo n. “lover (m.)”

!melinólë n. “philosophy”

melissë n. “lover (f.)”

!mellaman (mellamn-) n. “pet, (lit.) love-animal”

melmë n. “love (a particular case [between two people])”

melotorno n. “love-brother”

^melpo n. “gooseberry”

!melta- v. “to enamour”

!melu- v. “to fall in love”

men n. “way, *direction; place, spot [only in compounds]”

men- v. “to go, proceed, move (in some direction); to come [when moving to a destination], arrive [+ locative]”

^mén (mem-) n. “beak”

mena- v. “to be making for, be on way to”

ména n. “region”

!menda adv. “approximately, circa, about, (orig.) towards the direction”

!mendar (mendár-) n. “station, (lit.) way-stop”

mendë n. “*will”

menel n. “the heavens, firmament, sky”

meneldil n. “astronomer, *(lit.) lover of the heavens”

menelluin n. “cornflower (colour), *(lit.) sky-blue”

!menelwa adj. “heavenly”

Menelya n. “*Wednesday, Heavens-day”

mennai conj. “until”

menta n. “sending, message”

menta-¹ v. “to send, cause to go (in a desired direction)”

mentë n. “point, end”

mentië n. “passage, journey, direction of travel”

menya pron. “our (exclusive); [ᴺQ.] ours”

mer- v. “to hope, wish, desire, want”

meren(dë) (merend-) n. “feast, festival”

!merenya- v. “to be festive, celebrate”

!merillë n. “rose”

!mermë n. “wish”

merya adj. “festive”

meryalë n. “holiday”

mestanyatsë n. “suffixion”

métima adj. “last, ultimate, final”

metta n. “ending, end”

mettë ? “*end”

metya- v. “to put an end to”

mi prep. “in, within”

!micol- v. “to import”

-mië suf. “*noun ending”

milca adj. “greedy”

^milcin n. “wealth”

^mildë (mildi-) n. “pea”

!milla adj. “oily”

!millammalë n. “alliteration”

^millo (millu-) n. “oil”

!millumë adv. “once, one time”

milmë n. “greed, desire”

!milpialda n. “olive tree”

!milpio n. “olive, (lit.) oily-berry”

^miltë (milti-) n. “semen”

milya adj. “soft, gentle, weak”

milya- v. “to long for”

mimírima adj. “very beautiful”

min num. card. “one, one (in a series), the first”

mina prep. and adv. “into, in, to the inside”

mína adj. “desiring to start, eager to go”

mína- v. “to desire to go in some direction, wish to go to a place, make for it; to have some end in view, *intend”

!mínaitë adj. “straightforward, (lit.) apt to have some end in view”

minassë n. “fort, city (with a citadel and central watch tower)”

!minassëa adj. “inherent, innate, intrinsic”

^mínasta n. “intention, *goal”

minasurië [þ] n. “enquiry, *research”

!minasurindo [þ] n. “researcher”

!minatec- v. “to record, (lit.) into-write”

!minatulië n. “introduction; (lit.) into-leading”

!minaxanwa adj. “enchained, bound, fettered”

minda adj. “prominent, conspicuous”

!mindata- v. “to isolate, (lit.) make stand out”

mindë n. “turret”

mindon n. “(lofty or isolated) tower; turret”

^mindórë num. card. “million”

!minima adj. “special (positive)”

!minomë adv. “instead, in place of, in exchange of”

minquë num. card. “eleven”

^minquellumë adv. “eleven times”

minquesta fraction. “*one eleventh”

!minquetyar- v. “to accentuate, (lit.) pronounce prominently”

minquetyarmë n. “accentuation”

mintyë n. “peak”

!minul(da) n. “ingot”

minya ordinal. and adj. “first; eminent, prominent”

miqu- v. “to kiss”

^miquë n. “kiss”

^miquelë n. “kissing”

miquelis (miqueliss-) n. “(soft, sweet) kiss”

mir prep. and adv. “to the inside, into”

mírë (míri-) n. and adj. “jewel, gem, precious thing, treasure; precious”

mírëa adj. “jewelled, *gemmed”

mírenel n. “jewel-triad”

miril (mirill-) n. “shining jewel”

!mirilta- v. “to crystallise; to summarise, sum up”

mirilya- v. “to glitter”

mirima adj. “free”

mírima adj. “very valuable, very precious, very lovely (of work of art only)”

mírinda- v. “*to admire”

!míritan (míritam-) n. “jeweller, jewelsmith”

!míritsettë n. “dragonfly, (lit.) jewel-fly”

!mirma n. “value, *price”

!mirmairë n. “jewelry, (lit.) jewel-art”

!mirquet- v. “to persuade, (lit.) into-talk”

!mirquétala adj. “persuasive”

mirröanwë n. “incarnate”

!mirta- v. “to value, esteem, treasure, cherish”

^miru n. “wine”

^mirucarnë (mirucarni-) adj. “wine-red”

!mirupio n. “grape, (lit.) wine-berry”

^mirúva adj. “like wine, winy”

miruvórë n. “mead, nectar, special wine or cordial, drink of the Elves”

mirwa adj. “precious, valuable”

mirya adj. “beautiful, lovely (of works of art only)”

^mis (mist-) n. “urine”

mísë (*mísi-) [þ] adj. “(light) grey”

mista adj. “grey”

mista- v. “to stray about”

!mistana adj. “stray”

mistë n. “drizzle, fine rain”

!mitië n. “interior”

!mitsavëo n. “micro-organism”

mitta prep. and adv. “inwards, into”

mitta- v. “to insert; to come in, enter (intr.)”

mittandë n. “infixion, intrusion, insertion”

mittanya- v. “*to lead (into), induce”

mittar(ë) n. “*entering, entrance”

!mitwen n. “entrance”

mitya adj. “interior”

miuë (miuy-) n. “cat”

miulë n. “whining, mewing”

^miuya- v. “to cry, whine”

míwa adj. “small, tiny, frail”

mixa adj. “wet, *damp”

mixa adj. “sharp-pointed”

-mma¹ suf. “our (exclusive dual)”

-mmë¹ suf. “we (exclusive dual)”

-mo suf. “agental suffix”

mo pron. “one, anyone, someone, somebody”

!möa v. “must (impersonal)”

moia- v. “to be afflicted, *be laboured”

^moica adj. “soft, gentle”

moina adj. “familiar, dear”

mól n. “slave, thrall”

móla adj. “enslaved”

^mólë n. “labour, *work”

!moleculë n. “molecule”

!móletyeller n. “career, (lit.) work-steps”

!mólië n. “slavery, thralldom”

mólomë n. “hard work, burden”

móna n. “*womb”

morco n. “bear”

mordo n. “[dark] stain, smear; obscurity, dimness, shadow”

morë (mori-) adj. and n. “dark, black; darkness, blackness, night”

!morendë n. “midnight”

!moricalca n. “obsidian, (lit.) black glass”

^mórilanta n. “nightfall”

!morilúpë n. “blackbird, (lit.) black plume”

morimaitë adj. “black-handed”

!moritöa n. “ebony wood”

^móriva adj. “nocturnal”

morna adj. “black, dark; black of hair; sombre”

mornië n. “darkness, blackness”

^móro n. “ink”

!mórolingwë n. “squid, (lit.) ink-fish”

!morromba n. “black trumpet mushroom”

!mortavar n. “ebony”

!morteccon (morteccond-) n. “graphite, (lit.) black writing rock”

!morumbar adj. “dark-fated”

móta- v. “to labour, toil, *work”

!mótamen n. “office”

!mótaro n. “worker”

motto n. “fen, marsh; blot”

^múco n. “dung, *manure, muck”

^muhta- v. “*to defecate, empty bowels”

muilë n. “secrecy”

muina adj. “hidden, secret”

!muinas (muinass-) n. “hideout”

^mul- v. “to grind, *pulverize”

^mulda adj. “powdery”

mulë n. “meal, *grist, ground grains”

!mulessë n. “porridge”

^mulma n. “fine flour”

^mulmar n. “miller”

^mulmin n. “mill”

mulo (mulu-) n. “dust, fine powder”

!mulondo n. “millstone”

mun- v. “to dislike, to not like”

mundo n. “bull, ox”

mundo (mundu-) n. “snout, nose; cape [of land]”

!mundollë n. “calf”

^munta n. “nothing, *zero”

^muqua adj. “filthy”

!murmel (murmeld-) n. “plushie, (lit.) soft/slumber friend”

mussë adj. “soft”

!mustalan (mustalam-) n. “mattress, (lit.) soft flat space”

^mut (muc-) n. “dirt, filth”

-n² suf. “dative suffix”

ná interj. “yes, it is so, it is a fact”

ná- v. “to be”

na-¹ pref. “plu-”

nac- v. “to hew [into], cut”

nac-² v. “to bite”

nácë interj. “it may be seeming, *qualified yes”

!nacil n. “victor”

náha adj. “narrow, *thin”

naham- v. “to summon”

nahámë n. “summons”

nahamna adj. “summoned”

nahta-¹ v. “to slay”

nahta¹ n. “bite”

nahta-² v. “to confine, oppress”

nahta² num. card. “eighteen”

!nahtalë n. “slaughter”

nahtana adj. “*slain”

!nahtar n. “slayer, murderer”

nahtë n. “wounding, wound”

nai adv. “maybe; be it that, may it be that; perhaps, it may be, there is a chance or possibility”

nai- pref. “ill, grievously, abominably”

naica adj. “bitterly painful or grievous”

naicë n. “sharp pain”

naicëa adj. “cruel”

naicelë n. “anguish”

naicelëa adj. “painful, agonizing”

!naico n. “goat”

!naifélula adj. “sore, painfully sensitive”

naina n. “upstream”

naina- v. “to lament, *mourn”

!nainaima adj. “lamentable”

!nainala adj. “lamenting”

!nainalindë n. “dirge, (lit.) lament-song”

nainië n. “lament, *lamentation”

naiquet- v. “to curse or blaspheme”

!naiquéto n. “blasphemer”

naira² adj. “dreadful, horrible, unendurable, dire, grievous”

nairë n. “sorrow, *sadness”

!nairë [ñ-] n. “space (as a physical dimension)”

nairëa adj. “sorrowful, *sad”

!nairenyanna adv. “unfortunately, (lit.) to my sadness”

^naita- v. “to oppress, cause great grief to”

naitë adj. “true”

naitië adv. “indeed, truly, *really”

^naitya- v. “to put to shame, abuse, *rebuke”

!naityalë n. “shame”

!naityana adj. “shamed, ashamed”

!nalanta- v. “to attack, (lit.) fall upon”

nalda [ñ-] adj. “bright, polished (of metal)”

nalláma n. “echo”

!nallamya- v. “to echo, sound back, reverberate”

nalta [ñ-] n. “radiance, glittering reflection”

naltalma [ñ-] n. “heliograph”

!nalumë adv. “sometime(s)”

nam- v. “to judge, *think (have as an opinion)”

náma¹ n. “judgment or desire”

namárië interj. “farewell, (lit.) be well, let it be well (to you)”

namba n. “hammer”

namba- v. “to hammer”

!nambírë n. “jasper”

námië n. “single judgment or desire”

!námima adj. “culpable, (lit.) judgeable”

!nammar (nammard-) n. “court, courthouse, (lit.) judgment-house”

namna n. “statute, *law”

!namnasta n. “regulations”

námo¹ n. “person, somebody (unnamed)”

námo² n. “judge”

!námocombë n. “tribunal”

!namoia- v. “to work (hard) for; to earn”

!námondur n. “court-attendant, (lit.) judge-servants”

!nampaitya- v. “to pay back”

!nampaityalë n. “paying back, *restitution”

nan conj. and adv. “but, on the contrary, on the other hand”

nan- pref. “back (again); backwards”

nan-² v. “to go back, [ᴺQ.] *retreat, give way, revert, ebb, (lit.) move backwards”

!nananta- v. “to give back, *return [something]”

nanca adj. “*hewn”

!nancal- v. “to reflect, (lit.) shine back”

nancar- v. “to undo”

!nancúna adj. “convex, (lit.) back-curved”

nanda- [ñ-] v. “to harp”

nanda¹ adj. “?back”

nandaro [ñ-] n. “harper”

nandë [ñ-] n. “harp”

nandelë n. “harping, *repetition”

nandellë [ñ-] n. “little harp, *lyre”

nan(do) n. “(wide) valley, vale”

nangwa n. “jaw”

!nanhanquet- v. “to answer back”

!nanhat- v. “to cast back, reflect”

!nannem- v. “to disappear”

!nanomë adv. “someplace, somewhere”

!nanquer- v. “to turn back, turn around”

!nanquet-¹ v. “to talk back, speak against”

!nantar- v. “to stand back”

nantul- v. “to return, *come back”

nanwa¹ adj. “existing, actual (true), *real”

nanwa² n. “(large) bowl”

!nanwavë adv. “truly, actually”

nanwë n. “ebb, lowtide”

nanwen- v. “to return, go/come back”

!nanwenta- v. “to send back”

!nanwera n. “ransom”

!nanwië n. “reality”

!nanya- v. “to struggle, oppose, resist”

!nanyalë n. “resistance, opposition”

!nap- v. “to take (hold), pick up, grasp (with fingers)”

napan- v. “to add”

napanna n. “additional letter”

nápo n. “thumb, (lit.) picker”

nappa n. “claw, talon”

náquet- v. “to assent, agree (on fact); (lit.) to say ‘it is’”

!naqui conj. “although, even though, (lit.) if it is in fact”

nár n. “fire (as an element)”

naraca adj. “harsh, rending, violent of (?sounds)”

^narambo n. “bang, buffet”

^narca adj. “snappy, ill-tempered”

narca- v. “to rend”

!narcarma n. “gun, firearm”

^narcë n. “*rend, tear; snap of a dog; spiteful remark”

!narcu- v. “to snap”

narda n. “knot”

!náreluhtyuma n. “fire extinguisher”

Nárië n. “June, *Fire-ness”

narmo [ñ-] n. “wolf”

Narquelië n. “October, Sun-fading”

!narrundo n. “torch”

narta- v. “to kindle, *ignite, inflame, set fire to”

!nartaima adj. “inflammable”

!nartanwë n. “firework”

Narvinyë n. “January, *New-fire”

!nas- [þ] v. “to welcome”

!nasal [þ] n. “guest”

!nasarta- v. “to entrust”

násië interj. “*amen, (lit.) may it be so”

!nasima [þ] adj. “kind, welcoming”

nasquë n. “bondage, durance”

nassë n. “spike”

nassë n. “nature, true-being, *essence”

!nassëa¹ adj. “spiked, pointed, barbed”

!nassëa² adj. “natural”

!nassiuta- v. “to discourage”

nasta- v. “to sting, prick”

!nastaro n. “scorpion”

!nastyapsul (nastyapsulc-) n. “turnip, (lit.) prickly/stingy/sharp tasting root”

na-súrima n. “aspirate”

!nasyal- [þ] v. “to invite, (lit.) summon kindly”

nat n. “thing, object”

náto interj. “it is that; *yes (emphatic)”

natsë n. “web, net[work]”

!natsemen n. “website, (lit.) web-spot”

nattira- v. “to despise”

!nattírima adj. “despicable”

^natto (nattu-) n. “affair, matter”

nauca adj. “stunted, shortened, dwarf(ed)”

nauco n. “dwarf”

!nauna- [ñ-] v. “to howl”

nauro [ñ-] n. “werewolf, wolf (not wild wolves)”

nausë [þ] n. “imagination”

nauta adj. “bound, obliged”

!nautië n. “obligation, duty”

!nauya- v. “to conceive [of an idea]”

náva¹ adj. “hollow”

náva² [ñ-] n. “*mouth (including tongue, lips and teeth), speech apparatus”

náva-tengwë [ñ-] n. “consonant”

návë n. “being”

návëa [ñ-] n. and adj. “consonant, *consonantal”

^naxa adj. “sour”

naxa¹ n. “bond, fetter”

†-nca suf. “your (plural familiar)”

†-ncë suf. “you (plural familiar)”

-ndacil suf. “-victor, -slayer”

-ndë suf. “general action verbal suffix”

-ndë suf. “feminine agent”

-(n)dil suf. “-friend, -lover; devotion, disinterested love”

-ndo suf. “(masculine) agent”

-ndor suf. “land, country”

^-(n)dórë suf. “-illion, *large number suffix”

-(n)duinë suf. “(large) river”

-(n)dur suf. “servant”

né adv. “ago, behind (earlier time); yes (it was so)”

nec- pref. “without”

néca adj. “pale, vague, faint, dim to see”

necel n. “thorn”

!necermëa adj. “insubstantial, immaterial”

!necestel n. “hopelessness, despair, desperation”

nef- v. “to breathe (air)”

nefítë adj. “air-breathing”

nehta- v. “to deprive”

!nehtanna n. “melliferous flower, any plant which supplies bees with a lot of nectar”

nehtano n. “one deprived, exile whose rights and goods have been confiscated”

nehtar n. “slayer”

nehtë¹ n. “spearhead, gore, wedge, narrow prominitory; angle”

nehtë² n. “honey”

^nehtelë n. “honeycomb”

nel- pref. “tri-”

!nelca adj. “dense”

neldë num. card. “three”

neldëa num. ord. “third”

nel(d)esta fraction. “one third”

!nelecco n. “fork, (lit.) three-thorn”

nelet (nelc-) n. “tooth”

!nellarma n. “swimsuit”

nellë n. “brook, *stream”

!nellon (nellond-) n. “granite, (lit.) tri-rock”

^nellumë adv. “thrice, three times”

^nelma n. “needle”

!nelmasirpë [þ] n. “thistle, (lit.) needle-stalk”

^nelqua adj. “cornered, *angled”

!nelquain num. card. “thirty”

nelquë num. card. “*thirteen”

nelquëa num. ord. “*thirteenth”

^nelquesta fraction. “one thirteenth”

^neltë n. “corner”

neltil (neltild-) n. “triangle”

†nelya num. ord. “third”

^nelya- v. “to thicken, congeal”

nem-² v. “to seem, appear”

!nemba adj. “seeming, evident, probably but not necessarily so”

!nembalë n. “evidence”

némë n. “leave, *permission”

nemesta n. “appearance, seeming”

nemestëa adj. “apparent, *obvious”

-nen suf. “instrumental”

^nen (neng-) n. “nostril”

nén (nen-) n. “water”

nenda adj. “wet”

!nendalaurë n. “golden water-flower, yellow iris”

nendë n. “lake, pool”

nendil n. “beast that lives in the water”

^nendo n. “water mead, *watered plain”

nenemma- v. “to keep on (re-)appearing”

!nengarmo n. “otter, (lit.) water-wolf”

nengwë (nengwi-) n. “nose”

nengwëa adj. “nasal”

nengwetanwa adj. “nasal-infixed”

nengwetehta n. “nasal sign”

Nénimë n. “February, *Wet-ness”

^nenquet- v. “to condescend, (orig.) speak down the nose”

!nenta- v. “to pretend, (lit.) make seem”

!nenungol n. “octopus, (lit.) water-spider”

nér (ner-) n. “man, male person; adult male”

nercë n. “little man”

nerdo n. “large, strong man”

ne(re)sta fraction. “one ninth”

nerítë adj. “manly”

nernehta n. “man-spearhead”

nertë num. card. “nine”

nertëa num. ord. “ninth”

^nes (nest-) n. “food, feed, fodder”

nésa [þ] n. “sister”

nésë [þ] n. “youth”

nessa adj. “young”

nessamelda n. “species of tree in Númenor, (lit.) beloved of Nessa”

^†nessë n. “past tense, (lit.) nē-ness”

^nesselë n. “pasture, mead[ow]; pasturage”

nessima adj. “youthful”

!nessornë n. “sapling”

^nesta-¹ v. “to graze, pasture, give to feed, feed”

!nestië n. “(act of) feeding”

!nesya [þ] adj. “gay, lively, girlish”

^net- [ñ-] v. “to get, *obtain”

net(ë) n. “one more beyond (the middle)”

!neterquain num. card. “ninety”

neterquë num. card. “nineteen”

neterquëa num. ord. “nineteenth”

netil n. “trinket, small thing of personal adornment”

!netsë (netsi-) n. “little sister, ‘lil sis’ (intimate)”

nettë n. “(little) girl”

!netto n. “big sister, ‘big sis’ (intimate)”

netya adj. “pretty, dainty”

netya- v. “to trim, adorn”

neuma n. “snare, *noose”

neuna adj. “second, *following, next”

neuro n. “follower, successor”

!nev- v. “to face, turn toward, *confront”

nev- v. “to try, *seek opportunity, experiment”

!nevië n. “experiment”

nexa adj. “sharp, angular”

néya adv. “once, at one time”

-ngo suf. “we (inclusive dual)”

-ngwa suf. “*our (inclusive)”

-ngwa suf. “our (inclusive dual)”

-ngwë suf. “we (inclusive dual)”

ni pron. “me, I”

†ní n. “woman, female”

níca adj. “little, small”

^nicë adv. “little, a bit”

nícë n. “little finger”

-nië suf. “female”

nië n. “tear”

^nienaitë adj. “tearful”

nieninquë n. “snowdrop, (lit.) white tear”

nieninquëa adj. “like a snowdrop”

^nier n. “(honey) bee”

^nieres (nieress-) n. “hive”

!niermelda n. “linden tree, (lit.) beloved by the bee”

!niétë adj. “oozing, dripping, exuding”

!nihta n. “piece, bit (of indeterminate size)”

!nihta- v. “to reduce, make small”

!nihtana adj. “reduced, minor”

!nihtirya adj. “meticulous, (lit.) bit-watching”

nil (nild-) n. “blue-bell, harebell”

nil- v. “to love, *have special concern/care/interest for”

!níla adj. “devoted”

nilaistama n. “something/body or other”

!nílanta- v. “to become devoted, dedicated, or strongly attached”

nilda adj. “friendly, loving (towards)”

nildë n. “friend (f.)”

nildo n. “friend [m.]”

nílë (níli-) n. “a special concern with or love for”

nillë¹ [ñ-] n. “silver glint; Valinorian imagines [images of real stars]”

nillë² (nill-) n. “small [woman]”

nilmë n. “friendship”

nilmë n. “love, concern for things other than self for their own sakes”

nilmo n. “friend”

!niltelmë n. “(sun)bonnet, (lit.) harebell-hood”

!nilya- v. “to befriend, devote oneself to”

nimpa adj. “drooping, ailing”

nimulë n. “phantom, a seeming”

nindari n. “river-maid, nymph”

nindë adj. “slender”

ninquë (ninqui-) adj. “white; chill, cold; pallid”

!ninquelë n. “pallor”

ninqueri n. “*white (female thing or personification)”

ninqueru n. “white man, white male swan, white ship, white (male thing or personification)”

ninquinta- v. “to grow pale”

ninquissë n. “whiteness”

ninquita- v. “to whiten, grow white, make white; to shine white”

ninquitárë n. “whitening, whitewashing”

!ninteccon (ninteccond-) n. “chalk, (lit.) white writing rock”

ninya pron. “my [independent possessive]; [ᴺQ.] mine”

nípa adj. “small (usually with connotation of weakness)”

niqu- v. “to be chill, cold, freeze (of weather)”

niquë n. “cold”

niquessë n. “frost-patterns; snowflake, ice-flake; (lit.) chill feather”

niquis (niquiss-) n. “snowflake, ice-flake; petal (loose) of a white flower”

nir- v. “to press, urge, thrust, force (in a given direction); [ᴺQ.] to impose [with allative]”

níra n. “will (as a potential or faculty), individual will (in potential)”

nírë n. “force”

nírítë adj. “forceful, exerting great thrust or pressure, driving”

nirmë n. “act of will, exercise of will”

!nirmunqua adj. “willful”

nirwa n. “bolster, cushion”

!nirya- v. “to lean against”

nis- [þ] v. “*to smell sweetly”

nís (niss-) n. “woman (of any kindred: elf, human or dwarf)”

!nisilë [þ] n. “fragrance, perfume”

!nisilëa [þ] adj. “perfumed”

nísima [þ] adj. “fragrant”

nisítë adj. “womanly”

!nisquë n. “incense, *(lit.) sweet smoke”

!nista n. “thrust, push, shove”

!nista- v. “to perfume”

nisto n. “large woman”

!níta- v. “to weep, cry [tears]”

nítë (*níti-) adj. “moist, dewy, *damp (of weather)”

!nitwa n. “censer”

nitya adj. “little”

!nityahan (nityahán-) n. “little brother (informal/familiar)”

!nityanet (nityanéþ-) n. “little sister (informal/familiar)”

nixë n. “minnow, little fish”

nixë n. “frost”

-nna suf. “(movement) to, towards, onto, at (arriving at a point); allative suffix”

-nna suf. “to, towards; allative suffix”

-no suf. “male”

!nó n. “design”

^nó- v. “to be born”

nó¹ prep. and conj. “before (of time); at back (of place); yester-; after (of place), behind”

nöa adj. and n. “yesterday; former, *previous”

!nocca n. “acorn”

noirë n. “tomb”

nóla¹ n. “round head, knoll, round hilltop”

nóla² [ñ-] adj. “wise, learned”

nólë [ñ-] n. “lore, knowledge, long study; wisdom”

!nólecöa [ñ-] n. “school, (lit.) house of lore”

nolfinë [ñ-] n. “magical skill”

!nolmar [ñ-] n. “school, university, (lit.) wisdom-house”

nolmë [ñ-] n. “knowledge, philosophy (including science), department of wisdom (science, etc.)”

nolmo [ñ-] n. “wise person”

nólöa n. “yesteryear”

^nolpa n. “mole”

nolwë [ñ-] n. “wisdom, (secret) lore”

nolya [ñ-] adj. “dark-haired, *brown-haired”

nolya- [ñ] v. “to teach, *educate, tutor”

!nolyar [ñ-] n. “teacher”

nómë n. “place”

!nómëa adj. “local”

nómessë n. “place-name”

!-non (-nóm(e)-) suf. “-place, -spot (forms place-names, area nouns)”

nóna adj. “born”

!nónarë n. “generation”

nonda n. “hand especially in (?clutching)”

^nonóra- v. “to run on, run smoothly and hum, *keep on running (especially of machines)”

^nonwë n. “calculation, sum, *total”

!nópata- v. “to precede, (lit.) to walk before”

!nóquista- v. “to assume, make premature judgements”

nór (nor-) n. “land”

nor-¹ v. “to run (of animals or men)”

!nórarwa n. “economy, (lit.) country-wealth”

nórë n. “land, country, region where certain people live, nation; †people, race, tribe, folk”

!nórëa adj. “national”

!noremma n. “map”

!noremmatan (noremmatam-) n. “cartographer”

!nóretur n. “governer, (lit.) country-ruler”

norië n. “running”

!nóriecáno n. “president [of a country]”

norima adj. “strong/swift at running, swiftly running a course”

normë n. “race”

norna adj. “tough, stiff; hard, firm, resistant; thrawn, obdurate”

nornëa adj. “*of oak”

Norno n. “Dwarf”

norno n. “oak”

^nornolassëa adj. “having oak-leaves”

noroitë (noroiti-) adj. “(capable of) running”

norolinda adj. “*tripping lightly”

^norollë n. “cart”

norsa [þ] n. “giant”

norta [ñ-] adj. “horrible”

norta- v. “to ride, [lit.] make run (specially used of riding horses or other animals)”

!nortasta n. “ride”

nortil n. “cape (of land)”

norto [ñ-] n. “horror”

nos(së) n. “kindred, family, clan, ‘house’”

!nossetur n. “patriarch, family head”

^nosta n. “birth”

nosta- v. “to beget, give birth to; to be begotten, *be born [impersonal]”

^nostalë n. “species, kind, *type, sort”

nostar n. “*ancestor, forbearer”

!nostarë n. “birthday”

!nostarenca adj. “orphaned, (lit.) parent-less”

not- v. “to count”

!nótar n. “computer, calculator”

nótë n. “number”

!nótengolmë n. “mathematics”

notessë n. “numeral”

!notessëa adj. “numeral, digital”

nótië n. “*counting”

nótima adj. “countable, limited in number (weight and measure); (colloquial) moderate in amount, some, few, several”

-nquë suf. “thou-and-I (dual)”

-nta¹ suf. “their”

-nta² suf. “they (neuter)”

-nta² suf. “to become or be made”

-ntë suf. “they”

nu prep. “under, beneath”

nú- pref. “going down, setting (of sun), west”

nucumna adj. “humbled”

!nucupta- v. “to humble (someone), force to bow, vanquish”

!nucuv- v. “to humble oneself, submit, pay homage, genuflect”

nuhta- v. “to stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue”

!nuhtasta n. “suspension, cessation”

!nuinerocco n. “hippopotamus, (lit.) river-horse”

núla¹ [ñ-] adj. “dark, occult, mysterious”

núlë [ñ-] n. “black arts, sorcery”

!núlemo [ñ-] n. “(evil) sorceror, black magician”

nulla adj. “dark, dusky, obscure; hidden, secret”

!ñulma n. “mystery”

numba adj. “bent, humped”

!numbë n. “timidity”

!numbëa adj. “timid”

númen n. “west, direction or region of the sunset, occident, (lit.) going down”

númenya adj. “western”

nún adv. “down below, underneath, beneath”

núna adj. “western”

!(n)ungwar- v. “to undermine, weaken, hinder, sabotage, sap, (lit.) to under/down-fret”

^nungwë n. “cold (in the nose or head)”

nunna adv. “down”

!nunya adj. “lower (as in quality, rank or value)”

!nupattal n. “horseshoe”

!nuqua n. “obstacle”

nuquerna adj. “reversed, inverted, *(lit.) under-turned”

^nur (nurr-) n. “complaint”

nur- v. “to grow/be dark”

núra adj. “deep”

!núrë n. “maid servant, servant-woman”

!núrië n. “depth (abstract)”

!nurmë n. “subordination”

!nurmëa adj. “subordinate, lesser”

!nurno adj. “dark, deep (of hue)”

núro n. “servant”

!núromolië n. “ministry, (lit.) servant-labour”

nurru- v. “to murmur, grumble, mumble”

!nurrulë n. “murmuring”

nurta- v. “*to hide”

nurtalë n. “hiding”

nuru [ñ-] n. “death [abstract]”

!núrula adj. “grumpy, (lit.) likely to growl/grumble”

!nurunyel (nurunyell-) [ñ-] n. “foxglove, (lit.) death-bell”

!nurya- v. “to complain”

^nus (nust-) n. “smell”

nusta- v. “to smell [something]”

!nustaima adj. “odorous, (lit.) able to be smelled”

^nustë n. “sense of smell”

nut- v. “to tie”

núta- v. “to lower”

nútaitë (nútaiti-) adj. “*(naturally) lowering, ?degrading”

!nutanwë n. “infrastructure”

nútë n. “bond, knot”

nútil (nútill-) n. “under-point”

nútima adj. “*lowerable”

!nutta n. “comma, (lit.) that what ties or binds (together)”

nuxo n. “Petty dwarf”

núya- v. “to descend, *come down, set (of the sun)”

-nwa suf. “passive suffix; active participle (intransitive verbs); perfective participle”

!nwal- [ñ-] v. “to suffer, feel (great) pain”

nwalca [ñ-] adj. “cruel”

nwalma [ñ-] n. “pain”

nwalmë [ñ-] n. “torment”

nwalya- [ñ-] v. “to pain, torment”

nwámë [ñ-] n. “wolvish howling”

nwar- [ñ-] v. “to fret, wear away, erode; *worry about [with reflexive + dative]”

!nwátengwë [ñ-] n. “irony, (lit.) disguise-token”

nwë [ñ] pron. “*we (inclusive)”

-nya suf. “my”

-nya suf. “*my”

!nyaira n. “claim”

!nyanda- v. “to gnaw”

nyar- v. “to relate, recite, tell”

!nyarda n. “list, (lit.) product of recitation”

!nyarda- v. “to preach”

!nyardar n. “preacher”

nyárë n. “history, account, tale, saga”

nyarië n. “talking”

!nyarmë n. “storytelling (general/abstract)”

nyarna n. “(long epic) tale, story, legend, saga”

nyarnamaitar n. “storyteller, composer of long epic tales, *author”

!nyarrincë n. “mouse”

nyarro n. “rat”

nyárula adj. “apt to talk”

!nyarvë n. “fiction”

!nyarvëa adj. “fictional”

^nyas [þ] n. “scratch, score, line, mark”

^nyas- [þ] v. “to scratch”

!nyasta n. “snack”

^nyat- v. “to talk idly, *gossip, chat”

^nyatil n. “idle talk, gossip”

!nyatso n. “magpie, (lit.) chatterer”

-n(yë) suf. “I”

nye pron. “me, I”

^nyé n. “bleat, cry of goat or sheep”

!nyelco n. “armadillo”

^nyelecca n. “onyx”

^nyelet (nyelec-) n. “nail (of the finger)”

!nyelexë n. “arthropod”

nyellë n. “bell”

nyello n. “singer”

^nyéni n. “(she) goat”

^nyenya adj. “querulous, tearful, plaintive”

^nyenyë n. “weeping”

^nyérë n. “grief”

-o suf. “of; genitive ending”

o prep. “from”

o- pref. “together”

ó prep. “with”

öa adv. “away (of movement)”

öa- v. “to possess, own, keep”

!öamo n. “owner”

!öapsar- v. “to wipe away”

öar adv. “away from”

!öatarië n. “apostasy, (lit.) away-standing”

!ocar- v. “to cooperate, work together, participate”

!ocaraitië n. “program, a set of activities”

^occa n. “knee”

ócom- v. “to gather, assemble”

(o)combë n. “gathering, assembly, assemblage, collection, *congregation”

!(o)combëa adj. “collective, assembled, cooperative, concerted, corporate, consolidated”

!ofelmë n. “sympathy, compassion, pity, *(lit.) together-feeling”

!ofelmenca adj. “tactless, indelicate, (lit.) without together-feeling”

!ohaimestië n. “civilisation, culture, (lit.) a shared set of customs”

!ohérë n. “government”

!ohéressë n. “politics”

!ohéressëa adj. “political”

ohlon n. “diphthong”

oholima adj. “confidential”

ohta n. “war”

ohtar n. “warrior”

!ohtarië n. “martial ardour”

^ohtë n. “egg”

!ohtëa adj. “elliptical, egg-like”

oi- v. “to live, pass one’s days”

oia(la) adj. “everlasting, unceasing, without end, for ever”

oialë n. and adv. “forever; everlastingly, eternally, in eternity”

oialëa adj. “eternal”

oi(o) adv. and n. “ever, everlastingly; an endless period, *aeon”

oiolairë n. “ever-summer (a species of tree)”

oira adj. “eternal”

oirë n. “everlasting age”

^oiwa adj. “glossy”

^oiwië n. “gloss, glossiness”

ola- v. “to become; to grow (up)”

óla- v. “to dream (impersonal)”

ólama n. “consonant”

ólamaitë adj. “consonantal”

^olanwa adj. “fully grown, adult, mature”

olass(i)ë n. “foliage, collection of leaves”

^olasta n. “growth”

!ólav- v. “to compromise”

!ólavië n. “compromise”

olba n. “branch”

olca adj. “bad, wicked”

ol(dë) adv. “*in that very same way”

^ólemë n. “elbow”

olië n. “company, people together”

!ólië n. “society, (lit.) together-people”

!olindë n. “harmony”

!olirië n. “concert”

olli pron. “of the same number”

olmen (olmend-) n. “growth-year”

olmië n. “growth”

!olmos (olmoss-) n. “chestnut tree, *chestnut”

oloirë n. “great flood”

oloiya- v. “to inundate, flood”

!olopsë n. “broom”

olor n. “dream, vision”

^olorda adj. “dreamy, drowsy; in dreams”

!olorië n. “theory”

olos¹ (olós-) [þ] n. “inflorescence, mass of flowers”

olosta adj. “dreamy, *dreamlike”

olótë n. “bloom, the flowers collectively of a single plant”

^olpë n. “bottle”

olva n. “plant, growing things with roots in the earth”

!om- v. “to hum”

óma n. “voice, resonance of the vocal chords, vowel”

ómaitë n. “voiced [stop]”

ómalóra adj. “voiceless”

ómanda adj. “vocalic”

ómatailë n. “vowel lengthening”

ómataima n. “vocalic extension”

ómatehta n. “vowel-sign”

óma-tengwë n. “vowel-sign”

ombari n. “company, dwellers together”

ómëa n. and adj. “vowel; voiced”

omen- v. “to meet, move to a common point, *(lit.) move together”

!ómen n. “crossroads”

omentië n. “meeting (of pathways), (lit.) coming together of journey-path, meeting or junction of the directions of two people”

!omírë n. “jewelry (collectively)”

!omolmë n. “company, business, enterprise, firm”

!omolmessë n. “corporation”

!omya- v. “to resonate (of longer sounds)”

on- pref. “the same (oneness, uniqueness), identical”

-on¹ suf. “masculine suffix”

-on¹ suf. “masculine suffix”

-on² suf. “augmentative, great”

ona pron. “that identical fact”

onainen adv. “*by that very same means”

o(na)llumë adv. “*at that very same time”

onallumë adv. “at or during exactly the same time”

onan adv. “at the very identical moment, at one and the same time (in absolute unison)”

o(na)ndë adv. “to exactly the same degree”

onandon adv. “in identical fashion”

onanna adv. “*to the very same place”

onanyas adv. “on one and the same day”

onar adv. “on one and the same day”

onaryas adv. “on one/the same day”

onas(së) adv. “*in the very same place”

!onda n. “creation, work”

ondaro adv. “*for the very same reason”

ondo n. “stone (as a material), (large mass of) rock”

^ondolë n. “(stone) monument or cairn”

ondolunca n. “stonewain”

ondomaitar n. “sculptor in stone”

!ondomillo (ondomillu-) n. “petrol, petroleum, gasoline, gas”

!ondopelet (ondopelecc-) n. “pickaxe”

ondórëa adj. “hard-hearted, pitiless”

!ondosercë n. “stonecrop, plant with red flowers, (lit.) blood of stone”

^ondova adj. “stony”

onë pron. “the same person”

!ongolmë n. “geology”

!ongolmo n. “geologist”

ongwë n. “crime”

!ongwemo n. “criminal, transgressor”

onilca pron. “*the same quantity”

onima pron. “of identical kind”

^onin n. “anvil”

onna n. “child, *offspring”

onnomë adv. “*in the very same place”

onómen adv. “*aiming at the very same thing”

onóna adj. and n. “twin-born; one of a pair of twins”

onónë n. “kinswoman”

onóro n. “kinsman”

onossë adv. “the same place (not a different one from one already in mind, e.g. from one occupied by them at some other time)”

onot- v. “to count up, *reckon”

!(o)notasta n. “amount”

onótië n. “*reckoning”

onótimo n. “*reckoner”

!onquilë n. “tone, timbre, (lit.) voice-color”

onta- v. “to beget, *conceive (a child); to create”

ontalë n. “descent, *derivation, ancestry”

ontamo n. “mason”

!ontar n. “parent (gender neutral)”

ontarë n. “begetter, parent (f.)”

ontaro n. “begetter, parent”

ontavalië n. “puberty, *(lit.) able to beget”

onya n. “my child”

onya adj. and pron. “the same, the identical”

!onyeli coll. “choir”

ópa n. “mouth (opening of which the lips are the edges)”

opelë n. “walled house, *manor; village, town, *hamlet”

opo prep. “before, in front (of place)”

or prep. “above, upon”

or- v. “to warn, urge, feel an urge/wish/desire”

ora- v. “to warn, urge, feel an urge/wish/desire”

órava- v. “*to have mercy”

orco n. “Orc”

orco (orcu-) n. “goblin”

orda adj. “profound”

!orda- v. “to threaten”

órë n. “rising, *rise”

órë n. “heart (inner mind), *conscience; warning, caution, (pre)monition”

!orendë n. “(nuclear) family”

orhal- v. “to exalt”

!orhalda adj. “dignified, (lit.) raised above”

^ori n. “grain”

^oricon n. “heather”

!óricuva n. “traitor”

óricuvoitë adj. “uncommunicative, keeping one’s own counsel (not necessarily sinister)”

!orina adj. “risen”

!óripanta adj. “sincere, honest, open, (lit.) open-hearted”

ormë n. “haste, violence, wrath, rushing”

ormo n. “riser”

orna adj. “hasty”

ornë n. “(tall) tree, high isolated tree”

ornemalin n. “[tree] bearing yellow flowers”

ornendur n. “tree-keep, forester, woodsman”

oro n. “mount, mountain”

oro- pref. “up, aloft”

!orohalla adj. “superior”

!orolanda n. “upland, plateau”

oroman (oromand-) n. “mountain dweller”

oromar (oromard-) n. “lofty hall, high-mansion, high (lofty) dwelling”

oron (oront-) n. “mountain”

!oroparmen n. “high school, university”

^orosta n. “ascension”

orotinga n. “mountain-top”

!orpano n. “ridgepole”

orro¹ interj. “ugh, alas!, ow!”

orróna adj. “eastern”

!orsa [þ] adj. “upper, above”

orta-¹ v. “to raise, lift (up), (lit.) cause to rise”

^ortië n. “lifting up, raising”

ortil n. “up-point”

^ortima adj. “able to be raised”

ortírië n. “*patronage, (lit.) watching over (from above)”

!ortirmo n. “overseer”

orto n. “mountain-top”

!ortosta n. “mountain range”

!ortur- v. “to overpower, conquer, prevail”

^orva n. “apple”

!orvamir n. “chrysoprase, (lit.) apple-jewel”

orwa adj. “high, lofty”

orya-¹ v. “to rise”

oryandë n. “arising”

^oryat (oryap-) n. “badger”

!os prep. “around, about”

!osáma adj. “common, joint, (lit.) together-having”

!ósana- v. “to counsel, think together”

ósanwë n. “communication of thought, interchange of thought; (lit.) thinking together (dual)”

!ósat- v. “to share”

!oscaita- v. “to surround, (lit.) around-lie”

!oscir- v. “to circumcise, (lit.) around-cut”

osellë [þ] n. “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]”

!osírië n. “confluence”

!ospor n. “chaff”

!osquetië n. “context”

!ossa adj. “surrounding”

ossë n. “terror”

!ossië n. “surroundings”

!ostampë n. “siege”

!ostap- v. “to besiege, (lit.) around-block”

!ostar n. “community”

!ostec- v. “to describe”

ostimë n. “blend”

!ostimmir n. “agate, (lit.) blend-jewel”

ostirion n. “fort”

osto n. “fortress, stronghold, strong place; city, town with wall round”

!ostoher n. “castellan, (lit.) lord of the castle”

!ostomo n. “citizen”

^oswë [þ] n. “hip”

!oswen- v. “to circumvent, work around [something]”

!oswenië n. “workaround”

!otarmië n. “colonnade”

!otolmië n. “keyboard”

!otoquain num. card. “seventy”

otoquë num. card. “seventeen”

!otoquëa num. ord. “seventeenth”

otornassë n. “brotherhood, *association”

!otornië n. “company, association, alliance”

otorno n. “sworn brother, associate [m.]”

o(to)sta fraction. “one seventh”

otsëa num. ord. “seventh”

otso num. card. “seven”

^otsola n. “(seven-day) week”

!otsolametta n. “weekend”

^otsollumë adv. “seven times”

^ovëa adj. “(con)similar, alike”

!ovëanta- v. “to imitate, make like”

!ovëantainë n. “imitation”

^ovëassë n. “resemblance; likelihood”

^ovesta n. “”

pá prep. “touching, against, on (above but touching); as regards, concerning, about”

pac- v. “to ask, enquire”

^pahta- v. “to speak, talk (intransitive)”

pahta¹ adj. “closed, shut, private”

pahta² n. “speech”

!pahtalanga n. “interpretation”

!pahtalanga- v. “to translate (speech), interpret”

!pahtando n. “orator”

^paimë n. “vengeance taken, punishment, penalty, infliction”

^paimenë n. “vindictiveness, vengefulness, cruelty”

^paimesta n. “chastisement”

^paimeta- v. “to exact or inflict a penalty, punish”

!pairë n. “vengeance, revenge”

^pairemo n. “avenger”

!paireta- v. “to avenge, take vengance”

^paitya- v. “to repay, requite”

!paityalë n. “reward, payment”

!palallon n. “telephone, (lit.) far-sound”

palan adj. and adv. “far, wide, afar, distant; to a great extent, over a wide space, to a distance”

!palancen n. “television, (lit.) far-sight”

!palancenta n. “telecommunication”

!palantilla n. “telescope”

palantir- v. “to watch/look afar”

palantír n. “far-gazer, far-seer, (lit.) that which looks far away”

palanyantië n. “telepathy”

palar n. “plain, flat field, ‘wang’”

palca- v. “to beat flat”

!palda n. “plate, dish, platter”

palda adj. “wide, broad, *expansive”

^palis (palist-) n. “sward, green, lawn”

palla prep. and adv. “far beyond”

!palma¹ n. “oar, [orig.] flat tool, flat plank”

palmë n. “surface”

^palo (palu-) n. “plane (surface), the flat, *level, flatness”

palpa- v. “to beat, batter; *to clap, applaud (with palms)”

palta n. “flat of the hand, *palm; shelf”

palta- v. “to feel with the hand, stroke”

^paltalda n. “palm tree”

^paluhta n. “table”

!paluhtas (paluhtass-) n. “tableware”

!paluhtincë n. “tablet”

palúrë n. “surface, bosom, bosom of Earth, (Old English) folde”

!palusta n. “shelf, bookshelf”

^palwa adj. “even, level, flat”

palya- v. “to open wide, spread, expand, extend”

pamba n. “ball”

^pampilë n. “trembling”

^pampilëa adj. “tremulous”

^pampinë n. “tremor, [minor] earthquake”

^pan conj. “*since, because”

pan- v. “*to arrange, set in order”

panda n. “enclosure”

^panin adj. “definite, planned, concerted, deliberate, prepense, meant”

^panna n. “arrangement, grouping; *plan, course”

pano n. “piece of shaped wood, *board, plank”

panta adj. “open, wide, spreading”

panta- v. “to open, spread out, unfurl, unfold”

^pantië n. “unfolding, opening”

!panwë n. “arrangement, plan; structure, ordering; (musical) theme”

panya- v. “to fix, set; to plan, arrange”

^pap- v. “to tremble”

par- v. “to learn”

!parahta- v. “to dry”

!parandë n. “(school) lesson”

parca adj. “dry”

!parco n. “towel”

!parda n. “bark (of a tree)”

parma n. “book, writing, composition, written document of some size”

!parmacas (parmacaps-) n. “bookcase”

parmahenta- v. “*to read”

parmahentië n. “(book) reading”

!parmahto n. “author”

parmaina adj. “of books, literary”

!parmalas(së) n. “page, (lit.) leaf of book”

parma-resta n. “*book-fair”

!parmasan (parmasamb-) [þ] n. “library [room]”

!parmassë n. “literature”

!parmasson (parmassond-) n. “librarian”

parmatéma n. “p-series”

!parmaxë n. “spine (of a book)”

!parmen n. “school, place of study”

!parmo n. “student, (lit.) learner”

!parna- v. “to comprise, be put together from”

parnë adj. “bald, bare”

!parta- v. “to arrange, compose, order”

!partalë n. “order, orderliness, organization”

!partië n. “arrangement, composition”

pas- [þ] v. “to smooth”

!pásë [þ] n. “linen”

!páselannë [þ] n. “linen-cloth”

!páselarma [þ] n. “linen-raiment”

pasta adj. “smooth(ed), sleek, glabrous”

pasta- v. “to smooth, iron”

!pat n. “step”

!pat- v. “to step, take a (single) step”

pata- v. “to walk, *stroll; to rap, tap (of feet)”

pataca n. “consonant”

^patacë n. “clatter”

^patahta- v. “to clatter; *to clap (+ instrumental of hands)”

^patinca n. “slipper”

†patta adj. “smoothed, sleek”

!pattal n. “hoof”

!patu- v. “to step to it, start off, start walking”

pávatengwë n. “consonant”

pé n. “(closed) mouth; the two lips [as dual]”

^pëanta- v. “to give instructions to, enjoin”

pecco n. “nut”

peccuvo n. “squirrel, (lit.) nut-hider”

^pehtë n. “cox-comb, *crest (of birds)”

pel- v. “to go round, encircle; to surround, fence in, pen in”

!pelas prep. “along, (lit.) by the boundary of”

^pelecco (peleccu-) n. “axe”

peler n. “fenced field”

^pelin adj. “fenced in, pent”

pella prep. and adv. “beyond (boundary or limit)”

!pellauca adj. “lukewarm”

!pellopë n. “donkey, ass”

pelma n. “border, fringe, edge, limiting device; pen”

pelo n. “boundary (fence)”

!pelta- v. “to roll”

peltas (peltax-) n. “fence of fixed stakes, a ‘pale’”

pempë n. “lip”

pen- v. “not to have, *to lack”

penda adj. “sloping down, (steeply) inclined”

penda- v. “to slope, incline”

pendë n. “steep incline, hillside, (down) slope, declivity”

penga- v. “to pout”

!pengëa adj. “labial, of the lips”

!penië n. “lack, want, shortage”

penna n. “vowel; (orig.) lacking”

!penno n. “poor man”

penquanta adj. “full to the brim, with mouth full”

!pentë n. “front”

!pententa- v. “to mention, (lit.) indicate by mouth”

!pententalë n. “mention”

penya adj. “lacking, inadequate; *poor”

!penyalë n. “poverty, deprivation”

!pepella- v. “to circulate, orbit”

^pequ- v. “to comb, card wool, tease”

^pequen n. “comb”

per- pref. “half, semi”

!pérappa n. “bridle, (lit.) lip-rope”

!percoron n. “hemisphere”

peresta fraction. “one half”

!peresta- v. “to disturb”

!perestië n. “disturbance”

Perian (Periand-) n. “Halfling”

!permë n. “half; side (of person or shape)”

perómanda adj. and n. “semivocalic, *semi-vowel”

!perranga n. “cubit”

!persa- v. “to affect [sounds]”

!persana adj. “affected”

!persanië n. “affection”

!pertol (pertoll-) n. “peninsula”

!perwaima n. “skirt, (lit.) half-robe”

perya- v. “to divide in middle, halve”

pí n. “small insect, fly, *mite, gnat”

pic- v. “to lessen, dwindle, wane”

!picara n. “leopard”

picina adj. “little”

!piemillo n. “olive oil”

!pihta- v. “to shrink”

^pil- v. “to steal, *rob”

pilin (pilind-) n. “arrow”

pilinehtar n. “a reed-like plant, (lit.) ?arrow thorn”

!pilintan n. “fletcher”

^pilu n. “thief, robber”

^pilucca adj. “stealthy”

^pilwë n. “robbery, theft”

!pímótar n. “ant, (lit.) insect-worker”

^pimpë (pimpi-) n. “tail”

^pimpilin n. “tassel, hanging tail”

^pimpina adj. “trailing”

^pio n. “berry, plum, cherry”

!piohimma n. “jam, (lit.) berry-sticky-substance”

^piopin n. “haws, fruit of hawthorns”

pirë n. “toe”

^pirin (pirind-) n. “thin rod, pin”

!pirina adj. “juicy, oozy”

pirindë n. “flower that opened and shut quickly with any change of light”

^pirindëa adj. “cylindrical”

^pirinumbë n. “cylinder (hollow)”

pirucendëa adj. “on the point of her toes”

pirya n. “juice, syrup, *sap”

!píta- v. “to reduce, decrease”

!pitsa n. “pizza”

pitya adj. “petty, little”

^piuca n. “blackberry”

piuta- v. “to spit”

^poco n. “bag”

!pocollë n. “pouch”

!poco(lle)nyarro n. “opossum, (lit.) pouch-rat”

poica adj. “clean, pure, tidy”

poinessë n. “?cleanliness”

^poita- v. “to cleanse, *clean”

!poitië n. “(act of) cleaning, cleansing”

pol- v. “can, to be (physically) able to”

^polca n. “pig”

polda adj. “big; strong, burly”

!poldavë adv. “strongly”

poldorë n. “physical strength”

poldórëa adj. “strong, strong-bodied, muscular”

!polëa adj. “able”

!polië n. “ability”

!pollo n. “ram”

^polondë n. “alder”

!polta- v. “to (physically) enable”

póna adv. “forward”

!popólu- v. “to practice, (lit.) slowly gain ability”

porë (pori-) n. “flour”

!porisalquë n. “corn, (lit.) flour-grass”

^porocë n. “hen, barn fowl, *chicken”

!poroton n. “proton”

!Portucalëo n. “Portuguese”

^poru n. “kernel”

potai conj. “*therefore, (lit.) before which”

!póto n. “paw”

†psar- v. “to rub, fret”

†psára n. “peel”

!pucco (puccu-) n. “cunnus, vagina”

^puhta n. “coitus, *sex”

^puhta- v. “to copulate, have sex”

!puhtëa adj. “sexual”

^pulco n. “trunk, bole of tree, *torso”

!pulmaxë n. “leaven(ing), *yeast”

!pulta- v. “to make swell, leaven”

!pulungol n. “tick, (lit.) swelling spider”

^puncil n. “male organ, penis”

punta n. “stopped consonant”

pupso n. “large fly, blow fly”

púrëa adj. “smeared, discoloured, bleared”

pusta n. “stop, *halt, pause”

pusta- v. “to stop, put a stop to, cease”

!putil n. “brake (pedal), the element of a vehicle used to activate the braking mechanism”

putta n. “stop (in punctuation)”

quá adv. “always, at all times, ever”

^quá n. “duck”

!quaccas (quaccar-) n. “tadpole, (lit.) frog head”

quácë n. “frog”

!quaihúmë num. card. “myriad, (lit.) ten thousand”

quainëa num. ord. “tenth”

quainquë num. card. “*sixteen”

!quainyë n. “decade”

^quaista fraction. “one tenth”

qual- v. “to die”

qualdë adv. “*in all ways”

qualin adj. “dead”

quallumë adv. “*a few times”

qualmë n. “(process of) death, (death) agony”

^qualmëa adj. “deadly, deathly”

!qualöa(va) adj. and adv. “annual, yearly, perennial (year as whole)”

!qualta- v. “to kill, murder”

!qualussë n. “perfect tense, (lit.) full tense”

^quam- v. “to be ill, vomit”

quámë n. “sickness, nausea”

^quámëa adj. “sick, *nauseous”

quamma pron. “everyone/anyone”

!quamna n. “vomit”

^quampa n. “peddlar-goods”

^quampa- v. “to hawk goods”

^quampalë n. “chaffering, *haggling, bargaining”

^quampo n. “pedlar, huckster”

qua(n)- pref. “all, all the (with plurals), every; each, every”

quanna adj. “entire, complete, whole”

quanquë n. “always, at all times, ever”

quanta adj. “full, filled”

quanta- v. “to fill [something], *(lit.) make full; to complete, *fulfill”

!quantassë n. “fullness”

quanta-tencelë n. “full writing”

quantemma n. “facsimile, *(lit.) full-picture”

quantien n. “century, (lit.) full year”

quantolië n. “maturity”

^quap- v. “to chaffer, bargain, swap, barter”

^quapta n. “deal, bargain”

^quapta- v. “to exchange”

^quaptalë n. “exchange”

!quaptando n. “money-changer, (lit.) exchanger”

quáqua adj. and pron. “every, each; everything, all facts”

^quaqua- v. “to quack, squawk, cackle, *croak”

quá(qua)men adv. “*aiming at all things”

quáquanar adv. “every day”

quáquárëa pron. “of all ages”

quáquaryas adv. “on every day”

!quaquatta- v. “to flutter”

quáquë pron. “all, everyone, every person/thing”

quáquello adv. “*from everywhere”

quáquen(an) adv. “on each occasion”

qua(que)ndë adv. “in all ways, to every extent”

quaquendon adv. “*like all”

quáquenna adv. “*to everywhere”

quaquenomë adv. “*in all places”

quá(que)ro adv. “by all means, for every reason, on all accounts”

quáquessë adv. “everywhere”

quáquilca pron. “of all sizes”

quáquilli pron. “all, all numbers of men (if referring to groups)”

quáquima pron. “of any kind, of all sorts”

quáquínen adv. “*by all means”

!quaran (quarán-) n. “full-moon”

quár(ë) n. “fist, closed hand”

^quas- [þ] v. “to shake, flap, nod”

!quasil [þ] n. “fan, a device used to stir air”

quat- v. “to fill, *be filled”

quëa n. “vegetable”

!quëallumë adv. “ten times”

quëan num. card. “ten”

!quëatarwa n. “vegetable or kitchen garden”

quel- v. “to fade”

^quelehtë n. “carcase, *carcass”

quelet (quelett-) n. “corpse”

^queletië n. “rot, corruption”

^queletima adj. “corrupt, rotten”

^queletya- v. “to rot”

quelië n. “*fading”

quellë n. “late autumn and early winter, (lit.) fading”

^quelmë n. “ruin, utter end, perdition”

quén (quen-) n. and pron. “person, individual, man or woman; one, somebody”

Quendë n. “Elf, (lit.) One That Speaks”

Quenderin adj. and n. “Quendian, of the Quendi, belonging to the Elves as a whole”

quénë n. “petrel”

^quenna n. “saying, proverb”

!quennasta n. “syntax”

†quenso n. “minstrel, reciter”

quenta n. “story, narrative, account, history, tale”

quentalë n. “history, narration, account”

quentarë n. “minstrel [f.]”

quentaro n. “speaker, reciter; narrator, minstrel”

quentassë n. “history”

quentasta n. “historical account”

!quenwa n. “subject matter, discussion topic”

Quenya n. “Elvish, High-elven, Elf-latin, †speech”

Quenyarin adj. “*of Quenya”

!quequer- v. “to wag”

quequetta- v. “to repeat, keep on saying”

quer- v. “to turn, *revolve”

!querda n. “turn (e.g. in a game)”

!querë n. “revolution (around a point)”

queren (querend-) n. “pivot, revolving centre, *axis”

querma n. “spinning wheel, turn-table, *wheel”

!quermen n. “a turning, turn, corner (of a street)”

querna adj. “*turned”

!quernamo n. “proselyte, convert”

!ques (quest-) n. “(fluffy) flake, bit of fluff”

!quessamin (quessamind-) n. “velvet, (lit.) downy silk”

quessë n. “feather”

!quessehonda adj. “frivolous; (lit.) feather-hearted”

quesset (*quessec-) n. “pillow”

quessetéma n. “kw-series”

questa n. “speech, language”

quet- v. “to say, speak, tell”

quetië n. “words, *(lit.) saying”

quetil n. “tongue, language, talk”

quétima adj. “speakable, pronounceable, utterable, *able to be said”

^quetítë adj. “having speech, able to talk, good at expression, glib”

quetta n. “word”

!quettacarmë n. “(art of) word-making”

!quettalcar n. “renown, (lit.) word-glory”

^quettalë n. “sentence; wording, expression, phrase”

!quettapano n. “morpheme, (lit.) word-element”

!quettaparma n. “wordlist, wordbook”

!quettasta n. “dictionary”

!quetyar- v. “to pronounce, (lit.) cause vocal speech”

!quetyarmë n. “pronunciation”

qui conj. “if”

!quihta n. “shot, projectile (from a bow or a crossbow)”

!quihta- v. “to shoot”

^quilda adj. “quiet, hushed, still”

^quilda- v. “to stay quiet, be quiet”

^quildarë n. “bat”

^quildë n. “quiet, rest, hush”

^quilë n. “colour, color, hue”

^quilëa adj. “coloured, colored, -hued”

^quilin adj. “adorned; (orig.) bright-coloured, *embellished”

^quilinoitë adj. “[em]broidered”

!quilma n. “paint”

^quilta n. “belt”

^quilta- v. “to gird, encircle”

!quiltaina adj. “girdled, girt”

!quiltalannë n. “apron”

^quiltassë n. “(em)broidery”

^quilya- v. “to colour, color, embellish, *paint”

!quima conj. “whether”

^quin- v. “to speak high, squeak”

quín(ë) n. “crest, ridge”

^quínë n. “squeaking, *squeak”

^quínëa adj. “squeaking”

quinga n. “bow (for shooting)”

^quinga- v. “to twang, thrum (of strings, harps, etc.)”

quingatelco adj. “*bow-legged”

quinna adj. “crested”

^quinqua adj. “languid, *lazy, relaxed”

^quinquelë n. “languor, *relaxation”

^quinquelëa adj. “languorous, *relaxing”

^quinquenna n. “Solomon’s-seal”

^quint n. “loop, stitch (in knitting)”

quiquië adv. “whenever”

^quir- v. “to stir, make spin”

!quiril n. “spindle; [spinning] top, *whirligig”

!quirilda adj. “twirling, pirouetting”

^quirmë n. “cream”

quista- v. “to suppose”

^quit- v. “to knit”

^quitima adj. “(for) knitting”

^quitin adj. “knitted, joined tight”

!quitulma n. “scenario”

^quol- v. “to ail, *be sick”

^quolimo n. “invalid”

^quolina adj. “ill, sickly, ailing”

^quolu n. “disease”

^quolúva adj. “pestilent, pestilential”

^quolúvië n. “pestilence”

^quonda n. “choking smog, smoke”

^quor- v. “to choke, suffocate, (esp.) drown”

^quorin adj. “drowned, choked, speechless”

^quosta- v. “to choke, drown (trans.)”

-r¹ suf. “plural suffix”

†-r² suf. “motion to or towards a point, *archaic allative”

†rá¹ (ráv-) n. “lion”

rá² prep. “*for, on behalf of”

rac- v. “to break”

ráca n. “wolf”

racca n. “*claw”

raccalepta adj. “*claw-fingered”

racina adj. “stripped, deprived”

rácina adj. “broken”

!racon (racond-) n. “cobblestone, (lit.) broken stone”

!rácumbar n. “aconitum, wolfsbane, (lit.) wolf-doom”

raf- v. “to snatch, seize”

^rahta- v. “to stretch out, reach”

!rahtë n. “extent, reach, scope”

raica adj. “crooked, bent, wrong”

!raica- v. “to falsify”

raima n. “net”

raina¹ adj. “netted, enlaced; caught in a net”

raina² adj. “smiling, gracious, sweet-faced”

rainë n. “*peace, good will”

raiqua adj. “angry”

!raiquë interj. “damn! (lit.) rage!”

raita-¹ v. “to make network or lace; to catch in a net”

raita-² v. “to smile”

raiwë n. “lace”

ral- v. “*to return (to somewhere)”

!ralya- v. “to return (something)”

!rama n. “legal case, cause, (lit.) a matter on someone’s behalf”

ráma n. “wing”

^rámaitë (rámaiti-) adj. “winged, having wings”

rámalócë n. “winged dragon”

ráman (rámand-) n. “great ship for sailing on the Great Sea”

rámannertë n. “ship-ennead”

ramba n. “wall”

!ramma n. “lever”

ran (ramb-) n. “beam of wood”

Rána n. “Moon, (lit.) Wayward”

ránasta n. “lunar month”

ranco (rancu-) n. “arm”

!rancuríma n. “bracelet, (lit.) armband”

randa n. “cycle, age (100 Valian Years)”

ránë n. “straying, wandering”

ránen adj. “errant, *roving”

ranga n. “yard, full pace”

rangwë n. “fathom”

!rangwië n. “fathom(ing), spatial reckoning/consideration”

!ranqua n. “armful”

^ranta n. “course”

rantala n. “ladder”

!rantarwa n. “partner”

!rantië¹ n. “party”

!rantië² n. “tribute”

ranya n. “erratic wandering”

ranya- v. “to stray, *wander”

!ranyaila adj. “wandering”

!ranyar n. “wanderer”

!rappa n. “rope”

!rapta n. “loot, booty, stolen goods”

!ráquen n. “representative, ambassador”

ras- v. “to stick out”

rasillo [þ] n. “squirrel”

rassë n. “horn [of both animals and mountains]”

!rassëa adj. “horned”

!rassemunda n. “rhinoceros, (lit.) horn-snout”

!rassulca n. “carrot”

-rasta suf. “twelve”

!rasta- v. “to guide (with allative); to explain (with dative); (lit.) to make find a way”

!rat- v. “to explore, find a way”

ráta- v. “to excel, surpass”

ratta n. “track”

!rattaraxa n. “tram, (lit.) track-wagon”

!raucëa adj. “demonic”

rauco n. “demon, powerful hostile and terrible creature”

raumo n. “(noise of a) storm”

rauro n. “lion”

!rav- v. “to roar”

ráva adj. “free, unfettered, uncontrolled, lawless”

ráva² n. “bank (especially of a river)”

rávë n. “roaring noise”

rávëa adj. “roaring”

^ravennë n. “she-lion, *lioness”

raxa n. “wain, *wagon”

raxë n. “*danger”

!raxëa adj. “dangerous”

!ráya- v. “to devote, dedicate, (lit.) to make something be on somebody’s behalf”

-rë suf. “abstract noun”

ré n. “day (period from sunset to sunset)”

rëa adj. “single”

^recca n. “spittle, *saliva”

rehta- v. “to rescue, save”

rehtië n. “rescue, saving”

!rehto n. “savior”

!relyávalda n. “fig-tree”

!relyávë n. “fig”

rem- v. “to snare, *entangle, trap”

remba- v. “to net, entrap”

rembë n. “mesh; net (for catching), hunter’s or fisher’s net”

rembina adj. “entangled; meshed, netted, woven”

remma n. “snare, *trap”

rempa adj. “crooked, hooked”

!rempamba(lë) n. “basketball”

!remparma n. “memoirs, diary”

!ren- v. “to remember”

réna n. “edge, border, margin”

^renda adj. “related, of the same kin or clan”

^rendë n. “kinship, kin, kindred, clan”

^rendo n. “male cousin, kinsman, *relative”

^rendolë n. “cousinship”

!rénë n. “memory”

!renquenna n. “riddle, (lit.) snare-saying”

!renta- v. “to remind”

!rëo n. “smile”

rer- v. “to sow”

!rerestë n. “scattering, diaspora”

!rerindo n. “sower”

!res- [þ] v. “to remain in same place”

^ressë n. “female cousin, kinsman, *relative”

resta n. “sown field, tilled ground, acre; *fair”

!restandië n. “furlong”

!restassë n. “countryside, the country”

!restë n. “endurance”

!ret- v. “to climb”

retto n. “*climber”

rí n. “reed, grass-stem”

ría n. “wreath, garland”

ric-¹ v. “to try, put forth effort, strive, endeavour”

ric-² v. “to twist”

!ricci n. “wasp, (lit.) she of sudden moves”

!ricítë adj. “diligent”

rië² adv. “only”

riel(lë) n. “garlanded maiden, maiden crowned with a festive garland”

!rihta n. “effort”

rihta- v. “to jerk, give quick twist or move, twitch, *wrench”

rillë n. “brilliance”

rilma n. “glittering light”

rilya adj. “glittering”

ríma n. “fillet, snood, *headband, hairnet”

^ríma n. “line of seeds planted, row, series, furrow”

rimba adj. “frequent, numerous”

rimbë n. “host, great number, crowd”

rimpa adj. “rushing, flying”

^rimpë¹ (rimpi-) n. “stripe, strip”

!rimpeccuvo n. “chipmunk”

!rimperocco n. “zebra, (lit.) stripe-horse”

^rimpina adj. “striped”

!rimpion (rimpiond-) n. “gneiss, (lit.) stripe-rock”

!rimpira (rimpiráv-) n. “tiger, (lit.) stripe-lion”

-rin suf. “-ian, racial-adjective, language”

rína adj. “garlanded, crowned”

^rína adj. and suf. “scattered”

!rínata- v. “to crown, coronate”

rinca n. “twitch, jerk, sudden move”

rincë (rinci-) n. “flourish, quick stroke, hook”

!rincuma n. “task, charge, mission”

rinda adj. “circular”

rindë n. “circle”

ringa adj. “cold, chilly”

Ringarë n. “December, *Coldness”

ringë (ringi-) n. “cold, *chill”

!ringihauro n. “refrigerator, (lit.) chill cupboard”

!ringincë adj. “cool, coldish”

ringwë n. “cold pool or lake (in mountains)”

^rinqua adj. “revolving, returning, recurrent”

^ripta- v. “to cut in strips, tear up; to stripe, mark in parallel lines; to flay, flog”

!ris- [þ] v. “to attend to, tend, care for, mind”

!rísë [þ] n. “care, attention”

^rísima [þ] adj. “scattered, ubiquitous, universal”

^rísimandë [þ] adv. “passim [Latin]; *scatteredly, here and there, at random”

rista n. “cut”

rista- v. “to cut”

-r(o) suf. “agental suffix”

ro- pref. “uprising, sunrise, east”

ró adv. “the[?] [?next]”

röa n. “dog”

!roccë n. “mare”

rocco n. “horse”

!roccotsë n. “cavalry”

rocindë n. “*debtor”

!rocollë n. “colt”

rohta n. “*debt”

rohtalië n. “*debtors, (lit.) debt people”

roimë n. “hunt, hunting”

roina adj. “ruddy”

roita- v. “to pursue, *chase”

róma n. “loud sound, trumpet-sound, *blare; horn”

romba n. “horn, trumpet”

rómen n. “east, uprising, sunrise”

!Romënórin n. “Roman”

rómenya adj. “eastern”

!romya adj. “loud”

ronda adj. “solid, firm”

!rondarya- v. “to solidify, become solid”

rondo¹ n. “vaulted or arched roof, vaulted hall; cavern”

!rondova adj. “cavernous”

!ronga- v. “to hasten, hurry”

ron(go) adv. “soon”

!ronwa n. “block, solid piece”

ronyo n. “‘chaser’, hound of chase, *hunting dog”

roquen n. “horseman, rider; knight”

rossë n. “(fine) rain; dew; *spray, shower”

!rostaurë n. “rainforest”

!rot- v. “to delve, excavate, dig”

^rotsë n. “pipe, tube”

!rotsenca n. “waistcoat, vest”

!rotta- v. “to bore (a hole or tunnel)”

rotto n. “tunnel, small grot, cave”

rov- v. “to lose”

^rua adj. “steady, still, tranquil”

ruc- v. “to feel fear or horror; *to flee (to)”

rúcima adj. “terrible”

rúcina adj. “confused, shattered, disordered, ruined”

!rúcinon (rúcinond-) n. “breccia, (lit.) ruined stone”

^ruë n. “stillness, *steadiness, tranquility”

ruhta- v. “to terrify”

!ruical(a) n. “firelight”

!ruihandë n. “genius, blazing intellect”

!ruima n. “magma”

ruimen n. “fireplace, hearth”

!ruimenya adj. “fireside, by the fire”

ruina adj. “blazing, fiery”

!ruinalda n. “flame tree, peacock flower, royal poinciana, phoenix flower, flame of the forest, Delonix regia”

ruinë n. “blaze, fire”

rum- v. “to shift, move, heave (of large and heavy things)”

rúna- v. “to free”

runando n. “*redeemer”

runda adj. “smooth, polished; *polite”

runda n. “rough piece of wood”

!rundië n. “smoothness; politeness”

runya adj. “fiery red”

runya n. “slot, footprint”

rúnya n. “red flame”

!runyaril (runyarill-) n. “garnet, (lit.) fiery red radiance”

rusco (ruscu-) n. “fox”

ruscuitë adj. “foxy”

!ruscuromba n. “chanterelle (mushroom)”

rúsë [þ] n. “wrath”

rúsëa [þ] adj. “wrathful”

russa adj. “red-haired”

russë n. “head or pelt of red hair”

!ruv- v. “to burst, rupture”

^rúvina adj. “burst, ruptured”

ruxa adj. “wroth”

ruxa- v. “to crumble”

ruxotompalë n. “Great Bear-dance”

-rya¹ suf. “his, her, its”

-rya² suf. “their (colloquial)”

sá [þ] interj. and adv. “very good, all right, I will, I agree of course, of course I do”

sa¹ pron. and conj. “it (inanimate); that”

sa² pron. “they (3rd pl. inanimate)”

sac- [þ] v. “to close”

^sac- v. “to hurt”

sahta adj. “marred, *hurt”

sahta- [þ] v. “to induce”

^sahta- [þ] v. “to split”

!sahtë n. “scar”

sahtië [þ] n. “pressure or force (to do something against one’s will or conscience)”

!sahyasta- v. “to till”

^saicë n. “hunger”

^saicelë n. “famine”

^saicelëa adj. “famished”

saila adj. “wise”

!sailiendil n. “philosopher”

sainen adv. “*by that (mentioned) means”

^saipo n. “boot”

^saiqua adj. “hungry”

^sairina adj. “magic, *magical”

sairon n. “wizard”

!saita- v. “to teach, *train, (lit.) make wise”

!saitalë n. “education”

!saitar n. “teacher”

^saitya- v. “to starve”

!sála n. “gall, bile”

^salca n. “scythe”

^salca- v. “to mow, scythe, mow down”

^salcessë n. “harvest [product], *produce”

^salcima adj. “ready for cutting, *harvestable”

sal(dë) adv. “*in that (mentioned) way”

!sallë n. “font, writing style, (lit.) writing-manner”

sallo adv. “*thence (previously mentioned)”

sallumë adv. “at that [mentioned] time”

!sallumëa [þ] adj. “regular, of fixed periods of time”

!salpa n. “broth”

salpa- v. “to lick up, sup, sip, take a sup of; to sample”

^salpë n. “sip”

salquë n. “grass”

!salquecápo n. “grasshopper”

!salquecolca n. “manger, (lit.) grass-box”

!salquenor n. “grassland, meadow”

sam- v. “to have”

!sama- [þ] v. “to bar, exclude”

sambë [þ] n. “room, chamber”

!sambesta [þ] n. “flat, apartment”

!sámë [þ] n. “salvation, saving, help”

sámen adv. “*aiming for that (previously mentioned)”

^samin (samind-) n. “silk”

^saminda adj. “silken”

samna¹ [þ] n. “wooden post”

samno [þ] n. “carpenter, wright, builder”

sámo [þ] n. “helper”

^sampa n. “spade, *shovel”

!sampan- v. “to combine”

sampanë n. “combination”

^sampo n. “*cellar, vault”

san conj. and adv. “*then, so, thus”

!san (sam-) [þ] n. “bar, barrier”

sana adj. “that (previously mentioned)”

sana- v. “*to think, reflect”

san(an) adv. “then, at that time mentioned, at that same time”

san(an)dë adv. “to the very degree”

sanar n. “mind, thinker, reflector”

sanar adv. “*on that (mentioned) day”

sanaryas adv. “*on that (mentioned) day”

sanas(së) adv. “*there (previously mentioned)”

!sanasta n. “thinking, reflection, pondering”

!sanastëa adj. “mindful, cognizant, aware of, conscious of”

sanca [þ] adj. “cleft, split”

!sancon (sancond-) [þ] n. “schist, (lit.) split-rock”

sanda [þ] n. “shield”

sanda [þ] adj. “firm, true, abiding”

!sandanasto [þ] n. “turtle, (lit.) shield-being”

sandastan (sandastam-) [þ] n. “shield-barrier”

sandon adv. “*like that (mentioned)”

sanë pron. “that (anaphoric)”

sanga [þ] n. “press, pressure; throng, crowd, pack; tight mass; crowded, packed”

sanga- [þ] v. “to pack tight, compress, press”

!sangapsa n. “sausage, (lit.) compressed meat”

!sangarë n. “oppression”

!sangarëa adj. “oppressive, tyrannical”

sangië n. “necessity, *pressing need or concern”

sanguma [þ] n. “press, *thing that presses”

sanima pron. “such, *of that sort (previously mentioned)”

sanna adv. “*thither (previously mentioned)”

sanomë adv. “there”

santa n. “mode”

!santa- [þ] v. “to decide”

!santenta- v. “to concentrate, focus (the mind)”

!santië [þ] n. “decision”

sanwë n. “thought, an act of thinking”

sanwecenda n. “thought-inspection, thought-reading”

sanwë-latya n. “thought-opening”

!sanwelunga adj. “serious, (lit.) thought-heavy”

!sanwelungië n. “seriousness”

sanwementa n. “thought-sending, mental message”

sanya [þ] adj. “regular, law-abiding, normal”

sanyë [þ] n. “rule, law”

!sanyelóra [þ] adj. “lawless”

!sanyelórië [þ] n. “lawlessness”

!sanyengolmo [þ] n. “lawyer”

!sanyesta [þ-] n. “law [as a scholarly discipline]”

^sap- v. “to dig”

^sappa adj. “hollow, dug-out, excavated”

sapsarra- v. “to keep on rubbing, fray away”

!sapsarrima adj. “boring, tedious”

^sapta n. “(delved) hole, pit; grave”

!sapta- v. “to convince, (lit.) make believe”

sáquet- [þ] v. “I will, to agree (to do); (lit.) to say ‘yes’”

!sáquetië n. “agreement”

sar (sarn-) n. “stone (small)”

!sár (sar-) n. “(incised) mark, notch, tally; (generalized) score (of game or contest)”

^sar-² v. “to mark (i.e. by incision), notch, score; (by later extension) †to write [on]”

sara [þ] n. “stiff dry grass, bent [as a type of grass]”

^sara- [þ] v. “to saw [wood]”

sára adj. “bitter”

!sáralë n. “bitterness”

^saramor (saramór-) n. “*writing-ink”

!sarassë [þ] n. “hassock, footstool”

sarat n. “letter (of the Rúmilian alphabet)”

sarda adj. “hard (*as stone)”

!sardanar (sardanár-) n. “corundum, (lit.) hard sun”

!sardë [þ] n. “straw”

!sárë n. “base (as opposed to acid), bitter thing”

sa-rincë (sa-rinci-) n. “s-hook, hooked stroke in tengwa”

^sarma [þ] n. “saw”

sarmë n. “writing”

sarna adj. “of stone”

sarnë n. “stony place”

sarnië n. “shingle, pebble bank”

!sarnincë n. “pebble”

!sarnomo n. “banker”

!sarnunta [þ] n. “diadem”

saro adv. “therefore, for that reason named, and so”

sáro [þ] n. “saviour”

sarta adj. “steadfast, trusty, loyal”

!sartë (sarti-) n. “note, jot, scribbling, (lit.) a little writing”

!sarya- v. “to stone”

sassë pron. “there (already discussed)”

sat- v. “to set aside, appropriate to a special purpose or owner”

satar n. “trusty follower, loyal companion”

!satarya- v. “to trust, rely on (a person)”

!satta n. “part (of something)”

satwë pron. “the same one (of two), the one (of two) mentioned”

satya adj. “private, separate, not common, excluded”

sau- pref. “very badly”

saucarë n. “doing or making a thing very badly”

saucarya adj. “evil-doing”

!saulengaitë adj. “ill-mannered”

!sauluppo (sauluppu-) n. “cancer (disease)”

saura [þ] adj. “stinking, foul, evil-smelling, putrid; cruel, evil, vile”

sauricumba [þ] adj. “*foul-bellied”

!sauroryat [þ] n. “skunk, (lit.) stink-badger”

sauta- v. “to dislike”

!sauta- [þ-] v. “to stink”

sav- v. “to believe”

sáva n. “juice”

!sávë [þ] n. “stench, stink, reek, foul odor”

!savielóra adj. “unbelieving, belief-less”

!savindo n. “believer”

!sávula adj. “credulous, gullible”

se¹ pron. “he, she, it (animate)”

se¹ pron. “they”

se² prep. “at, in”

se² [þ] pron. “he, she, it, they (other)”

!sel- [þ] v. “to intend, mean, plan”

seldë n. “daughter; child [f.], *girl”

seldo n. “child [m.], *boy”

seler (sell-) [þ] n. “sister”

selma [þ] n. “fixed idea, will”

!selmandur n. “fanatic, (lit.) servant of a fixed idea”

selyë n. “daughter (diminutive)”

sem- pref. “few, little, not many, not much”

seman(an) adv. “seldom, on few occasions”

semanar adv. “*on few days”

semel(dë) adv. “in few ways, in few respects”

semellumë adv. “*a few times”

semendon adv. “*like few”

semenna adv. “*to few places”

semen(n)omë adv. “*in few places”

semessë adv. “*in few places”

semmen adv. “*by few means”

sempa adj. and pron. “very little, few; a small amount, a small quantity”

semparo adv. “*for a few reasons”

semparyas adv. “*on few days”

sempi n. “few (with genitive)”

sempina pron. “of few sorts”

sen pron. “them”

sen- v. “to let loose, free, let go”

!senda [þ] n. “bracket, (lit.) that what cramps, confines”

senda adj. “resting, at peace”

!sendarë n. “sabbath, day of rest”

!sendassë n. “inn, guest-house”

!sendë n. “state”

senta [þ] adj. “short”

!senta- [þ] v. “to shorten”

!sentacenya [þ] adj. “short-sighted”

!sentimeter n. “centimeter”

!senwa [þ] n. “moment, instant”

senwa adj. “usual”

senya¹ adj. “usual, *common, typical”

senya² n. “*my child”

!senyavë adv. “usually”

-ser suf. “friend”

ser- [þ] v. “*to sew”

ser- v. “to rest, repose; to stay, tarry, stop, be for a while, at the moment”

!serca- v. “to bleed”

sercë (serci-) n. “blood”

!sercelumë n. “blood flow, blood circulation”

sercilixa adj. “blood-thirsty”

!serciril (sercirill-) n. “ruby, (lit.) blood-glitter”

^sérë n. “peace, rest, repose”

!sérenca adj. “uneasy, unpeaceful”

serindë [þ] n. “broideress, needlewoman, *seamstress”

!sérinqua adj. “peaceful, full of peace”

^serma [þ] n. “string”

sermë n. “friend (f.)”

sermo n. “friend”

seron n. “friend”

!serrafila adj. “uncanny, (lit.) peace-stealing”

seru- v. “to settle on, sit or lie down, come to rest on”

!seruinon (seruinond-) n. “sedimentary rock, (lit.) settled-rock”

!sesta- v. “to set, (lit.) to make rest (on)”

sí adv. “now”

si¹ pron. “this”

sicil n. “dagger, knife”

sië pron. “here”

sië adv. “thus”

sil- v. “to shine (white)”

silca pron. “*this much, this great”

sil(dë) adv. “so, in this way, like this”

silima n. “crystal substance devised by Fëanor”

sillë adv. “like this”

sillini pron. “so many”

sillo adv. “*hence”

sillumë adv. “*at this time”

silma n. and adj. “crystal (white); silver, shining white”

silmë n. “starlight; silver [light]”

silmë nuquerna n. “s-reversed”

!silmóna n. “nacre, mother-of-pearl, (lit.) pearl-womb”

silo adv. “hence”

!silomë n. and adv. “tonight”

^silta n. “sieve”

^silta- v. “to sift, sort out, winnow”

^siltina adj. “winnowed”

silumë adv. “now, at this time, *present”

!silúmëa adj. “current, contemporary, modern”

!silussë n. “present tense, (lit.) here-and-now-tense”

síma n. “imagination, mind”

símen¹ adv. “here”

símen² adv. “*aiming at this”

simo pron. “*this person”

^simpa [þ] n. “pipe, flute, flageolet”

^simpetar [þ] n. “piper, *fluter”

^simpisë [þ] n. “piping, whistling”

sin¹ adv. “*thus”

sina adj. and pron. “this”

sinan adv. “now, at present”

!sinanwa adj. “present, in a particular place, existing or occurring now”

!sinanwië n. “presence”

!sinapio n. “mustard”

sinárëa pron. “*this old, this long lasting”

sinaryas adv. “today, this very day”

sinca n. and adj. “flint; *flinty”

sincahonda adj. “flint-hearted”

^sincë (sinci-) n. “mineral [as in any solid inorganic substance]”

sinda [þ] adj. “grey”

Sindarin [þ] n. “Grey-elven”

sindë (sindi-) [þ] adj. “grey, pale or silvery grey, pale”

sin(dë) adv. “so, so much”

Sindel (Sindeld-) [þ] n. “Grey-elf”

sindië [þ] n. “greyness”

sindon adv. “like this”

sinë pron. “this (by me)”

sinen adv. “by this means, so”

sínen adv. “*by this means”

^singë (singi-) n. “salt”

^singwa adj. “salt, *salty”

!sinilë n. “topaz”

sinima pron. “*of this sort”

sinis(së) adv. “*here”

sinna adv. “*hither”

sinní pron. “I here”

sinomë adv. “here, (lit.) in this place”

sinta- [þ] v. “to fade, *(lit.) become grey”

sintamo n. “smith”

^sintë (sinti-) n. “esteem; estimate, computation”

!sínu- v. “to realise, (lit.) start to know”

sinwa adj. “known, certain, ascertained”

sinya adj. “new, *current”

!sinyar n. “news”

!sinyarna n. “novel”

sinyë [þ] n. “evening”

!sinyemat [þ] n. “dinner, evening meal”

^sip- [þ] v. “to pipe”

^siqu- v. “to sigh”

^siquilë n. “sighing”

^siquilissë n. “weeping willow”

sir- v. “to flow”

sir(a) adv. “hither”

síra n. and adv. “*today, this day”

sír(ë) (síri-) n. “river”

sirëa adj. “flowing, liquid”

siril n. “rivulet”

!sirista- [þ] v. “to apply make-up to”

!sirma n. “liquid, (lit.) flowing substance”

siro adv. “*for this reason”

^sirpë [þ] n. “stalk, slender tube”

!(sir)ritwa [þ] n. “make-up, (lit.) substance for adding finishing touches”

!sirruima n. “lava”

sirya- v. “to flow [smoothly]”

^sis- [þiþ-] v. “to scorch, singe, fry”

sisíla- v. “to shine (frequentative)”

^sisin [þ-] adj. “parched, scorched”

sissë adv. “here”

^sistë (sisti-) n. “ulcer, sore, boil”

^sistina adj. “ulcerated, sore”

!síta- v. “to introduce, (lit.) make to know”

sítë adj. “of this sort”

^sitina adj. “habitual, customary, accustomed, usual, ordinary, common”

^sito (situ-) n. “custom, habit”

^sitta- v. “I am used to, I do habitually”

^situ- v. “to be accustomed [to]”

!sitwa [þ] n. “pan, fryer”

sitwë pron. “*these (of two)”

siulë n. “incitement”

!siuta- v. “to encourage”

sívë¹ prep. “*as”

sívë³ n. “knowing, knowledge”

söa n. “filth”

^sohta- v. “to give to drink, drench”

soica adj. “thirsty”

!soicië n. “thirst”

^sóla n. “tide”

!solba n. “coral, (lit.) tide-branch”

solma² n. “[main or entry] hall, chamber”

solor n. “surf, surge”

^solta- v. “to wave, heave, surge (up and down)”

!sónanwa n. “water basin”

songa n. “mouth (interior cavity behind the teeth containing the tongue)”

!sono [þ] n. “pine”

!sononel (sononelm-) [þ] n. “pine-needle”

!sor- v. “to provide, equip, furnish”

sorasta n. “equipment”

!sorastarwa adj. “furnished, equipped”

sorna [þ] adj. “steadfast”

^sornion [þ] n. “eyrie”

soron (sorn-) [þ] n. “eagle”

!soroncë [þ] n. “kite, (lit.) little eagle”

!sortöa [þ] n. “aloe, (lit.) eaglewood”

^sorya- [þ-] v. “to dread, feel fear”

^sossë [þ-] n. “fear”

!sossëa [þ-] adj. “fearful, afraid”

^sosta- [þ-] v. “to put to fright, terrify”

!sótë n. “refuge”

!sotto n. “lap, (lit.) protected space”

^sov- v. “*to bathe”

^sovalda- v. “to cleanse, purify”

^sovallë n. “washing, bathing, purification”

^sovalwa adj. “cleansing, *purifying”

!sovamorco n. “raccoon, (lit.) wash-bear”

-s(sa) suf. “3rd person singular neuter”

-s(së) suf. “he, she, it; him, her, it”

-ssë¹ suf. “locative ending”

-ssë² suf. “abstract noun”

-sta¹ suf. “*part; close grouping”

-sta² suf. “verbal noun suffix”

-sta³ suf. “*his, her, its (other)”

-sta³ suf. “your (dual)”

-sta⁴ suf. “*their (other)”

-stë¹ suf. “you (dual)”

-stir suf. “face”

sú n. “sound of wind, noise of wind”

suc- v. “to drink [rapidly], *gulp, quaff”

^súcë [þ] n. “resinous tree, pine or fir”

^sucul [þ] n. “sticky matter, slime”

!suhta- v. “to drain”

^suhtë (suhti-) n. “resin, gum”

^suhtina adj. “resinous”

suhto n. “draught, *a single act of drinking”

!suila- v. “to greet”

!suilanta- v. “to give greeting”

!suilië n. “greeting”

^suiva adj. “soughing, moaning [of wind]”

sulca n. “root (especially as edible)”

súlë [þ] n. “breath; (movement of) spirit, emission of power (of will or desire)”

!súlendil n. “kite, (lit.) friend of the wind”

Súlimë [þ] n. “March, *Windy-one”

súlo (*súlu-) n. “goblet”

^sulpa n. “soup”

sulpa- v. “to lap up, drink greedily”

súma n. “hollow cavity, bosom”

^sumba- v. “to submerge”

!sumbanwa n. “sink (for washing)”

!súna- [þ] v. “to be spiritually affected, inspired”

!súnalë [þ] n. “inspiration”

!sunca [þ] n. “cone (of a tree, as in pine cone)”

!sundë n. “element, ingredient, a basic component”

sundo [þ] n. “base, root, root-word”

!sundoharmar n. “capital [funds], (lit.) base treasures”

sundóma [þ] n. “determinant vowel, root-vowel, vocalic determinant”

!sundon (sundond-) n. “bedrock, (lit.) base-rock”

sunduláma n. “fundamental sound”

^súnë n. “bath, small pool”

sur- [þ] v. “*to seek”

súrë (súri-) n. “wind, breeze”

surië [þ] n. “*(an act of) seeking”

!súriellë n. “windflower, anemone”

súriquessë n. “species of grass, (lit.) wind feather”

surya n. “spirant consonant”

surya- [þ] v. “to blow (intr.)”

!surya- v. “to hiss”

^súsa [súþa] n. “bath water, hot water”

sussë [þ-] n. “puff (of air)”

susta- [þ] v. “to blow (tr.)”

!sustar(o) [þ] n. “bellows, device for blowing or pushing air in a forge, (lit.) blower”

súta- v. “to be the matter with”

^suv- v. “to sink (esp. in water)”

súya- [þ] v. “to breathe”

!súyel n. “niece”

^súyon n. “nephew”

-t¹ suf. “dual ending”

-t² suf. “they (object suffix)”

-ta suf. “causative verb suffix”

tá adv. “then, at that time (past now)”

tá adv. “then”

ta¹ pron. “that, there”

ta³ adv. and conj. “so, like that, also; and also, then; etcetera”

tac- v. “to fasten, fix”

tai¹ pron. “them (inanimate)”

tailë n. “lengthening, extension”

taima n. “extension”

taina¹ adj. “stretched, elongated; lengthened, extended, prolonged”

tainen adv. “by that means”

taita- v. “to prolong, *lengthen”

taitë adj. “of that sort”

tal adv. “downwards”

tál (tal-) n. “foot; bottom, lowest part”

^talaitë (talaiti-) adj. “footed”

talan (talam-) n. “flat space, platform; floor”

!talasta n. “ruin, remains of a destroyed construction”

talat n. “sheet”

!talatya- v. “refute, (lit.) make (it) collapse”

talca n. “post, mark”

talca pron. “*that much, that great”

tal(da) adv. “to the bottom”

tal(dë) adv. “so, thus, like that”

!taldëa adj. “bottom”

!talhotsë n. “infantry; (lit.) foot-troop”

tallë adv. “like that”

!tallimë (tallimi-) n. “ankle, (lit.) foot-link”

tallini pron. “that many”

tallo adv. “*thence”

tallumë adv. “at that date/time”

tallunë n. “sole of foot”

talma¹ n. “basis, foundation, base”

!talmacasta adj. “upside down, *topsy-turvy, head over foot”

!talmata- v. “to base (on), found”

!talmondo n. “foundation stone”

talo adv. “thence”

!talquen n. “foot-soldier; (lit.) foot-person”

talta adj. “tottering, unsteady, shaky, wobbling; sloping, tilted, leaning, slanting”

talta- v. “to slip, slide down, collapse, fall, slip down”

talta-² v. “to mean”

talta² n. “incline”

taltë adv. “down, at the bottom”

taltil (taltill-) n. “toe, *(lit.) foot-tip”

taltol n. “big toe”

talumë adv. “at that time”

tam- v. “to tap”

tama pron. “that matter”

!tamala adv. “by the way, (lit.) beyond that matter”

taman n. “thing made by handicraft”

tamba- v. “to knock, keep on knocking”

tambaro n. “woodpecker, (lit.) knocker”

tambë (tambi-) n. “pot”

tambë prep. “*as, so”

^tambë (tambi-) n. “bronze”

^tambin (tambind-) n. “cauldron”

^tambina adj. “of bronze”

támen adv. “*aiming at that”

^tamin n. “forge”

tamma n. “tool”

!tammen n. “workshop, (lit.) manufacturing room”

tamna adj. and n. “artificial; artifact”

tamo¹ n. “smith, builder, wright, artificer”

tamo² pron. “*that person”

tampa n. “stopper”

^tampo n. “well”

^tamuril n. “yew”

tana adj. and pron. “that”

tana- v. “to show, indicate”

tanan adv. “then, at that time (past now)”

!tanar n. “indicator, [linguistics] demonstrative”

tanárëa pron. “*that old, that long lasting”

tanar(yas) adv. “*on that (past) day”

tanas(së) adv. “*there”

!tanastë n. “presentation”

^tanca n. “fastening, rivet”

tanca adj. “firm, fixed, sure”

tancal(a) n. “brooch”

tancarya- v. “*to become firm”

tancata- v. “to make firm, fix, confirm”

!tancavë adv. “certainly”

tan(dë) adv. “that much, so”

tandon adv. “like that”

tanë pron. “that”

tanen adv. “in that way”

tangwa n. “hasp, clasp, *fastener”

tanicca pron. “*that small”

tanima pron. “*of that sort”

taniquelassë n. “*high-white-leaf”

tanna¹ n. “sign, token”

tanna² adv. “thither”

tannomen(na) adv. “*to that place”

tanomë adv. “there, (lit.) in the place (referred to)”

^tanta- v. “to bounce, bound, rebound; to swing (intr.), sway, dandle, wave”

^tantal n. “shuttle”

^tantara adj. “bouncing, resilient”

!tantya- v. “to swing (trans.), set bouncing”

tanwë n. “craft, thing made, device, construction”

tap- v. “to stop, block”

tapta adj. “impeded”

-tar suf. “honorific”

tar n. “honorific, sir, madam”

†tár n. “king, lord”

tar-¹ affix. “high; king or queen (in compounds)”

tar-² v. “to stand”

tar(a) adv. “thither”

tára¹ adj. “lofty, tall, high”

!taranna n. “shire, county”

!tararan n. “emperor, (lit.) high-king”

taras n. “great towering building (fort/city/castle), tower”

!tarasta- v. “to harass, trouble”

!tarastar n. “highlands”

!tarastië n. “trouble”

tarca n. “horn [of animals]”

!tarcombë n. “court, (lit.) high-assembly”

tárë adv. “*that day”

tarhanwa n. “throne, (lit.) high seat”

tári n. “queen”

tárië n. “height”

Tárion n. “alternate name of the last day of the Eldarin six-day week”

táris(së) n. “queenship”

tarma n. “pillar”

!tarmë n. “state, status, condition”

!tarmen n. “vertical direction”

!tarmenya adj. “vertical”

tarminas n. “great towering building (fort/city/castle), tower”

!tarmon (tarmond-) n. “basalt, (lit.) pillar-rock”

taro adv. “*for that reason”

!tarolwen n. “sceptre, (lit.) royal branch”

^tarqua- v. “to dry, preserve; to pickle”

^tarquin(a) n. and adj. “salt meat; salted, dried, *(orig.) preserved”

!tarta- n. “to stand (tr.), make stand; to attend (+ reflexive and locative)”

^tarwa n. “garden, enclosure”

!tarwandur n. “gardener”

^tarwë n. “cross, crucifix”

^tarwesta- v. “to crucify”

tarya adj. “tough, stiff”

!taryalangova adj. “stiff-necked, obstinate”

!taryalangwa adj. “obstinate, stiff-necked”

!taryassë n. “stiffness, toughness, difficulty”

tasar(ë) (tasari-) [þ] n. “willow”

tassa n. “index finger”

tassë adv. “there”

^tastë n. “fringe”

!tatalta- v. “to totter, keep on slipping”

tatwa adj. “*that (of two)”

tatwë pron. “that other one (pointing)”

†tatya num. ord. “second”

tatya- v. “to double, repeat”

tauca adj. “stiff, wooden”

!taucolca n. “(wooden) chest”

taura adj. “(very) mighty, masterful; vast, of unmeasured might or size”

taurë n. “forest, (great) wood”

taurëa adj. “forested”

tautamo n. “carpenter, [wood] carver”

tav- v. “*to endure”

táva n. “great tree”

tavaril n. “dryad, spirit of woods (f.)”

tavaron n. “dryad, spirit of woods (m.)”

^tavas (tavast-) n. “woodland”

taxë n. “nail”

te pron. “him, her, it”

te pron. “them”

tëa n. “straight line”

tëa- v. “to indicate”

!tëalë n. “meaning”

!tëangolmë n. “semantics”

tec- v. “to write”

!teccelma n. “scroll, parchment, (lit.) writing-skin”

tecco n. “stroke (of pen or brush), accent [´]”

!tecemma n. “drawn image, drawing, painting”

tecil n. “pen”

!tecindo n. “writer”

tehta n. “(written) mark, sign, symbol, diacritic, †written letter”

^tehtalë n. “art of writing, script; writings, documents, papers, scriptures”

^tel (teld-) n. “end”

tel- v. “to end, finish (intr.)”

telco (?telcu-) n. “leg; stem”

!telcohan (telcohamp-) n. “trousers, pants, (lit.) leg-clothing”

telconta- v. “to stride, *(lit.) to leg it”

telda adj. “last, final”

!teldavë adv. “finally”

telemna adj. “*of silver”

telepta adj. “silver, *silver-coloured”

^telima adj. “final”

tella adj. “hindmost, last”

tellë n. “rear”

telluma n. “dome, cupola, vault”

!tellúmë n. “deadline, (lit.) finish-time”

telma n. “conclusion, anything used to finish off a work or affair; ending”

telmë n. “hood, covering”

^telmëa adj. “conclusive”

telpë n. “silver; money”

!telpetan n. “silversmith”

!telpevistando n. “money-changer”

^telpilin n. “silver piece, *silver coin”

telpina adj. “like silver (in hue or worth), of silver”

^telpingwë n. “silverfish”

telta- v. “to canopy, overshadow, screen”

telu adj. “last”

^telumbë n. “mushroom”

telumë n. “roof, canopy, vault, dome (of heaven); heaven, sky, firmament”

telumet (telumett-) n. “canopy”

^telusta adj. “outer, extreme, ultimate”

^telustë n. “extremity”

^telwa adj. “late”

telya- v. “to finish, wind up, conclude (trans.)”

^telyanta- v. “to allure, *attract”

^telyantalya adj. “alluring, attractive”

^telyantassë n. “allurement, attraction”

téma n. “series, row, line”

ten conj. “for”

^tenca n. “letter (epistola)”

tencelë n. “writing (system), spelling”

!tengessë n. “address, (lit.) indication-name”

tengwa n. “(written) letter; sign, token, indicator”

tengwa- v. “to read written matter”

tengwacilmë n. “spelling”

!tengwalóra adj. “unlettered”

tengwassë n. “alphabet”

tengwë n. “sign, token, indication; writing”

!tengwelanga n. “transcription”

!tengwelanga- v. “to transcribe”

tengwelë n. “language (general term)”

tengwesta n. “grammar, morphology, system or code of signs, collection of matter concerning writing, *language structure”

tengwestië n. “language [as a concept]”

tengwië n. “reading; language (*signing)”

tenna¹ prep. “until, up to, as far as, to the point, to reach”

tenna³ n. “thought, notion, idea”

tennoio adv. “forever[more]”

tensi adv. “already, still, up to now/here; yet [from present]”

tenta adv. “still, yet [past], *up until then”

tenta- v. “to point (to/out), indicate; to direct toward, be directed toward; to go forth towards (with object)”

!tentaparma n. “recipe book, instruction book”

!tenwa n. “compass”

ter prep. “through”

^ter- v. “to pierce”

téra adj. “straight, right, *correct”

!térata- v. “to straighten”

!tératië n. “correction, (lit.) straightening”

tercáno n. “herald”

!tercara adj. “thorough, elaborate, comprehensive”

tercen n. “insight, *(lit.) through-sight”

tercenya adj. “of insight, *perceptive”

teren adj. “slender; lissom, lithe”

^terendel n. “lathe”

^teret (tereht-) n. “auger, borer, gimlet”

tereva adj. “fine, acute, *keen; sharp, piercing, shrill [of sound]; acute (pain)”

terhat- v. “to break apart”

^terma n. “passage, aperture”

termar- v. “to stand, *endure, last, (lit.) through-abide”

terra n. “fine pierced hole”

!tervanta- v. “to traverse”

!terwa n. “chip, (flat) flake”

^tesar n. “brick, tile”

^tev- v. “to hate, dislike”

^tevië n. “hatred, dislike”

^tevin adj. “hated”

!tevinqua adj. “hateful”

tha pron. “*it (other)”

†thë pron. “him, her, it (other)”

†thi pron. “they (other)”

thu pron. “them (dual other)”

tí pron. “them”

ti¹ pron. “they”

ti² pron. “*there by you”

!ticin n. “beetle, (lit.) crawler”

!ticulimya- v. “to solder, (lit.) melt-join”

!ticuta- v. “to smelt, (orig.) make melt”

tië n. “path, road, way, line, course, direction, route”

tier prep. “*so”

tihta- v. “to blink, peer”

!tihtë n. “glimpse”

til(dë) adv. “like [that by] you”

tildë n. “fine sharp point, spike; (mountain) horn, tip, peak”

tillë n. “tip, point; [within compounds] finger, toe; eyelash”

!tillimya- v. “to weld, (lit.) spark-join”

tillo adv. “*thence (by you)”

^timbarë n. “forehead”

tin- v. “to spark, glitter, glint, gleam, shine as a star”

tina adj. and pron. “this (of yours); this fact (by you)”

tinco n. “metal”

!tincoina adj. “metallic”

!tincostimë n. “alloy, (lit.) blend of metal(s)”

tincotéma n. “t-series”

tinda adj. “glinting (silver)”

tindë n. “glint”

tindómë n. “(starry) twilight, time near dawn, starlit dusk”

tinë pron. “that by you”

tínen adv. “*by this means”

tinga- v. “to twang, *to ping”

tingë n. “twang”

tingilya n. “twinkling star”

tinna adv. “*thither (by you)”

tinta- v. “to kindle, cause to spark, make to spark”

tintila- v. “to twinkle, sparkle, glitter, give tremulous light, †tremble”

^tintilië n. “sparkling, twinkling”

tinwë n. “spark, [apparent] star”

!tinwerúmë n. “starling, (lit.) abundance of stars”

!tinwírë n. “diamond, (lit.) sparkling gem”

^tiqu- v. “to melt, thaw”

!tiquas (tiquaps-) n. “crucible, (lit.) melt-vessel”

^tiquilë n. “melting, thawing, thaw”

^tiquilin n. “thaw, melting snow, slush”

^tiquilindëa adj. “thawing, slushy”

tir- v. “to watch (over), guard, heed; to look (at), gaze, observe”

!tírelë n. “watchfulness, anxiety”

!tírelëa adj. “anxious”

tirila adj. “watching (something)”

tírima adj. “able to be watched, observable”

tirion n. “watch-tower, tower, (great or mighty) tower”

^tiris (tiriss-) n. “watch, vigil, ward”

^tirista n. “*watch, guard”

tirítë (tiríti-) adj. “watchful, vigilant”

!tirma n. “spyglass”

^tirmë n. “steadfast regard, stare, *gaze”

!tirmen n. “theater, observatory”

tirmo n. “watcher”

^titinwë n. “small star, sparkle of dew, *small sparkling thing”

titsë (tits-) n. “kitten”

titta adj. “tiny, little”

^tittë n. “breast [of a woman]”

tiuca adj. “thick, fat”

!tiucata- v. “to fatten, to feed up”

tiuco n. “thigh”

^tiura adj. “compact”

^tiuta- v. “to corroborate, confirm; to comfort, console, *(orig.) to make firm”

^tiutaila adj. “comforting, consoling, easing”

^tiutalë n. “confirmation; comfort, consolation, easement”

tiuya- v. “to swell, grow fat”

!tixa- v. “to crawl”

tixë n. “dot, tiny mark, point”

!tixipi n. “ladybug, (lit.) insect of [many] dots”

to prep. “on, above; in”

to prep. “in”

tó n. “wool”

töa adj. “of wool, woollen”

töa n. “wood (as material)”

^töallë n. “blanket”

!töasta n. “grove”

!töatolbo n. “wood stump, chopping block (for firewood)”

^toc-¹ v. “to appraise, tax, assess, assay”

!toc-² v. “to click / tick / beep, tick, to make a short, non-resonant sound”

^tocot n. “cock, *rooster”

toi pron. “they”

toina adj. “wood, *wooden, made of wood”

tolbo n. “big toe; stump, stub”

toldëa num. ord. “eighth”

toldo num. card. “eight”

^toli n. “doll, puppet”

^tolipincë n. “little doll”

tollë¹ n. “island, (steep) isle”

!tollesta n. “archipelago”

!tolloquen n. “islander”

tolma n. “knob, (short rounded) handle, protuberance contrived to serve a purpose”

^tolmen (tolment-) n. “boss (of shield), isolated round hill”

to(lo)sta fraction. “one eighth”

^tolpo n. “bowl”

!tolquain num. card. “eighty”

^tolquë num. card. “eighteen”

tolu- v. “to stand up, get up, leave one’s seat”

tolya adj. “prominent”

tolyo n. “sticker-up”

^tombo n. “gong”

^tompa n. “(small) drum”

^tompa- v. “to bang, *drum”

^tompo-tompo n. “noise of drums (or guns)”

!tomya- v. “to resonate (of shorter sounds)”

ton- v. “to tap, knock”

^tontilla n. “cymbal, *tambourine”

tópa n. “roof”

tópa- v. “to roof”

!Torco n. “Troll”

torna adj. “hard”

tornanga adj. and n. “iron hard; hard-iron, *steel”

toron (torn-) n. “brother”

!tótal n. “sock, (lit.) wool-foot”

!totonna- v. “to type (on computer/phone)”

!-tta suf. “their (dual)”

-ttë¹ suf. “they (dual)”

tu pron. “them (dual)”

tuc- v. “to draw, *pull (toward)”

!tuccolca n. “drawer”

!tucië n. “drawing, pulling”

^tuë n. “fleece”

tuia- v. “to sprout, spring”

tuilë n. “spring, spring-time”

tuilérë n. “*spring-day”

tuilindo n. “swallow, (lit.) spring-singer”

tuilu- v. “to bud, open (of flowers and leaves)”

tuima n. “sprout, bud”

^tuista n. “twig, shoot”

tul- v. “to come”

^tulca- v. “to set up, establish, *found”

tulca adj. “firm, immovable, steadfast; strong”

tulco (*tulcu-) n. “support, prop”

!tulla n. “rudder”

!tullu- v. “to occur, happen (i.e. come in time)”

tulma n. “event”

tulta- v. “to send (from point of view of receiver), to send for, send hither, fetch, summon, (lit.) cause to come”

tultaima adj. “*fetchable, summonable”

!tuluhta- v. “to support, prop (up), uphold”

^tuluitë adj. “*able to come”

tulumaitë adj. “likely to come, probable (of future events)”

!tulumaitië adv. “probably”

tulurya adj. “future, coming”

!tulussë n. “future tense, (lit.) coming tense”

tulusta n. “advent, arrival”

tulya- v. “*to lead; to fetch; to bring”

!tulyaima adj. “bringable, able to be brought”

!tulyaitë adj. “able to bring”

tulyandë n. “[process of] fetching”

tumba adj. “deep, lowlying”

^tumba- v. “to cast down (into depths); *to dive; (orig.) to go or cause to go deep, endeepen”

tumbalë n. “depth, deep valley”

tumbo (tumbu-) n. “deep vale, valley, dale”

tumna adj. “lowlying, low; deep, profound”

tumpo n. “hump, lump”

^tumpo n. “shed, barn”

!tumya- v. “to dip, baptize”

!tumyando n. “baptizer”

tunda adj. “tall”

^tundo n. “firewood, fuel”

tundo¹ (tundu-) n. “hill, mound [isolated]”

tunga adj. “taut, tight; resonant (of strings)”

!tungwë n. “tax”

!tungwemen n. “tax-office”

!tungwemo n. “tax-collector”

^tunta- v. “to notice, perceive”

!tuntaitë adj. “bright, witty, smart; *perceptive”

!tuntë n. “sense (one of the five)”

^tunto n. “notice, regard, perception; quickness of perception, wit”

tuo n. “muscle, sinew; vigour, physical strength”

!tuorva n. “peach, (lit.) wool-apple”

tup- v. “to cover, put a lid on, put hat on”

!tupattal n. “horse-boot”

^túpelë n. “roofing, tiles”

^tupin adj. “roofed, having a lid, having hat on”

!tupina adj. “covered”

^túpo n. “cover, lid”

tupsë n. “thatch”

-tur suf. “master, lord, ruler”

tur- v. “to master, conquer, dominate, win; to control, govern, *rule”

túra adj. “great”

turca adj. “strong, powerful (in body)”

turco¹ n. “chief”

turco² n. “*stronghold”

túrë n. “mastery, victory; might, strength, power”

túrëa adj. “mighty, masterful, *having political power”

túrin n. “lord”

turindo n. “purposeful mind, strong will”

turindura adj. “done necessarily”

^túrion (túriond-) n. “palace, court”

turma n. “shield”

!turmë n. “governing power, strength”

turmen n. “realm”

turo n. “master, victor, lord”

!túro n. “guy, dude, bloke, fellow”

turu- v. “to defeat, have victory over, master”

turut (turuc-) n. “tree-stem, *tree-trunk”

!turutyalmë n. “contest, competition”

^turwa adj. “powerful [in a general sense]”

turya- v. “to strengthen”

turyandë n. “fortification, strengthening”

turyanwa adj. “fortified, *strengthened”

tussa n. “bush”

^tusturë n. “tinder, chips”

^tusturin (tusturind-) n. “match”

tutulla- v. “to keep on coming (and going)”

!tútyalië n. “sport, (lit.) strength play”

tuv- v. “to find, discover”

túvima adj. “discoverable”

tuvu- v. “to take, require, cost”

^tuxa num. card. “hundred”

^tuxainen num. card. “thousand”

^tuxainenëa num. ord. “thousandth”

!tuxantur n. “centurion”

!tuxasta fraction. “one hundredth, *one percent”

!tuxatalya n. “centipede”

-tya suf. “*your (familiar)”

-tya¹ suf. “your (familiar)”

tyal- v. “to play”

tyalangan (*tyalangand-) n. “harp-player”

tyalië n. “mirth, play, game, sport”

!tyalindo n. “player”

!tyallas (tyalass-) n. “(playing) card”

!tyalma n. “toy, plaything”

!tyalmë n. “game”

tyar- v. “to cause”

!tyaraitë (tyaraiti-) adj. “effective, productive, effectual, efficacious”

!tyarda n. “result, *effect”

tyaro n. “doer, actor, agent”

!tyarwë n. “reason”

^tyas- [þ] v. “to test, try [out], pick, choose”

^tyasta- v. “to (put to the) test, *verify”

!tyastaima adj. “testable”

tyatyamba- v. “*to keep on tasting”

^tyausta n. “savour, flavour”

tyav- v. “to taste; (impersonal) to taste of, reminds one of”

^tyavasta n. “sense of taste”

tyávë n. “*taste”

!tyávelassë n. “spice, (lit.) taste-leaf”

tyaz- v. “to like”

-tyë suf. “you (familiar)”

tye pron. “you (familiar), thee”

tyelca adj. “hasty; agile, swift”

tyellë n. “grade, step (in a stairway or ladder)”

!tyellesta n. “staircase”

†tyelpë (tyelep-) n. “silver”

tyelpetéma n. “palatal series”

!Tyena n. “China”

!tyenya n. “yours (familiar)”

!tyet- v. “to suckle, nurse”

!tyéta- v. “to address somebody informally using tye”

^tyetsë n. “teat, *nipple”

!tyocolat n. “chocolate”

^tyos (tyoss-) n. “cough”

^tyosta- v. “to cough”

^tyuc- v. “to chew”

!tyucu-sucu [þ] n. “chewing gum”

tyulma n. “mast”

^tyulta- v. “to rear up, stick up”

tyulussë n. “poplar-tree”

^tyur- v. “to curdle (blood, milk, etc.), *congeal”

^tyurda adj. “curdled”

^tyurmë n. “cheese”

^tyustyuhta- v. “to chew the cud; to reflect, reminisce”

^tyuxë n. “cud”

-u suf. “dual ending”

ú- pref. “no, not, un-, in-; hard, difficult, bad, uneasy; hardly, with difficulty, ‘badly’”

ú¹ prep. and adv. “without, destitute of”

ú² particle. “not”

úcalima adj. “dim, murky, *not bright”

úcar- v. “*to trespass, do wrong, sin”

úcarë n. “*sin, debt, trespass”

úcárima adj. “*undoable, unmakeable”

!úcarindë n. “sinner (f.)”

úcarindo n. “*sinner”

úcarnë adj. “not red”

!úcarunqua adj. “sinful”

!úcénima adj. “invisible”

!ucésima adj. “unsearchable”

!úcim- v. “disregard”

!úfailië n. “unrighteousness”

úfantima adj. “not concealable”

úfanwëa adj. “not veiled, unveiled”

ufárëa adj. “not enough”

!úhandë n. “unreason, incomprehension”

!úhandëa adj. “witless”

uhta- v. “to dislike, feel disgust with, avoid as painful or nasty”

!uhtessë n. “öknamn, a name given as an insult, usually for a disdained person”

!úhwalda adj. “unwashed”

ui interj. “no, it is n[ot]”

ui- v. “to not be, to not do”

uilë n. “long trailing plant”

uito interj. “it is not that”

ul- v. “to rain”

-ula suf. “likelihood or aptitude”

!úlaita- v. “to dishonour”

!úlaitima adj. “disgraceful, dishonourable”

!úlanwa n. and adj. “infinity, infinite”

ulca adj. “evil; dark, gloomy, sinister; bad, wicked, wrong”

!ulcarindo n. “evil-doer”

ulco (ulcu-) n. “evil”

!ulculóra adj. “without evil”

úlëa adj. “pouring, flooding, flowing”

!úlévima adj. “paralyzed”

^ulma n. “flagon, *pitcher”

ulo (*ulu-) n. “rain”

!ulquet- v. “to accuse”

!ulquetië n. “accusation”

!ulquéto n. “accuser”

ululla- v. “to keep on pouring”

úlumë adv. “ever, at all times (in a series or period)”

^ulumpë n. “camel”

^ulumpembë n. “caterpillar, (lit.) camel worm”

!ulunda adj. “monstrous”

ulundë n. “flood, *downpour”

!ulundië n. “monstrosity”

ulundo n. “monster, deformed and hideous creature”

!ulussë n. “monsoon, (lit.) rain-ness, rainy one”

!ulutelmë n. “umbrella, rainshade”

!ulva n. “eclipse, darkening”

ulya- v. “to pour”

-(u)ma suf. “some, a, a certain”

uma adj. and pron. “some (when the identity is unknown); something or other”

uma- pref. “some, a, a certain”

úma- v. “to teem”

úmahta(lë) n. “nuisance”

umainen adv. “*by some means”

úmaitë adj. “clumsy(-handed), unskilled”

umalca pron. “*an unknown quantity”

umaldë adv. “somehow”

umallo adv. “*from somewhere”

umallumë adv. “some time”

umámen adv. “*aiming at something”

uman adv. “at one time”

uman(an) adv. “sometime, at some time”

umanar adv. “some day”

um(an)aryas adv. “in a certain day”

uman(dë) adv. “somewhat”

umandon adv. “*like something”

umanë pron. “someone, somebody”

umanima pron. “of some kind”

umanna adv. “*to somewhere”

umanomë adv. “*in some place”

úmara adj. “bad, ill-used, evil, sinister”

úmárë n. “not good = evil”

umaro adv. “*for some reason”

umas(së) adv. “*somewhere”

umba n. “swarm”

umbar (umbart-) n. “fate, doom, curse”

!umbarwa adj. “fateful”

umbë n. “imminence, threat; premonition, fear, unwelcome expectation”

!umberóma n. “alarm, siren, (lit.) threat-trumpeting”

umbo(n) n. “lump, clump, mass”

-úmë suf. “[large], of quantity”

úmë n. “great collection or crowd of things of the same sort; abundance”

úmëa adj. “abundant, swarming, teeming”

†-umnë suf. “future-past”

un-/um- pref. “intensive prefix with evil sense”

úna¹ adj. “deprived of, destitute, forlorn”

úna² ? “*it is not”

únat n. “thing impossible to be or to be done”

unca- v. “to hollow out”

!unco (uncu-) n. “jar”

!unda adj. “lower, beneath”

!undalasar (undalasarn-) n. “stalactite, (lit.) down-growing stone”

!undë adv. “less”

!undo adj. and pron. “less”

undómë n. “twilight, time near evening”

undu prep. and adv. “down, under, beneath”

undulav- v. “to swallow, *engulf; (lit.) lick down”

undumë n. “abyss”

únehta n. “*atom”

^ungol n. “(monstrous) spider”

ungwalë n. “torture”

ungwë n. “spider’s web”

!únomë pron. “nowhere”

únotë(a) adj. “not counted, uncounted”

únótima adj. “numberless, innumerable, countless, difficult/impossible to count”

unqua adj. “hollow”

unqualë n. “death agony, torment, agony, death”

unquë n. “hollow, cavity, hole”

unta- v. “to descend [below a surface], *sink, stoop”

untup- v. “to cover (over or up), (lit.) to cover down”

!únut- v. “to untie”

!unutengw(i)ë n. “subtitle(s)”

unutixë n. “dot or point placed below the line of writing”

únyárima adj. “impossible to recount”

^uo adv. “together”

!uomë n. “community”

úpa adj. “dumb [unable to speak]”

úpahtëa adj. “speechless”

!úpartalë n. “unorder, *disorder”

!úperima adj. “indivisible”

!úpoica adj. “unclean”

!ú pusto adv. “immediately, at once, (lit.) without pause”

úquétima adj. “unspeakable, impossible to say or put into words, unpronounceable”

úr n. “fire”

úra¹ adj. “nasty”

úra² adj. “torrid, sultry, unpleasantly hot”

urco (urcu-) n. “bogey, orc”

urda adj. “difficult, arduous, hard”

úrë (*úri-) n. “heat”

Úrimë n. “August, *Hot-one”

^úrin adj. “(blazing) hot”

!úrisen (úrisend-) n. “temperature, (lit.) heat-state”

^urna n. “oven”

úro n. “*evil, nastiness”

!urpalda n. “stove plate”

urra adj. “bad”

!urruxa adj. “livid, furious, enraged, incensed, (lit.) hot-wroth”

ursa [þ] n. “rage”

ursa- [þ] v. “to rage”

^urta- v. “to burn”

ur(u)- pref. “difficult, hard”

urucárima adj. “hard to make / do”

urucarin adj. “made with difficulty”

!uruhanyaima adj. “complicated, enigmatic, cryptic, hard to understand”

!uruhta- v. “to (cause to) smoke; to belch smoke”

!urulanya n. “wick, (lit.) fire-thread”

urulócë n. “fire-serpent, fire-drake, fire-dragon”

!ur(u)ma n. “coal, charcoal”

!úrunda adj. “gruff, unpolished”

urus (urust-) n. “copper”

!urusta adj. “of copper”

!urustamitta n. “copper-piece”

!urustan (urustam-) n. “copper-smith”

^úruva adj. “fiery, like fire”

!urva- v. “to explode”

^urwa adj. “on fire, afire”

urya- v. “to be hot”

us- [þ] pref. “[wrong] with a bad sense; unsuitable, bad, improper, useless, wrong”

^us- [þ] v. “to escape, get out”

!úsahtando [þ] n. “tempter”

úsahtië [þ] n. “inducement to do wrong, *temptation”

!uscil(lë) n. “cigarette”

úsië conj. “on the contrary”

usquë n. “reek, *smoke”

!ussar (ussard-) n. “sulphur, (lit.) fire-stone”

!ustat- v. “to misappropriate, supplant, usurp”

!ustya- v. “to smoke (intr.)”

^uswë [þ] n. “escape, issue, outlet”

!uswen n. “emergency exit, fire exit”

!útancië n. “uncertainty”

!útulma n. “accident, (lit.) bad-event”

!útulya- v. “to mislead”

!útulyando n. “deceiver, (lit.) mis-leader”

!útúrima adj. “unruly”

†uv- v. “*to be going to”

-uva suf. “future tense suffix”

úva- v. “to impend, be imminent, draw near [usually negative in sense]”

úvana adj. “marred”

úvanë(a) adj. “without beauty”

úvanima adj. “not fair, ugly; hard to call beautiful, hideous”

úvanimo n. “monster, corrupt or evil creature”

^†uvassë n. “future tense, (lit.) uva-ness”

úvië n. “pondering, consideration, considering a matter (with a view to decision)”

uxarë n. “doing wrong, *misdeed”

-va suf. “possessive or adjectival ending”

va prep. “(away) from, away, gone forth”

vá interj. and adv. “will not, do not, shall not”

^vacco n. “jacket, coat”

vahai(y)a adv. “far away”

vahta- v. “to soil, stain”

vailë n. “[strong] wind, *gale”

vailima adj. “windy”

^vaima n. “wrap, robe”

^vaimata- v. “to [en]robe, *clothe; to get dressed, put on clothing”

^vaina¹ [w] adj. “blonde, fair of hair”

^vaina² adj. “clad”

^vainë n. “sheath, pod”

^vainolë n. “quiver”

vaita- v. “to enfold, wrap”

vai(y)a n. “envelope”

Vala n. “(Angelic) Power, Authority”

vala- v. “to have [divine] power”

valaina adj. “of or belonging to the Valar, divine”

Valanya n. “*Friday, Vala-day”

valassë n. “divinity”

!valasta- v. “to deserve, (lit.) be worthy”

!valatë n. “pride”

!valatëa adj. “proud”

valca [w] adj. “fierce, ferocious”

^valda n. and adj. “worth; worthy, dear”

valda [w] adj. “excited, wild”

^valda- v. “to matter; to be of significance, worth, moment”

^valdëa adj. “of moment, important”

^valdima adj. “essential, imperative”

!válë n. “divine power/authority”

Valië n. “Female Vala”

^valma adj. “[divinely or righteously] powerful”

!valmë n. “authority”

valmë [w] n. “excitement, emotion”

valta- [w] v. “to excite, rouse, stir up”

valut- v. “to flow away”

valwistë [w] n. “change of mind”

valya adj. “having (divine) authority or power, *authorized, official”

valya- [w] v. “to be excited (moved)”

ván n. “goose”

vanda n. “oath, pledge, solemn promise”

†vanë (vani-) adj. “fair, lovely”

vanessë n. “beauty”

^vanga n. “staff”

vangwë n. “storm, *gale”

vanië n. “beauty”

vanima¹ adj. “beautiful, fair, *handsome”

vanima² n. “beautiful one, fair one”

vanimelda adj. “beautiful and beloved, elven-fair”

Vanimo n. “The Beautiful; Fair Folk”

!vanita- v. “to grow/become fair; to beautify, make fair/beautiful”

vanta n. “walk, *hike, march”

vanta- v. “to walk, *trudge, trek”

vanwa adj. “gone, lost, departed, vanished, past, over, no longer to be had, passed away, dead, gone for good”

!vanwalussë n. “past tense”

!vanwë n. “loss (abstract/general)”

vanwië n. “the past, past time”

!vanwiémar (vanwiemard-) n. “museum, (lit.) hall of the past”

!vanwírë n. “nostalgia, (lit.) past-longing”

vanya adj. “fair, beautiful, unmarred”

vanya- v. “to pass [away], *be lost, disappear”

váquet- v. “to refuse, forbid, prohibit; (lit.) to say no, to say ‘I will not or do not’”

var- [w] v. “to err”

!var- v. “to yield, give way, surrender”

vára adj. “soiled, dirty”

varanda adj. “sublime”

!varassë n. “cliff”

!varasta- v. “to tower up, loom”

!váravalmë n. “scandal”

vardarianna n. “fragrant evergreen tree”

!varma n. “armour, armor”

varna adj. “safe, protected, secure”

varnassë n. “security”

varnë (varni-) adj. “brown, russet; swart, dark brown”

!varno n. “protector, guard”

!varta- v. “to betray”

!vartië n. “betrayal”

!varto n. “betrayer”

varya- v. “to protect”

!varyalë n. “defense”

!varyando n. “protector”

!vas- [þ] v. “to consume”

vasar [þ] n. “veil”

vasarya- [þ] v. “to veil”

!vata n. “beaten track, pathway”

!vatta- v. “to trample”

vaxë n. “stain”

váya n. “ocean, [stormy] sea”

-vë suf. “abstract noun, adverb”

ve¹ prep. “as, like, similar, after the manner [of]”

ve² pron. “us (inclusive)”

vëa¹ adj. “adult; vigorous”

vëa¹ adj. “seeming, apparent”

^vëacirya n. “sea-ship, *ocean-going ship”

^vëalta- v. “to resemble”

vëaner¹ n. “(adult) man”

vëassë n. “vigour”

^vëasta n. “comparison”

!vehta- v. “to activate, turn on, switch on”

vehtë n. “[a span of] life; habitat, haunt”

!vehtecindo n. “biographer”

vehtequentalë n. “biography”

^vel-¹ v. “to boil, bubble”

véla adj. “*alike, having a likeness or similarity”

!vélamë n. “similarity”

^velet n. “boil, tumor”

^velu- v. “to unroll, unfurl”

^veluntë n. “sail”

^velupantië n. “revelation”

^velva adj. “boiling, bubbling”

^velvë n. “bubble”

!velyávë n. “gourd, Cucurbitaceae, the gourd family”

^vembë n. “worm”

vén [w] n. “greenness, freshness”

vendë [w] n. “maiden”

vendelë [w] n. “maidenhood”

!vendelis (vendeliss-) n. “nun”

!vendesta n. “convent”

^venë n. “dish, [eating] vessel”

vénë n. “*virgin”

vénëa adj. “*virginal”

venessë n. “virginity”

^venta n. “chin”

!venwa [w] n. “lime (fruit)”

venya- v. “to heal”

!venya pron. “ours (inclusive)”

venya [w] adj. “green, yellow-green, fresh”

vëo n. “living creature, *living being”

!vequi conj. “as if, as though”

véra adj. “personal, private, own”

!vératanna n. “signature, (lit.) personal token”

verca adj. “wild”

!vercála adj. “sudden, violent”

vérë n. “bond, troth, compact, oath”

veri n. “wife”

verië n. “boldness, *daring”

^verin adj. “married”

!verinu coll. “married pair”

!verrendo n. “brother in law, kinsman by marriage”

!verressë n. “sister in law, kinswoman by marriage”

veru n. “husband”

!verulóra adj. and n. “widowed; widow”

verya adj. “bold, *brave”

verya- v. “to dare”

!veryandë n. “adventure, undertaking”

veryanwë n. “wedding”

!vesquen n. “spouse (gender neutral)”

^vesta- [w] v. “to swear (to do something), contract, make a compact”

vesta-¹ v. “to wed, *marry”

vesta¹ n. “matrimony, state of marriage”

vestalë n. “wedding”

!vestaracië n. “adultery, (lit.) marriage-breaking”

!véta- v. “to compare, liken”

!vétaima adj. “comparable”

!vetta- v. “to witness”

!vettë n. “(act of) witnessing”

!vettëa adj. “witnessing”

!vetto n. “witness”

!veuma n. “server”

!veuya- v. “to serve”

!veuyalë n. “service”

vië n. “manhood, vigour; teors, *penis”

!vielóra n. “eunuch”

vil- [w] v. “to fly”

!vilcirya n. “airplane”

^vílë n. “gentle breeze”

^vilina adj. “airy, breezy; light [weight?]”

!villuntë n. “airship, zeppelin, blimp”

!vilma n. “aircraft [general term]”

!vilmen n. “airport, airfield, airdrome”

vilva [w] adj. “fluttering to and fro”

vilvarin (vilvarind-) [w] n. “butterfly”

vilvarindëa [w] adj. “like a butterfly”

!vilwis(të) n. “weather, (lit.) turn of air”

vilya [w] n. “air, sky”

!vilyalondë n. “(official) airport for passengers”

!vin adv. “just, just now, only just, already”

vínë n. “youth, *childhood”

vingë [w] n. “foam, spindrift, spray, wave crest, froth, scud”

vingil (vingild-) [w] n. “nymph, mermaid, foam-maid”

!vin(i)- pref. “neo-”

^vinima adj. “childish”

vinimetta n. “end of youth, *reaching middle age”

vinimo [w] n. “baby, little-one”

!vinquetta n. “neologism”

vinta- [w] v. “to scatter, blow about”

vinya adj. “young, new”

!vinyahan (vinyahán-) n. “younger brother”

vinyamo [w] n. “youngster”

!vinyanet (vinyanéþ-) n. “younger sister”

!vinyanóna adj. “new-born”

vinyarë n. “youth, *young adulthood”

!vircantië n. “grid, lattice, (lit.) woven pattern”

!vircolca n. “basket, (lit.) woven-box”

!virda n. “outcome, result”

Víressë n. “April, *Freshness”

!vírina adj. “woven”

!virítë adj. “various, variable”

!virittë n. “gravel”

!virsúrë n. “gauze, muslin, (lit.) woven wind”

virya adj. “fresh”

virya- v. “to change, alternate”

!viryaitë adj. “fickle, (lit.) apt to change”

!vissë n. “gas”

vista n. “air as substance”

vista- v. “to change (transitive)”

vistë [w] n. “change”

-voitë suf. “adjective suffix”

!volta n. “volt”

!voltië n. “voltage”

!vor- v. “to endure, survive”

vórë n. “lasting”

vórëa adj. and n. “continuous, enduring, lasting; continuant”

vórima adj. “faithful, *(lit.) able to endure; continuous, enduring, repeated”

!vorimyalë n. “monotony”

vor(o)- pref. “continual repetition”

voro adv. “ever, continually, always”

voron(an) adv. “steadfastly, steadily, unremittingly, unceasingly”

voronda adj. “faithful, steadfast (in allegiance, in keeping oath or promise)”

vorongandelë n. “continual repetition, (lit.) harping on one tune”

voronna adv. “for a long time”

voronwa adj. “enduring, long-lasting”

voronwë n. “steadfastness, loyalty, faith(fulness)”

voronwië n. “endurance, lasting quality”

vorosanya [þ] adj. “*ever-law-abiding”

!vorotailë n. “procrastination, (lit.) ever-extension”

!vorotaita- v. “procrastinate, (lit.) ever-prolong”

!vorta- v. “to preserve, make lasting”

!vortalë n. “preservation, maintenance”

!voruhta- v. “to shun, (lit.) ever-avoid”

^voruva adj. “age long”

!vussa- v. “to buzz, hum”

-wë suf. “ancient name suffix (usually but not always masculine)”

†winë (wini-) n. “baby, little-one”

xara- v. “to yearn, long for”

-xë¹ suf. “reflexive verbal inflection”

xiétë (xiéti-) adj. “passing, impermanent”

ya pron. “which, that (relative pronoun)”

yá conj. “when”

-ya¹ suf. “adjective suffix”

-ya² suf. “aorist active participle, general verbal adjective”

-ya² suf. “suffix of endearment”

-ya³ suf. “his, her, its (colloquial)”

-ya⁴ suf. “verbal suffix”

!yac- v. “to offer, sacrifice”

!yacië n. “offering, [act of] sacrificing”

!yácina adj. “sacrificed”

yaimë n. “wailing”

yaimëa adj. “wailing”

!yaita- v. “to mock, scorn”

!yaitima n. “ridiculous, absurd, (lit.) mockable”

yaiwë n. “mocking, scorn”

!yaiya- v. “to wail, cry in pain, cry grievously”

yal- v. “to summon, *call (out to)”

yallë conj. “as, in the same way as, like”

!yallo adv. “whence”

yallo adv. “*from there (remote)”

yallumë adv. “in times when”

^yalta n. “yoke”

yalúmë n. “former times”

yalúmëa adj. “olden”

yan adv. “at (that) far distant time, at that time already past with reference to some other point already in mind or discussed”

yana pron. “yonder; that (the former)”

yána adj. “wide, vast, huge”

yanan adv. “at that (distant) time, then (long ago)”

yanar adv. “in those days of yore”

yanaryas adv. “in those days of yore”

yanas(së) adv. “*there (remote)”

!yanca n. “sacrifice”

yanë pron. “that yonder”

!yanen adv. “whereby”

yanga- v. “to yawn”

!yangwa n. “altar”

!yanna adv. “whither, whereto”

yanna adv. “*to there (remote)”

yanta n. “bridge”

!yanta-¹ v. “to join”

^yanta-² v. “to add to, enlarge, increase, augment”

!yantaina adj. “joined”

yanwë n. “joining, isthmus”

yára adj. “old, ancient, belonging to or descending from former times”

!yárahan (yárahán-) n. “older brother”

!yáranet (yáranéþ-) n. “older sister”

!yáraquetta n. “archaism, archaic word”

yárë n. “former days”

yárëa adj. “olden”

!yarië n. “antiquity”

yárië n. “age”

!yarra n. “growl, snarl”

yarra- v. “to growl, snarl”

yassë adv. “there [remote, relative]”

yatta n. “(narrow) neck, isthmus; *(lit.) joining”

^yausta n. “crop”

^yav- v. “to bear (fruit), *yield, bring forth, produce”

!yava adj. “whose, of which”

yavannamírë n. “Jewel of Yavanna”

Yavannië n. “September, *Yavanna-ness”

yávë n. “fruit”

!yávelóra adj. “fruitless”

yávië n. “autumn, harvest [time or act]”

yáviérë n. “*autumn-day”

!yávinqua adj. “fruitful”

yáwë n. “ravine, cleft, gully”

^yaxë n. “cow”

-yë suf. “and (pairs)”

ye pron. “who”

yé interj. “lo!, what a ..., what is more”

yeldë n. “daughter”

yello n. “call, shout, cry of triumph”

yelmë¹ n. “loathing”

yelta- v. “to loathe, abhor”

yelwa adj. “loathsome”

yén n. “Elvish long year (144 solar years)”

yénië n. “annals”

yenya n. “last year”

^yeren n. “pig iron, *ore”

yermë n. “sexual desire (for marriage and procreation)”

yerna adj. “old, worn”

yerya- v. “to wear (out), get old”

yesta n. “beginning, *start”

!yesta- v. “to begin, *start”

yesta- v. “to desire”

!yestanyatsë n. “prefixion”

!yestië n. “beginning”

!yeva adj. “whose”

yo conj. “both ... and”

yo- pref. “together (used in words describing the union of three or more things)”

^yol- v. “to smoulder”

!yola adv. “neither, nor”

yó(m) prep. “[together] with”

!yomencöa n. “synagogue, (lit.) meeting-house”

yomenië n. “meeting, gathering, *congress”

!yonávë n. “company, *companionship, camaraderie”

yonda¹ adj. “enclosed”

yondë n. “region, any fairly extensive region with well-marked natural bounds”

yondo n. “son”

yonwa n. “fence, border, boundary”

yonyo n. “(big) boy, son”

yor- v. “to enclose, set bounds to/about; *to include, contain”

yosanwë n. “(pl.) congruence”

!yosta n. “content, (lit.) something contained, enclosed”

!(y)otulma n. “coincidence, concurrence, simultaneity, synchronicity”

yu- pref. “both, twice”

yú adv. “too, *also”

!yuhta- v. “to use, employ”

!yuhtaimalë n. “usefulness”

!yuhtaina adj. “used”

yuima pron. “of both sorts”

!yuitë adj. “dual”

yul- v. “to drink”

yúla n. “ember, smouldering wood”

yulda¹ n. “drink, draught, thing drunk”

yulda² adj. “drunk”

yúlima adj. “drinkable”

!yullas (yullass-) n. “tea”

^yullumë adv. “twice, two times”

yulma n. “cup, drinking vessel, drinking implement”

yulmë n. “drinking, carousal”

!yulmo n. “drinker”

!yulmon n. “chalice”

yuluitë (yuluiti-) adj. “drinking (as a habit), *aquatic”

yulunefítë adj. “amphibious, *(lit.) drinking-breathing”

!yungwa n. “appliance”

yunquë num. card. “twelve”

^yunquëa num. ord. “twelfth”

yunquentë num. card. “thirteen”

yunquesta fraction. “*one twelfth”

!yuquain num. card. “twenty”

!yuquain tuxa num. card. “one hundred twenty”

yurasta num. card. “twenty four”

!yutya- v. “to lend, loan”

yúyal n. “twilight”

yuyal(dë) adv. “in both ways”

yuyallumë adv. “*both times”

yuyan(an) adv. “on both occasions”

yuyandon adv. “*like both”

yuyanomë adv. “*in both places”

yuyas(së) adv. “*in both places”

yúyo adj. “both”

-za pron. “abstract object”